巴塞尔

According to the request of IRB system in NBCA, this paper analyzes the core factors of IRB system, combs and portrays the IRB process adding the step of risk precaution, describes several quantitative methods of risk precaution and compares them, then collets the methods of credit rating, does some deep researches in measurement of PD which are the core contents of IRB system, and does some empirical analysis using EDF model, finally gives the application of the IRB system and draws the chart of credit risk quantization in terms of portfolio theory, wishes to provide beneficial reference for the development and improvement of Chinese commercial banks'IRB system.

本文按照巴塞尔新资本协议中内部评级系统的要求，分析和解读了内部评级系统中的关键要素，梳理并描画了添加风险预警环节后的内部评级流程，分析了风险预警的各种定量方法并进行了比较，然后汇总了信用评级的方法，深入研究了违约概率的测度方法，用EDF模型作了些实证分析，最后归纳整理出了内部评级系统的应用，并描画了基于资产组合的信用风险量化流程图，以期为我国商业银行内部评级系统的发展和完善提供有益的参考。

A black swan feeds with its cygnets during some fine spring weather at Basel Zoo,Switzerland.

一个春风和煦的春天，一直天鹅在瑞士巴塞尔公园喂自己的babies。

Besides, there are still many holdbacks for Chinese commercial banks to fully implement Basel II.

同时，在我国的商业银行要全面实施巴塞尔新资本协议，目前还面临着诸多障碍。

Construction sites and meat-packing plants there used to recruit many Hispanic labourers from California and other American states, says Jeffrey Passel, a demographer at the Pew Hispanic Centre.

Pew 西班牙研究中心的统计学家巴塞尔说过去许多建筑工地和肉联厂喜欢招募从加州和其他州过来的西班牙劳力。

Collectively, Basel II refers to these instruments as credit risk mitigants.

总的来说，巴塞尔II将这类工具统称为信用风险缓释工具。

The people of Basel were not happy, especially given the fact that they still remember how two steeples of their beautiful medieval cathedral were tumbled into the Rhine River by an earthquake 650 years ago.

巴塞尔的人们并不高兴，特别是考虑到，他们仍然记得，两个漂亮的中世纪教堂的尖顶被下调到地震莱茵河650年前。

The people of Basel were not happy, especially given the fact that they still remember how two steeples of their beautiful medieval cathedral were tumbled into the Rhine River by an earthquake 650 years ago.

巴塞尔的人民非常不满，尤其是他们仍然记得650年前，他们的两个漂亮的中世纪教堂因为地震而跌落到莱茵河。

For example, Basel II only permits originating banks who securitize loans by way of a traditional securitization transaction, not to count those loans in its risk weighted exposures, if the sale of the mortgage loans to the SPV puts the loans completely beyond the bank's control (ie the transfer or the loans to the SPV must be by way of clean sale which cannot be set aside).

例如，《巴塞尔资本协定 II》规定，该等藉传统证券化交易来将贷款证券化的发起银行，只有在它们向「特定目的投资机构」出售按揭贷款，致使该等贷款是完全处於该些银行的控制范围以外时（即是转让予「特定目的投资机构」的贷款，必须是藉著不能搁置的clean sale 方式），它们才可以不将有关贷款列入其风险加权值之内。

The economy is booming, but Americans cannot get mortgages because some pen-pusher in Basel says the banks are taking too much risk.

经济繁荣，但由于巴塞尔的部分工作人员认为银行承受了太高风险而使美国无法获得按揭贷款。

Oche,established since 1896 in Basel, Switzerland, is a leading healthcare company with a uniquely broad spectrum of innovative solutions.

世界领先的罗氏公司是以研究为导向的健康事业公司之一，始创于1896年，总部位于瑞士巴塞尔。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了