差

For the expectation and variance of both the integer ambiguity solution and the baseline fixed-solution, their calculation formulas are introduced in this section.

对于模糊度整数解的期望和方差以及基线位置参数固定解的期望和方差，本文也介绍了其计算方法和相应的计算公式。

In order to discuss the property of the ambiguity residual error vector, the joint probability density function between the integer ambiguity solution and the ambiguity residual error vector is also introduced in this section.

为了讨论模糊度残差向量的性质，本文也介绍了模糊度整数解和模糊度残差向量的联合概率密度函数。

A standard control chart based on probability integral transform theory is given, which can be used to control process mean and variance efficiently in the low volume manufacturing.

用概率积分变换理论，给出了控制过程均值、过程方差的标准化控制图，适用于小批量生产环境下对过程均值、过程方差的有效控制。

So we need consider the effects of the earth curvature. In global integration, the requirement of the data coverage and the computation are comparative high. In this thesis, a moving coordinate system is used to overcome the effects of the earth curvature. And a differential calculation concept is proposed that assumes the difference of geoid calculated between the central point and its marginal point is constant when the integration area is far away from the central point.

论文中提出了利用柱体积分时采用移动坐标系来顾及地球弯曲的影响，并利用差分的概念，设想离计算区域到一定距离后，流动点对计算区域内的中心点和边缘点的影响之差为一常数，并用试验的方法，统计分析了它们对大地水准面的有效积分拓展范围。

Firstly,the minimum interclass variance method was improved to obtain the optimal segmentation threshold of difference image quickly,and then,the region growing method was used to segment the target.

首先对最小类内方差法进行改进，快速确定差分图像的最佳分割阈值，再用区域生长法分割得到目标。

Based on the principle of Otsu method with maximum variance between threshold algorithm of image segmentation, an improved method derived from Otsu algorithm is put forward, which combines interclass distance with intraclass distance, a partial recursive algorithm is used to search optimum threshold.

基于最大类间方差阈值图像分割算法的基本原理，然后结合目标与背景两类之间间距和类内距离对图像分割效果的影响，提出了一种改进的最大类间方差法，运用递归思想局部搜索图像的最佳阈值。

Thirdly, the data interfusion technology and automatic test is presented. And then, the theories of operation of the sensor and the hardware, the function descriptions of the software and the function and capability criterions of acapacitive intelligent differential pressure transmitter are presented.

在HBCC/HBYC系列智能差压变送器的研制中，研究了电容式智能差压变送器的传感器和硬件工作原理，软件的功能描述，变送器的功能和性能规范，以及软件设计的总体方案。

Numerical experiments show that the updating algorithm by using intergeneration differential and chaotic mutation (algorithm 8) is a good selection. Simultaneously, the updating effect is perfect when the updated particles are about 20%.

通过数值实验得出基于代间差分和混沌变异的粒子更新算法（即算法8）是一种很好的选择，并且当性能较差的20%左右粒子按照这种算法更新时效果较好。

In traditional finite difference schemes polynomial interpolation and divided differences have been taken to approximate the derivatives.

传统的差分格式用多项式插值和差商近似导数。

The S box was constituted with the multiplication inverse element affined transformation in GF(2) of all elements of limited field GF(28),with S box s nonlinear byte changed,ciphered text attained the ideal status of the even of difference and the linear of deviation,and increased the capability of the AES algorithm of anti beating the difference cipher of analysis and linear cipher of analysis.

S盒由有限域G F(28)上所有元素的乘法逆元及在域G F(2)上的仿射变换构成，经过S盒的非线性字节代换，密文的差分均匀性和线性偏差都达到较理想的状态，提高了A E S算法抗击差分密码分析及线性密码分析的能力。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。