市民权

John and his wife had gone to Fisk University, a black school in Nashville, Tennessee, in the early sixties, when the civil rights movement was in full flower.

约翰和他的妻子在60年代初期民权运动如火如荼的时候，曾就读于菲斯克大学，那是田纳西州纳什维尔市的一所黑人学校。

When the particular exam chosen by the department resulted in no persons of colour qualifying for promotion, New Haven faced the possibility that it was running afoul of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, which permits hiring and promotion processes that have a disparate impact on racial minorities only if they are required by "business necessity".

由于该部门选择的考题测出的结果是没有有色人种获得晋升资格，纽黑文市面临着违反民权法案第七条的可能性。该条规定，只有在&业务必需&的情况下，才允许雇佣和提升程序对少数族裔产生差别影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。