巨核

Some investigations suggested that cyclins and CDK played an important role in the regulation of endomitosis of megakaryocyte. However, the mechanism of cyclins and CDK in the regulation of endomitosis of fetal megakaryocytes during ontogenesis and the relationship between cyclins/CDK and retardation of endomitosis of fetal mgakaryocyte is totally unknown.

一些研究发现周期蛋白和CDK在巨核细胞核内有丝分裂的调控上起重要作用，然而，周期蛋白和 CDK在胎儿巨核细胞核内有丝分裂调控上所起的作用，及其与胎儿巨核细胞核内复制延迟的关系目前全然不知。

But the role of TPO on megakaryocyte growth and development and the expression of TPO mRNA in human bone marrow are not well known.

为进一步了解TPO在巨核细胞—血小板生长发育过程中所起的作用，本文就TPO在体外培养过程中对巨核细胞生成的影响，对基质细胞以及血小板减少症患者骨髓中TPO mRNA的表达进行了研究探索。

PLT count,total number and differentiating count of megakaryocyte,and serum TPO and TGF-β1 levels were measured 0,4,8,12,16,20,24 and 28 days after KD induction.

结果实验组血小板、巨核细胞总数、产板巨核细胞百分数于第12，16，20，24，28天，TPO水平于第8，12，16，20，28天，TGF-β1阳性率和积分值于第16，20，24，28天较正常对照组明显升高(P.05)。

Objective To investigate the clinical significance and changes of the megakaryocyte and 4 indexes blood platelet parameters of patients with megakaryocyte mature hindrance.

目的 探讨巨核细胞成熟障碍患者巨核细胞、血小板 4项参数改变及其临床意义。

In one respect, this is because the proportion of megakaryocyte in fetal liver and bone marrow are low and it is very difficult to obtain enough megakaryocytes.

这一方面是由于骨髓中巨核细胞含量极少，相对来说胎儿体内含量则更少，要获得大量巨核细胞极为困难。

Objective: Our purpose was to investigate if there are spontaneous megakaryocyte growth in liquid culture in vitro in patients with myeloproliferative disorders who had spontaneous megakaryocyte colony formation.

目的：观察有自发性巨核细胞集落形成的骨髓增殖性疾病患者，其液体培养是否也有自发性巨核细胞生长。

The results indicated that in the FNAC smears of mediastinal tumor, neutropilic myelocyte, neutropilic metamyelocyte, neutropilic stab granulocyte and neutropilic segmented granulocyte were observed in granulocytic series; early normoblast, polychromatic normoblast and orthochromatic normoblast were observed in erythrocytic series; and granular megakaryocyte, thromocytogenic megakaryocyte, scattered platelet and matured lymphocyte also were observed. Cell morphology and distribution in different stages were are similar to that in bone marrow smear, and these cells belong to the extra-medullary hemopoietic tissue.

结果表明：纵隔肿块的细针抽吸活组织的细胞学涂片显示粒系细胞中可见中性中幼粒细胞、中性晚幼粒细胞、中性杆状粒细胞、中性分叶核粒细胞；红系细胞中可见早幼红细胞、中幼红细胞、晚幼红细胞；并可见颗粒巨核细胞、产血小板的巨核细胞、散在血小板及成熟淋巴细胞；细胞形态及各期细胞分布与骨髓片相似，为髓外造血组织。

To investigate the morphological changes of megakaryocytes with nuclear extrusion and nucleocytoplasmic separation, the morphological characteristics of megakaryocytes in peripheral blood films, bone marrow smears, and bone marrow biopsies from 4 newly diagnosed patients with primary myelofibrosis, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (M2) and erythroleukemia (M6) were studied by using light microscope.

为了观察巨核细胞逸核和胞核胞质连体分离的形态学变化，用光镜观察4例初诊血液病患者的血片、骨髓涂片和骨髓切片中巨核细胞形态特征。4例初诊血液病患者为1例原发性骨髓纤维化，1例骨髓增生异常综合征，1例急性粒细胞白血病部分成熟型(M2)和1例红白血病(M6)。

Megakaryocytes in fetal liver and bone marrow are small sized during ontogenesis and remain so until a few months after delivery .

在胚胎发育时期，无论是胎肝造血还是骨髓造血，巨核细胞形态均较小，直到出生后几个月，仍小于成人的巨核细胞。

Objetive:To investigate the histopathological features and detect the mutation of JAK2V617F in PV、ET and IMF;to analyze the effects of the stages of myelofibrosis and the mutation on the number of leucocyte in PV and ET patients;Methods: the morphological features of 69 patients who dignosed in the first time were studied by HGF and Gomori stains ; the mutation of JAK2V617F was detected in 38 blood or marrow samples of PV、ET and IMF patients by real-time PCR;the effects of the stages of myelofibrosis and the mutation on leucocytes were analyzed;Results: Different stages of reticulin were observed in 15 PV and 15 ET patiens'marrow sections,and the cytosis、the pleomorphism and the bone trabecula side location of megakaryocytes were observed in all PV、ET and IMF patients;the means of leucocyte in patients with and without JAK2V617F were 20.4×109/Land 11.4×109/L respectively;the P value was 0.367 as comparing the leucocytes among different stages of reticulin increasing.

目的：探讨PV、ET、IMF患者的骨髓病理特点并且检测JAK2V617F突变的发生率，分析骨髓中纤维增生程度以及JAK2V617F对PV、ET患者白细胞数的影响；方法：69例初诊患者的骨髓切片经HGF染色以及Gomori染色后进行形态学研究；并利用real-time PCR法测38例患者的骨髓或者外周血的JAK2V617F突变；分析骨髓切片中纤维组织增生程度以及JAK2突变对患者白细胞数的影响；结果：15例PV和15例ET患者的骨髓切片中可以观察到不同程度的纤维组织增生，所有PV、ET、IMF患者骨髓病理中可见到巨核细胞增多、巨核细胞多形性改变以及巨核细胞定位于骨小梁旁；12例PV、4例ET、4例IMF中检测到JAK2V617F；有突变和无突变患者发病时白细胞数均值分别为20.4×109/L和11.4×109/L，比较不同纤维增生程度的PV、ET患者的白细胞数均值，P值为0.367。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷