差分方程

Difference equations; Green's function; Fixed point theorem; Fixed point index; Positive solutions; Cone

基础科学，数学，数学分析差分方程； Green函数；不动点定理；不动点指数；正解；锥

As examples,the oil temperature change and solidifying process were calculated by this method,and satisfactory results have been obtained.

采用保角变换和盒式积分法对数学模型进行了处理，并构造出问题的差分方程。

Key words: applied mathematics; forth-order difference equation; discrete variational principles; periodic solution

关键 词：应用数学；四阶差分方程；临界点理论；周期解

The asymptotical behaviors and periodic oscillations have been studied by applying the modern theories of difference equations.

应用现代差分方程理论对这些数学模型解的渐近性态与周期振荡进行了详细的讨论研究。

In this paper, we contribute an evolutionary heterogeneous beliefs model byusing t distribution to replace traditional standard normal to describe fundamen-tal price process and adding risk-adjusted market fraction function in classicaltwo types traders scheme. And then we utilizedifference equation stability and bifurcation theory and numerical simulation tostudy the system. It is found that the system has some styled facts (high kurto-sis、fat tali and long memory) of the actual financial market, and this indicatesthat the simulation model can reflect well the true financial market.

本文通过引入t分布代替原有的正态分布描述基础价格过程，引入经风险调整的投资者市场分数维函数取代原有的无风险调整的市场分数维函数，在经典的两类投资者(自主投资者和图表分析者)模拟模型框架下，建立了新的异质预期资产定价模型，利用差分方程稳定性和分支理论及数值模拟的方法对该系统进行理论分析和实证研究，发现模型具有真实金融市场的程式化事实(尖峰厚尾性，长记忆性等)，模拟效果较好。

Increasing the dimensions and burying depth of the grounding electrode, as well as the ground conductivity can effectively decrease the grounding impedance. In terms of the FDTD algorithm, an unsplit formulation of the Berenger''s PML and MPML and the modified difference equation near the sharp metal edge in FDTD grid are presented.

在FDTD算法方面，提出了Berenger PML及MPML场分量非分裂形式的公式；对金属薄板边缘场差分方程进行了修正，取得与实测数据一致的计算结果。

Enterprise management ; market share model ; difference equation theory ; freight traffic volume

企业管理；市场占有率模型；差分方程理论；货运量

In the second part, we make the study of the application of Z-transformation when we solve linear difference equation bearing constant coefficient and transmission function in pulsing system.

第2部分：&Z变换的应用&，主要通过上1章研究的Z－变换的逆变换和10个性质定理，研究了Z－变换在求解具有常系数的线性差分方程和脉冲系统的传递函数方面的应用。

Chapter 4 is devoted to the existence and multiplicity of homoclinic for self-adjoint nonlinear second order difference equations by using "Mountain Pass " theorem and "Symmetry Mountain Pass "theorem in critical point theory.

第四章应用临界点理论中的山路引理与对称山路引理研究了一类自共轭非线性二阶差分方程的同宿轨的存在性与多重性。

Chapter 2 discusses the BVP of non self-adjoint nonlinear second order difference equations by applying matrix theory and Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem.

第二章利用矩阵理论与Krasnoselskii不动点定理，研究了一类非自共轭非线性二阶差分方程的边值问题。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐