市场交易

The allocation problem has never been discussed in traditional circuit theory but has to be settled in electricity market.

输电网损是电力市场运作的成本之一，必须合理地分配给市场中的各个交易或各市场成员，这是传统的电路理论未曾涉及，而现在电力市场必须解决的新问题。

From the microcosmic structure of securities market,the problems of stock market liquidity and bargain amount change were analyzed. The dispersed model of amount dynamic state of bargainers was discussed. By neglecting price change,an appropriate proportion of bargainer quantity of both buyer and seller is the lowest standard of the market liquidity. The time achieving stable market liquidity has relation to parameters for bargainer to leave the stock market. Finally,simulation calculation of bargainer quan...

从证券市场的微观结构角度，对股票市场的流动性及交易数量变动问题进行分析·讨论了交易者数量动态离散模型，在忽略价格变动情况下，指出市场流动性的最低标准是买卖双方的交易者数量有一个恰当的比例，市场达到稳定流动性的时间与描述离开股市交易者的参数有关·最后给出股市交易者数量变动的仿真计算

It carries a thorough discussion of the realistic significance and profound influence which caused to the Chinese monetary market of the interest rate swap. The article believes that the interest rate swap will provide a effective way of financing for Our Enterprise, speeds up the development of our commercial banks, meets the demand of interest rate swap on bond market, has positive influence to our interest rate reform. Secondly, this chapter discussed the restriction factor and the countermeasure of interest rate swap from the aspects of money market interest rate index, the fluidity and the market access.

它首先对我国发展利率互换所具有的现实内涵、推出利率互换对中国金融市场产生的深远影响进行了比较深入的探讨，文章认为利率互换可以为我国企业提供了一种有效的融资方式、有利于我国商业银行更好地发展、满足债券市场对利率互换的需求并将进一步促进我国的利率市场化；其次，结合我国的实际情况从利率互换工具本身、交易主体和宏观环境三个方面，探讨了我国开展人民币利率互换后的风险防范问题；最后，本章还从货币市场利率指数问题、流动性问题、市场准入问题等几个方面探讨了我国利率互换市场发展的制约因素及对策。

The main purpose of this article is to apply the newly developed Parity Bounds model and then compare it with Ravallion model in the market integration research of Taipei and Taichung aquaculture markets. We choose 11 types of fishes including Japanese sea perch, big head carp, milk fish, grass carp, common carp, curcian carp, white mouth croaker, Japanese butterfish, black pomfret, white pomfret, and gold threadfin.

本研究主要在应用新近发展的等值临界模型对台北、台中两地鱼市场中，都有进行交易之七星鲈、大头鲢、草鱼、虱目鱼、鲤鱼、鲫鱼、白口、肉鱼、黑鲳、白鲳、金线等十一种鱼种进行市场整合检定，并与另一种市场整合检定－Ravallion模型比较，希望藉此二种不同方法来了解台北、台中两地鱼市场间是否符合单一价格法则所隐含之市场整合的情形。

The foreign exchange market is the world's largest financial product market, to September 2007 reached $3.2 billion daily trading of securities market, equivalent to the United States, China's stock market is 30 times the size of 600 times daily.

外汇交易市场是全球最大的金融产品市场，到2007年9月日均交易量达到3.2亿美元，相当于美国证券市场的30倍，中国股票市场日均交易量的600倍。

The processing zone includes the processing of board, the furniture processing zone, the product of wood; the business zone includes the log market, and board wood market( the trade of jointer's board, plywood, fiberboard),furniture market, ornament materials market.

加工区包括板材加工区、家具加工区、木制品加工区；交易区包括原木市场、板材市场（经营细木工板、胶合板、纤维板等）、家具市场、装饰材料市场。

There are many research documents on the tradable emission permits theory, but a noticeable and important point—the TEP's impact on the product market structure under different allocation methods—has been ignored.

从国际上关于排污权交易理论研究的文献来看，值得注意的一个问题是：大多数学者在排污权交易理论研究和实践问题的讨论中几乎忽略了初始排污权的分配及其交易对产品市场结构的影响问题。

The main facets are as followings: The imperfects under socialist market economy system include that the administration system according to administrative region limits the formation of emissions market, modern enterprise system is not perfect and emissions savings business lacks corresponding financial organization; Extensive economic growth has difficulties in controlling the total pollution amount; There are changes in the structure and distribution of pollution sources; The trading confronts higher expenses; Government interferes more and more.

但中国目前正处于一个社会的快速转型时期，因此在中国实施排污权交易制度有着许多特点和困难，主要有以下几个方面：社会主义市场经济体系不完善，包括按行政区域划分的管理体制限制排污权市场的形成、现代企业制度的不完善以及缺乏相应的金融机构开展排污权储存业务；粗放型经济增长难以进行污染总量控制；污染源的结构和分布发生了变化；排污权交易面临更高的交易费用；政府干预过多等等。

Because of the unce rtainty of market the bounded rationality and opportunism of the human beings and so on transaction is the process in which scarce resources are consumedth us bringing about transacition cost.

交易的本质是人与人之间的关系，由于市场的不确定性、人的有限理性和机会主义行为倾向等原因，交易是稀缺资源的耗费过程，即存在交易成本。

These include giving the Fed expanded powers to regulate market stability, combining the Office of Thrift Supervision and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency to strengthen regulation by reducing duplication, centralising the scrutiny of mortgage origination, creating an optional federal insurance charter, beginning the process of integrating the Securities and Exchange Commission and Commodity Futures Trading Commission and continuing to improve arrangements for clearing and settling over-the-counter derivatives, including development of well regulated and prudently managed central clearing counterparties for OTC trades.

这些改革举措包括：扩大美联储的权力以监管市场稳定；合并美国储蓄管理局和美国货币监理署(Office of the Comptroller of the Currency)，通过减少重合来强化监管；集中对抵押贷款来源的审查；创建一个可选择的联邦保险宪章；启动整合证券交易委员会(Securities and Exchange Commission)和商品期货交易委员会(Commodity Futures Trading Commission)的程序；继续改进清算、结算场外衍生产品的安排，包括针对场外交易，发展得到充分监管和审慎管理的中央清算对手机构。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。