市场化

Under such a background, many state-owned printing enterprises gradually begin to step onto the stage of market competition after their system reforms. It is the key to develop the right and effective market-oriented tactic in order to complete the market-oriented reform among the intense competition.

在此背景下，众多的国有印刷企业面临着包括体制改革在内的市场化改革的艰巨任务，能否完成这一艰巨的任务，制定准确、有效的市场化策略成为关键因素之一。

Review the experiences of interest rate reforming in the world, though the interest rate liberalization reform is the necessary way to improve the efficiency of financial system and to optimize the capital disposition, the reform will cause serious risk for economy and financial system.

综观国际上实施利率市场化改革的经验教训，利率市场化虽然是提高金融系统效率和效益、优化资金配置的必要途径，然而它也将给该国的经济、金融系统带来严重的风险。

Using Spatial Lag Model and Spatial Error Model, a spatial econometric analysis on institutional spillover effect of marketization degree in China's provinces and the effect on regional economic growth is performed. The results of spatial analysis show that after nearly 30 years' development of China's provincial economies reform and opening, the spatial association becomes closer while geographical clustering obviously intensifies, and the institutional spillover effect among the provinces becomes confessedly.

摘要本文从空间分析的角度研究各地区市场化进程的空间效应及其对区域经济增长绩效的影响，空间计量经济分析的结果表明市场化进程的空间分布在整个样本区间与GDP、资本和劳动一样呈现出集聚的趋势，区域差异显著，各地区的市场化进程在地理空间上存在显著的自相关关系，证实了各地区市场化进程存在制度溢出效应。

Thus, Chinese CST marketization can only be definite marketization.

因此，我国公务员培训市场化只能是"有限市场化"。

He said that the interest rate adjustment, the adjustment of exchange rate formation mechanism is also to highlight its necessity.

英航说，央行调整利率，但也伴随着市场化改革的利率，这意味着宏观调控"开始回到市场化改革的轨道上。"

We find that,(1) the regional market development influences CG——better institutional environment can improve CG and decrease the agency costs.(2) However, there is no influence for perquisite consumption, the reason for which is the existence of compensation regulation in our stated-owned corporate. The perquisite consumption remedies the low monetary reward and undertakes the recessive motivating effect. This is in accord with Li, Sun and Liu (2005) in which the managers' compensation contracts conform to the superior contracting theory.

经过实证检验我们发现：1、上市公司所处地区的市场化程度较高，那么公司的代理成本相对较低，从而证明了地区的市场化程度确实影响公司的治理结构，好的法律制度环境有利于上市公司治理结构的完善，降低公司的代理成本。2、地区市场化程度的高低对于上市公司经理人的在职消费没有显著的影响，这是因为我国国有企业薪酬管制的存在，在职消费作为低货币性报酬的补偿，承担着隐性激励的作用，这与李增泉、孙铮和刘凤委（working paper，2005）关于我国上市公司经理人的薪酬契约符合最优契约论的研究结论保持一致。

This thesis, titled "under the Exchange rate marketization of RMB a probe into exchange rate risk management from the enterprises' standpoint ", on the basis of some basic concepts and theory about exchange rate risk , mainly discusses the significance and exigency of study exchange rate risk management in corporation of china , and raises some proposals in such aspects as removing obstacles, optimizing exchange rate risk management system and establishing the mechanism of previous tergiversation exchange rate risk. In addition, the thesis analyzes the risks that will be encountered in the development of exchange rate marketization of RMB and offers solutions to these risks.

本文选择《人民币汇率市场化下的企业汇率风险管理研究》为题，在介绍汇率风险的基本知识和相关概念、企业对汇率风险管理基本理念的基础上，结合我国实际，分析了我国涉外企业在目前人民币汇率机制改革、人民币汇率逐步市场化的前提背景下汇率风险管理的必要性和紧迫性，提出逐步完善企业汇率风险管理系统，建立企业内部风险预警机制运行模式的建议、并对人民币汇率市场化下企业所面临的汇率风险进行了分析，提出了相应的对策。

According to my hypothesis, I turn the ectogenous institutional factors to be endogenous ones, in order to test the effects of these factors to regional economic growth, which testify and support my hypothesis in chapter 1 in empiric way.

计量回归结果表明，跨地区经济增长与市场化水平之间存在很强的线性依存关系，市场化程度对区域经济增长的影响是显著的，市场化水平可解释总体经济增长的21％；二是检验所有权结构差异对区际经济非均衡增长的影响。

This paper analyses the content and history of agricultural marketization development of mountain fastnesses in Wuling mountain area, and then puts forwards a way for agriculture marketization development in this area.

文章分析了山寨农业市场化的内涵和武陵山区山寨农业市场化发展的历史，提出了武陵山区山寨农业市场化发展的路径。

Credit Systems and Interzones Theory of Finance Market Direction English Abstract Financial revolution focus on market financial liberalization, including direct financing, interest rate liberalization, foreign exchange system connect on international financial system etc., to build financial system facing on world.

信用体系与金融市场化的区间论中国金融改革的方向是市场化，包括直接融资体系的建立，利率市场化，外汇体制与国际接轨等，以建立起面向经济全球化的金融市场体系。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。