差

At the level of single factor,a method for diagnosis of data error in plane control survey was put forward systematically.

在单因素水平上，提出了平面控制测量数据超限时，粗差的系统诊断方法，以C语言为基础，开发了相应的诊断模块，并给出算例，检验了模块的有效性，为检验导线闭合差是否超限提供了方便。

Presently, the software of simulating network's experiment has beendeveloped all have characteristics, such as singular function, badflexibility, difficult updating and maintenance, poor expansibility,etc.

目前，已有的网络实验的模拟软件普遍存在着功能单一、灵活性差、更新维护难、扩展性差等特点。

Results show that amplitude of displacement excited by vertical incidence wave is larger than that excited by inclined incidence wave and not influenced greatly by the incidence angle. In vertical incidence, amplitudes of displacement of two points at the same altitude along each cavern are basically identical and maximum relative displacement occurs between top and bottom point of the cavern. While in the case of inclined incidence, displacement amplitude on sides meeting the wave is larger than that on leed sides, and maximum relative displacement occurs on left skewback and bottom of the cavern.

结果表明，位移幅值受入射角度的影响不敏感，竖直入射比斜入射情况要大；竖直入射时，各洞室两侧同一高程处的位移幅值基本相同，相对位移差最大部位为洞顶与洞底，而斜入射时迎波面比背波面一侧位移大，且相对位移差最大部位为洞室迎波面的左拱座与洞底。

The result indicated: Although pressure through membrane of UF system has get some recovery (from 0.022MPa to 0.089MPa). The effect of sodium hyposulfite cleaning is not good.

结果表明：由膜污染引起的膜压差得到一定程度的恢复（由0.16MPa降到0.075MPa），酸洗效果较好，次氯酸钠清洗效果较差。

We use the solution on the fine-grid space to produce a more accuracy of the solution.

最后再利用上面求得的细网格节点上的差分解对非线性项作更精确的近似，得到更加精确的差分解。

If the neighborhood of equation solution is solvable and meets the point- by-point Lipschitz condition, stable boundary could be obtained as the convergence of the difference method is realized, and thus the stability is ensured.

方程解的邻近如果可解并具备逐点Lipschitz条件，则差分法收敛必有稳定界存在，从而差分格式收敛性保证其稳定性，因此可以放弃线性这一重要条件。

The consistency of the scheme is analyzed and the necessary condition of stability is proved by the spectral analysis.

分析了差分格式的相容性，通过谱分析证明了差分格式的稳定性。

At present, for the linear mixed model with two variance components, literatures only discuss the necessary and sufficient conditions for the spectral decomposition esti-mators are equivalent to ANOVAE.

一般情况下，混合模型的方差分量都是非负的，因此方差分量的估计也应该是非负的才是合理的估计。

Dynamic reliability under Littlewood-Paley wavelet is the biggest, dynamic reliability under modified meyerwavelet and harmonic wavelet are close. Analyzing the dynamic reliability of structure under odd exponent wavelet is very simple, it doesn't calculate Power Spectral Density function integral, it is only to calculate the square of displacement standard deviation and the square of velocity, then the dynamic reliability of structure can be concluded by max distribution. In addition the effects of upper limit is considered, when upper limit is smaller, the dynamic reliability of structure is less, that is, the damage possibility is bigger.

通过结构地震反应在小波基下的动力可靠性分析说明：无论是单自由度还是多自由度从理论上推导在这四种小波下的结构动力可靠性是可行的，而且考虑的结构地震反应都是非平稳的高斯过程，方法实现也比较容易；在Littlewood—Paley小波基下求得的结构的动力可靠度比较大，由改造的meyer小波和谐波小波求得的动力可靠度略有差异；单边指数小波下的结构动力可靠性分析非常简单，不用求功率谱函数来积分，只需求得结构地震反应的位移方差，速度方差，利用最大值分布公式就可得到结构的动力可靠时程；另外也考虑了超越界限对结构动力可靠度的影响，超越界限越小，结构的动力可靠度越小，即破坏概率越大。

Dynamic reliability under Littlewood-Paley wavelet is the biggest, dynamic reliability under modified meyerwavelet and harmonic wavelet are close. Analyzing the dynamic reliability of structure under odd exponent wavelet is very simple, it doesnt calculate Power Spectral Density function integral, it is only to calculate the square of displacement standard deviation and the square of velocity, then the dynamic reliability of structure can be concluded by max distribution. In addition the effects of upper limit is considered, when upper limit is smaller, the dynamic reliability of structure is less, that is, the damage possibility is bigger.

通过结构地震反应在小波基下的动力可靠性分析说明：无论是单自由度还是多自由度从理论上推导在这四种小波下的结构动力可靠性是可行的，而且考虑的结构地震反应都是非平稳的高斯过程，方法实现也比较容易；在Littlewood—Paley小波基下求得的结构的动力可靠度比较大，由改造的meyer小波和谐波小波求得的动力可靠度略有差异；单边指数小波下的结构动力可靠性分析非常简单，不用求功率谱函数来积分，只需求得结构地震反应的位移方差，速度方差，利用最大值分布公式就可得到结构的动力可靠时程；另外也考虑了超越界限对结构动力可靠度的影响，超越界限越小，结构的动力可靠度越小，即破坏概率越大。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。