常数

By virtue of the invariant manifolds and conservative property of Hamiltonian system, we construct a"switching algorithm"to compute the periodic solution of equation (4) when the dispersion distribution σ is periodic and piecewise constant function.

4运用不变流形的分析方法和哈氏系统的守恒性质，给出了当色散分布σ为周期的分片常数情形计算方程(4)的周期轨的一个"开关算法"。

Chapter 5 deals with the solvable theorem of adaptive inverse optimal control problems for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems driven by Wiener noises of unknown covariance. The systems are depicted by It〓 stochastic differential equations. By using an adaptive backstepping algorithm and stochastic control Lyapunov functions, the designing procedure of control laws of global asymptotic stability in probability and adaptive inverse optimal stabilization in probability are presented systematically. Adaptive control laws and parameter update laws can be obtained at the same time by this design scheme.

在第5章中，针对具有方差不确定Wiener噪声扰动和未知定常参数的随机非线性系统（假设方差的F—范数是一个常数或一个缓慢变化的量，对其进行在线辨识），给出并证明了自适应逆最优控制问题可解定理，基于随机Lyapunov定理和It〓微分规则，采用自适应Backstepping设计方法，系统地设计了全局依概率渐近稳定和自适应逆最优控制策略，这种设计方法可同时获得控制策略和自适应律，计算机数值仿真结果表明该控制算法是有效性的。

The results show that the calculated cell parameters are in agreement with the experimental ones. The interactions between Li—N and Al—N are strong ionic bonds in Li3AlN2. The interaction between N and H is strong covalent bond and the interaction between Li and N is strong ionic bond in LiNH2. The calculated reaction enthalpies are 23.7 and 55.3 kJ/mol, respectively, which are in agreement with the experimental ones.

结果表明：Li3AlN2的Li—N、Al—N键主要为离子键，LiNH2的N—H键主要为共价键，Li—N键主要为离子键；298 K时贮氢反应的反应焓计算值分别为23.7和55.3 kJ/mol，与实验值均符合得较好；反应中各固态、气态物质的晶胞的结构优化后的晶格常数、键长与键角等与相应的实验值均符合较好。

However, only β-ionone replaced the bis-ANS of MmedCSP1 by 50%, and the binding constant was 16.89 μmol/L.

但只有脂类化合物β-紫罗兰酮能在浓度为1mmol/L下将bis-ANS从MmedCSP1中替换50%，β-紫罗兰酮与MmedCSP1的结合常数为16.89μmol/L。

The symmetric waves of a definite type are characterized by an irreducible representation of the site group.

任一对称类型的驻波的频谱分布只与整个格波的频谱分布差一个常数因子。

Furthermore, if the entropy of the flow remains as a constant, we can have the isentropic Euler system, and if the flow is assumed to be irrotational, we can have the potential flow equation.

例如假设流体状态的变化与时间无关，只与空间状态有关，那么我们可以得到定常的欧拉方程组；如果再假设流体的熵保持为常数，那么我们进一步得到等熵的欧拉方程组；如果再假设流体的速度场满足无旋条件，我们可以得到所谓的位势流方程组。

At the same time the new algorithm is applied to find necessary conditions for such isochronous center, then proofs of isochronicity of these systems by using some effective methods are given.

同时通过一种最新算法求出无穷远点为中心时的周期常数，得到了拟等时中心的必要条件，并利用一些有效途径一一证明了条件的充分性。

The experimental results showed that the catalytic activity for the polymerization of isoprene is dominated by the rate constant of absolute propagation in this system.

研究结果表明：该体系催化活性低的主要原因是其绝对增长速度常数太低。

The adsorption equilibrium constants K1 and K2 were calculated by the isothermal equation of surface stepwise ion exchange.

用分级离子交换等温式求出了平衡常数K1和K2.pH值是影响吸附作用的主要因素，随着pH值的增大沉积物与稀土离子的交换吸附作用相应增强。

The specification of a linear micropolar isotropic body requires six elastic moduli, two of which are the classical Lame's parameters.

线性微极各向同性体要求6个弹性模量，其中有两个经典拉梅常数。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。