差

A method for identifying the damage, using the influence line curvature of deflection differential values at a point before and after the damage is proposed, that is, when the moving load is in the area without the damage, the influence line curvature is zero, however when the moving load is in the area with the damage, the influence line curvature evidently increases and has the relationship with the positions of the damage points and the rigidity of the beam before and after the damage.

提出利用损伤前、后某一点的挠度差值影响线曲率来识别损伤的方法，即当移动荷载位于无损区域时，挠度差值影响线曲率为0，当移动荷载位于有损区域时，挠度差值影响线曲率明显增大，且与损伤点的位置、损伤前后的刚度有关。

This paper presents an efficient approach of designing a special dome and its aberration corrector, using the method of Wassermann-Wolf differential equations to generate the optimum contour of the corrector through a macro in CODE V. This corrector reduces spherical aberration and coma which are introduced by the dome and improves the imaging quality of the system.

本文提出了一种有效的特殊整流罩及其像差校正器的设计方法，运用Wassermann-Wolf微分方程组的原理，通过在CODE V中编译宏程序曲面拟合的方法得到校正器最佳面形，从而可以校正整流罩引入的球差、彗差，使系统成像质量得到较大的改善。

In this case, the received carrier is modulated by unknown Doppler frequency and frequency rate. The estimation techniques as maximum likelihood estimator and extended Kalman filter are described and compared in our dissertation by tracking a common simulated highdynamic trajectory.

文中详细推导了任意信噪比情况下，时延和多普勒频率估计的方差下限表达式：在信噪比高于门限信噪比的情况下，具体推导了估计方差的Cramer-Rao限；在信噪比低于门限信噪比时，估计的方差下限还与失锁概率有关。

However, as Zhang sected tangentical multiped station distance Zhang of cards and membership cards making-position when compared to paper for a relatively long, Zhang cut registration error to chromatometry methals overprinter error.

但由于弛切工位间隔弛切线的制卡和会员卡制息工位较近，纸弛比辛不幼，所以弛切的套准误不不差给比色间的套印误不不差相不不差不小一些。

By using the above conclusions the nondegeneracy condition of systems without steady errors is analyzed successfully.

利用上面的结果，成功地分析了结构无静差问题的非蜕化条件；证明了非蜕化条件不但是实现结构无静差的充分条件之一，而且还是实现结构无静差的必要条件。

At present,the hybridization of Differential Evolution with local search method confines to DE with a crossover based local search method.A novel differential evolution algorithm with best-individual based Local Search strategy is proposed.In LSDE,a normal distribution operator is introduced to automatically modify search length,and time-varying factors are introduced to modify the two parameters of DE.

针对目前差分进化与局部搜索相结合仅局限于基于交叉的局部搜索的方法，提出了一种基于最佳个体局部搜索策略的差分进化算法，并引入正态分布算子自动调整搜索步长和时变差分进化因子调整DE的两个参数。

The analysis of the components and contents of volatile material indicated that fruit of apples treated with 2 and 4ml/kg of ethanol increased the content and kinds of the characteristic volatile and improved flavor and quality in apple, while the fruit treated with 6ml/kg of ethanol produced higher contents of volatile material and developed off-flavor. Fruit of'Yar'pear treated with 2 and 4ml/kg of ethanol increased the sweet taste and aroma, but higher ethanol concentration showed off-flavor.

对苹果挥发性物质成分的分析表明，2及4ml/kg的乙醇处理增加了苹果特征风味挥发性物质的组分及含量，使水果呈现果香和花香，改善了苹果的品质，而6ml/kg的乙醇处理也能增加苹果果香，但由于强烈果香味的乙酸乙酯等组分在所增加的挥发性物质中所占比例较大，果实呈现浓烈的果香，并使果实的在口中的余味较差，在感官评价中稍差。2和4ml/kg的乙醇处理增加鸭梨甜味，并具有清爽的果香味，而高剂量的乙醇处理余味较差。4ml/kg乙醇处理，在挥发性物质组分数量上与对照差异不大，但却使乙醇形成酯类增加，使鸭梨果实呈现浓郁的果香。

The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:1 A station orthogonal coordinate system, which is the reference coordinate system for the three-dimension adjustment of observation data of GPS dam deformation monitoring network, has been put forward.

主要包括内容以下：(1)提出了以站心地平坐标系作为GPS大坝三维变形监测网平差的参考坐标系，推导了在该坐标系下GPS大坝三维变形监测网平差的数学模型及公式；采用拟稳平差的方法对GPS大坝三维变形监测网观测数据进行处理。

Several strategies including strategy of difference space, strategy of group which is discussed in detail, strategy of backdating, strategy of convergence, are used synthetically to implement the packing algorithm and to realize the continuous orthogonal decomposition of the packing space.

其后论述了实现算法的各种策略，包括差空间(第一差空间、第二差空间)策略、群组策略、回溯策略、收敛空间策略等，并详细阐述了群组的定义、方式、约束及算法等；各种布局策略的综合运用，使布局能按空间正交分解的方式持续进行。

A study on the essential condition and development path of the difference strategy of cities is in this context.

探讨差异化战略作为21世纪城市在全球化背景下发展路径的可能性，通过建立差异化模型对城市发展战略竞争绩效进行分析，研究了实施城市差异化发展的必要条件和途径。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。