巩膜

METHODS: Sixty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: 6 rats in normal control group, 6 rats in EGb treating normal IOP group, and the other 48 rats were established chronic high IOP models of rats by cauterizing two episcleral veins. n 30 rats satisfying experimental level were selected and randomly divided into five groups: 6 rats in physiological brine treating group, and the other 24 rats were divided into four experimental groups according to the dose of EGb: group A, EGb 50mg/; group B, EGb 100mg/; group C, EGb 150mg/; and group D EGb 200mg/. After the treating time of 1 month, the rats were sacrificed on schedule. Flat preparation of whole retinaes was stained distinctively and neuron counting in retinal ganglion cell layer from both eyes of each rat were performed to evaluate neuron situation.

取健康SD大鼠60只，正常对照组和正常银杏叶组各6只，其余48只采用烧烙法，烙闭大鼠左眼2条浅层巩膜静脉，制作大鼠持续性高眼压模型，从中选出眼压稳定在实验要求水平的大鼠30只，随机分为生理盐水组，治疗A组（每日EGb 50mg/kg）、治疗B 组（每日EGb 100mg/kg）、治疗C 组（每日EGb 150mg/kg）、治疗D 组（每日EGb 200mg/kg），治疗时间为1mo，处死大鼠后做视网膜全层铺片，对RGCL神经元做特异性染色后行神经元计数来评估神经元的情况。

Methods The chronic ocular hypertention rat model was made by cauterizating three episcleral veins.Rats were divided into control group,high level PROG group,middle level PROG group,low level PROG group according to different concentrations of PROG injected intraperitoneally.The left eye was model eye and the right eye was control eye.Three months later,the animals were executed and the eyeballs were enucleated.The RGCs were detected by HE staining and Thy-1.1 immunohistological staining.

通过烧灼3条巩膜上静脉制作慢性高眼压动物模型，此模型按腹腔注射不同浓度的孕酮而分为高、中、低浓度孕酮注射组及空白对照组，左眼为模型眼，右眼为自身对照眼，3个月后处死动物，取眼球制石蜡切片，行HE染色、Thy-1.1免疫组化染色及TUNEL原位凋亡检测。

Animals were in normal control group,6animals were in normal treated group (tPNS200mg/kg) The others were cauterized three episcleral vessels and were divided as experimental groups: groupA (50mg/kg), groupB(100mg/kg), groupC(150mg/kg), groupD (200mg/kg)and group treated by normal saline.Rat were sacrificed on schedule.

健康SD大鼠42只，其中6只为正常对照组，6只为正常用药组(三七总皂苷200mg/kg)，其余30只采Akira法，烙闭大鼠右眼上巩膜静脉，制作大鼠持续性高眼压模型，随机分为生理盐水组，量效关系组分别予tPNS 50mg/kg，100mg/kg，150mg/kg，200mg/kg进行治疗一个月。

IOP was elevated by episcleral vein cauterization prior to the application of different treatments: PBS application, intraperitoneal administration of brimonidine, topical application of latanoprost, and latanoprost combined with brimonidine.

在给予不同治疗之前，先以巩膜上静脉烧灼术升高眼压。

RESULTS:①The cells showed fusiform shape, reticulate at low density and fasciculate at high density under inverted phase contrast microscope. Mouse anti-Vimentin was positive.

结果：①巩膜成纤维细胞鉴定：倒置相差显微镜下观察，细胞透亮呈梭形，在细胞密度较低时细胞排列成网状，密度较高时呈束状；波形蛋白染色阳性。

The face is paralytic can happen at all ages, but 15~45 year old the commonnest, come on the peak is reached inside over number hour or 1~3 D, can incline the head unhealthily at the beginning of disease or ache after mandible horn, expression breaks down for flesh of a side countenance, frontal grain disappears, the eye is cracked greaten or close faint, when closing a key point, eyeball up foreign and rotational, show white sclerotic, call Bell the phenomenon, channel of ill side nose lip becomes shallow, quarrel prolapse, side of crooked Xiang Jian of the quarrel when grinningly, rouse cheek or whistle hourglass is enraged, the food when taking food often stops to age at ill side buccal between, at the same time companion has weep reach salivate.

面麻痹可发生于所有年龄，但15~45岁最常见，发病多于数小时或1~3 d内达到高峰，病初可有病侧耳或下颌角后疼痛，表现为一侧面部表情肌瘫痪、额纹消失、眼裂变大或闭合无力，闭眼时，眼球向上外方转动，露出白色巩膜，称Bell现象，病侧鼻唇沟变浅，口角下垂，露齿时口角歪向健侧，鼓腮或吹口哨时漏气，进食时食物常滞留于病侧齿颊之间，同时伴有流泪及流涎。

Scleral tunnel incision is an ideal treatment for severe hyphema.

经巩膜隧道切口手术治疗重度前房积血是理想的治疗方式。

To find out about technologies that are truly "over the horizon" in refractive surgery, we introduce several surgical methods and new trend in the future. These include intracorneal rings, laser thermal keratoplasty, phakic in traocular lens, pico-second intrastromal laser, conductive keratoplasty,scleric expansion devices and customized LASIK.

本文整理介绍数种手术方法：包括有角膜内环扣、高温雷射角膜塑型术、眼内镜片植入术、角膜基质中光雷射、传导式角膜塑形术、巩膜扩张术、完全雷射层状角膜型术以及未来雷射角膜屈光手术之趋势。

Eleven, 22 and 21 cases subject to re-operation respectively received intravitreous pneumatic retinopexy, scleral buckling procedure and vitrectomy, and the successful rate was 72.7%, 90.9% and 85.7% respectively.

再次手术11只眼行玻璃体腔注气术，22只眼行巩膜扣带术，21只眼行玻璃体切除术，其成功率分别为72.7%、90.9%和85.7%。

Objective To explore the cases of plateau anterior chamber after trabeculectomy,slerectoiridectomy and iridencleisis.

目的 讨论小梁切除术、巩膜咬切术和虹膜嵌顿术后浅前房的原因和发生情况。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。