布置

The technical schemes of the study are as follows: first, generally investigate the present using status and collect relevant technical information; next, combing the special technical request of stokehold, make a new structure arrangement on the basis of the original one; Then, make mechanical and conditional analysis to the main part of the structure; after that, make another analysis for the reliability of the original stokehold; finally, offer a reasonable plan for rebuilding and reinforcement and propose some rationalization advice.

研究的技术路线如下：首先，全面调查锅炉房现有的使用情况，收集相关的技术资料；其次，结合锅炉房的特殊工艺要求，在原有锅炉间结构布置的基础上进行新的结构布置，然后对结构主体进行力学分析和状态分析；再次，对原有锅炉房进行可靠性分析；最后，研究制定出切实可行的改造加固方案并给出合理化建议。

I am told that general layout of this plant will bedone by you,could you give me some ideas about thelocation of power sub-station?

据我所知，本厂的总平面布置由贵方承担，你能告诉我总降打算布置在什么地方吗？

Nowadays the single tube and single-unit hydroelectric station have been used widely and skillfully, but it is necessary for some large hydropower stations to use tailrace bifurcated tubes, just as Xiaolangdi, Xiangjiaba, Baishe project and so on. So it is significant to study the transients of long tailrace tunnel with tank or without tank.

对于尾水系统，单管单机的布置方式比较成熟，尾水岔管的布置方式目前在大型电站中用的较多，如小浪底、向家坝、百色等，因而研究其在有尾水调压井和无尾水调压井的情况下的过渡过程，很有实用意义。

At first in the preliminary design this paper computes the linear damping coefficient of the viscous damper employed in this project using Composite Response Spectra approach, meantime, this paper proves that reducing the exponent of velocity of the piston can increase the magnitude of the dissipative energy, because of the viscous damper employed in the practical project character nonlinear behavior; next this chapter performs analysis and comparison between the building without and with the viscous dampers aforementioned when the building suffers from various Time Domain Response, from the angle of displacement, interstroy drift, velocity, interstory velocity, acceleration, energy, maximum axial force of the dampers and of the column etc., in order to prove that the incorporating the viscous dampers into the buildings has great superiority on enhancing its aseismic performance ; furthermore, this chapter also expatiates on diverse assembly form of the viscous dampers that results in the adverse impact on the internal force of the structural member in this building, on the ground of which this segment bring about the preference of the assembly form of the viscous damper; finally this chapter points out the sphere of application of the analysis and computation using Composite Response Spectra approach in design: it is available in well-proportioned stiffness structures and isn抰 available in the structures that contain weak story. It is recommendable, particularly, to incorporate the fluid viscous dampers into this structure that contain weak story to refrain earthquake and reinforce, such as the Central Hall of Shanghai Exhibition Hall.

首先使用了反应谱分析法设计出欲附设的粘滞阻尼器的线性阻尼系数，由于实际工程所用的粘滞阻尼器具有非线性的特性，故而笔者又证明了降低速度指数对提高粘滞阻尼器的耗能量的优势所在；接着分别从位移、层间位移、速度、层间速度、加速度、能量、最大阻尼出力和柱轴力等不同的角度对结构在附设粘滞阻尼器前后的时程反应进行了分析对比，籍此在实际工程中证明了附设粘滞阻尼器对于提高结构的抗震性能的优越性；再者，笔者还阐述了采用不同的粘滞阻尼器布置方式对结构中构件内力特别是柱轴力和基座竖向反力产生的不利影响，并在此基础上提出了布置方式的优选；最后，指出了反应谱法在设计中的适用范围：对于均匀结构反应谱法能够使用，而对于含有薄弱层的结构反应谱法并不适用；对于类似于上海展览馆中央大厅的含薄弱层的结构尤其值得使用粘滞阻尼器的方法进行抗震加固。

Thermal effect on the equivalent spring constants of double-clamped beams with two kinds of mass arrangements including central mass and side mass were studied by theoretical analysis and finite element simulation.

通过理论研究和有限元仿真分析了热效应对两种不同质量块布局的双端固支梁的等效弹簧系数的影响，两种质量块分别布局为质量块与梁对称布置和质量块位于梁平面一侧布置。

By using the combined support technology of concrete sprayed anchored net,anchorage cable and backwall grouting in the mechanical and electronic underground chamber of Shuangmiao extending area of Gedian Mine,Shenhuo Coal and Electricity Joint-stock Company,the tunnel condition is effectively improved,the deformation of the surrounding rock is inhibited.

介绍了根据硐室布置的岩层和地质条件及机电硐室设备布置的具体要求，神火煤电股份有限公司葛店煤矿双庙扩大区井底车场机电硐室成功采用锚网、锚索、壁后注浆联合支护技术；实现了多次支护的抗压作用，保证了大断面机电硐室的有效施工，确保了机电设备的安全运行。

As for beamless slabs with the same amount of prestressed reinforcement and non-prestressed reinforcement but different reinforcing ways, the bearing capacities are considered to be the same according to former experiment results. Based on this point, the arrangement of tendons is considered to be arbitrary by equivalent frame method as long an the amount of tendon is unchangeable.

对于仅预应力筋布置方式不同，而配有相同数量的预应力筋及非预应力钢筋的无梁板，以往的试验结果和理论分析揭示了它们具有相同的极限承载能力，很多人依据这一结论，认为只要保证了无粘结预应力筋的总量，其布置方案可以是任意的，因此采用等代框架法计算、设计预应力筋。

However, in designing the beamless slabs with equivalent frame method, the stress is an average values along the depth of section, which varies with the normal service state. Compared with the results by finite element method, the results gained by equivalent frame method cannot satisfy the requirement under the normal service state. Therefore, the tendons of beamless slabs should be designed and arranged based on the results of FEM taking account into vertical load and prestressed load.

本文通过分析，认为采用等代框架法进行无梁板设计时，其内力是基于截面平均的结果，在正常使用状态与实际受力状态有很大的不同，通过对比等代框架法和有限元计算的正常使用极限状态应力可知，按等代框架法设计的预应力布置并不能保证其正常使用极限状态的要求，据此提出了应根据无梁板在竖向荷载和预应力共同作用下弹性有限元分析结果进行预应力筋布置的建议。

In the process of structure designing, separating disposal, i.e. decompression device and desuperheater were disposed apart, was adopted.

在减温减压器本体结构设计工作中，采用分体式布置，即减压环节和减温环节相互独立布置。

Comparing the experimental results with the results calculated using the OCIMF method, the reliability of using the OCIMF method is testified.Thirdly, the basic configuration plan of a ship undocking assisted by different number of tugs is given. The relationships among the gyroidal moment, gyroidal time and drag forces of tugs in the process of ship undocking are analyzed.

三、制定了不同数量拖轮协助船舶出坞时的基本布置形式，给出了不同拖轮协助船舶出坞时的拖轮布置示意图，并试验分析了船舶出坞回转力矩与回转时间和拖轮拖力之间关系，并确定了用于船舶出坞回转的拖轮拖力的余度大小。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。