工艺过程

Based on the success of the industrialization of the process of catalytic distillation of methyl acetate hydrolysis, the new process of catalytic distillation of methyl acetate and methanol azeotrope hydrolysis and related fundamental research were studied.

本文在催化精馏水解工艺工业化成功的基础上，进行了醋酸甲酯和甲醇共沸物催化精馏水解新工艺及其相关基础研究，以进一步改进工艺，达到简化流程及节能降耗的目的，同时建立起催化精馏过程模拟和设计的理论体系，为中试及将来的工业化打下了坚实的基础。

This invention discloses a new technology for preparing rear earth ionic doped fiber prefabricated rods with DC-RTA technology in a sol-gel method including preparing sol containing necessary doped ions, coating said sol uniformly on the inner wall of the quartz glass tube and burning it under high temperature to coagulate and vitrify them to a doped layer and repeating the above process to form a fiber prefabricated rod by oxygen and hydrogen flame after the doped layer reaches to a designed thickness and the fiber prefabricated rod can be made to various rare earth ionic doped fibers by an ordinary drawbench technology.

本发明属于光纤制造和光纤激光技术领域，具体公开了一种利用溶胶凝胶方法中的DC-RTA技术制备稀土离子掺杂光纤预制棒的新工艺。该工艺步骤包括预先配制好含有所需掺杂离子的溶胶，将该溶胶均匀涂覆在石英玻璃管的内壁后高温灼烧，使之凝结并玻璃化为一层掺杂层。反复上述涂覆灼烧过程，在掺杂层达到设计厚度后由氢氧焰高温收棒形成光纤预制棒。该方法所得到的光纤预制棒可以通过普通拉丝工艺拉制成各类稀土离子掺杂光纤。

First, a chlorinator was self-designed in this paper, and dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was synthesized by 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with chlorine fast in this reactor. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the yield and selectivity of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-prop-ene were more than 65% and 80% respectively. Second, the preparation of 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol, which dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with alkali was investigated. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the conversion of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was 100%. Moreover the preparation of MPO, which 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol reacted with hydrogen, in presence of Al_2O_3-Pd catalyst, was gotten, and the product was appraised.

本文在氯化反应过程中，自行设计制作出了氯化管式反应器，在该反应器中异丁烯和氯气迅速混合反应生成二氯异丁烯，根据该氯化反应特征利用正交试验和单因素试验考察了有关因素的影响并优化得到了最佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的总收率达65％以上，选择性达80％；接着，对二氯异丁烯进行水解反应制得了2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇，讨论了相关因素对水解反应的影响，并通过正交试验和单因素试验得到了较佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的转化率达100％；同时还对制备的2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇在常压下采用三氧化二铝负载钯催化剂催化加氢得目的产物MPO，并对产品进行了鉴定，从而打通了整个工艺路线。

The conventional process for the synthesis of rubber antioxidant 4020 from the 4-anino diphenylamine and methyl isobutyl ketone under high pressure can be replaced by a new three-step process using p -aminophenol, methyl-isobutyl ketone, formic acid and aniline as raw materials.

以橡胶防老剂4020合成新工艺小试条件为依据，完成了放大试验过程的工艺研究，改变了传统的在高压下以较大分子为原料合成橡胶防老剂4020的工艺路线。

This research presented a new guide mechanism and belt driving theory of the abrasive band polishing for inner aperture, satisfied the driving requirement of abrasive belt leading smoothly into grinding area, realized the band grinding and band polishing of inner aperture, developed a abrasive band polishing headstock for of the ball track of ball bearing and roller bearing individually adopting a way of curvature concave oscillating and vibrating, researched the process regular and fundamental process method and parameter of abrasive band polishing of ball track. The results of experiments and tests showed that the surface roughness of ball track by abrasive band polishing can reach Ra0.02μm, and the original geometric cross section shape precision of ball track can be kept.

本项研究提出了砂带研抛内孔的新型导引机构和传带原理，满足了砂带平稳导入内孔磨削区的传动要求，实现了内孔的砂带磨削和研抛；研制了采用弧面摆动和振动方式分别用于球轴承滚道和滚柱轴承滚道研抛的砂带研抛头架；研究了轴承滚道砂带研抛的工艺规律和基本工艺方法、工艺参数；实验测试结果，轴承滚道砂带研抛的表面粗糙度达Ra0.02μm，研抛过程保持了滚道的原始几何截面形状精度。

We get the optimum process scheme which is suitable for the unit, through analysising and comparising different absorption schemes in the incipience of running of PSA. As to different operation conditions during pressure swing absorption actual operating, we propose to refer absorption cycle time, hydrogen yield and recovery rate as target of process characteristic, study and find out the interrelation between process parameters which influences each other and controls guideline; Through optimizing process conditions, we find out the best operation clicking in actual production, then confirm the best range of absorption cycle time, which make hydrogen yield of plant, hydrogen products purity and hydrogen recovery rate come up to the production requirement at the same time.

通过装置运行初期对不同吸附方案的分析、比较，选出适合本套装置的最优方案，针对变压吸附实际运行过程中的不同生产条件，提出了吸附时间、氢气产量和氢气回收率作为工艺条件研究的主要对象，找出相互影响的工艺参数和控制指标的相互关系；通过对工艺条件的优化，找出实际生产中最佳操作点，确定吸附时间的最佳范围，使装置氢气产量、氢产品纯度和氢气回收率同时满足生产要求，并对影响氢气回收率的其他因素进行了阐述，对优化操作提出建议。

During the semi-solid die casting processing, appropriate semi-solid casting parameters and the sizes of ingate area were researched ,also, the microstructures and mechanical properties of the component in semi-solid die casting processing were investigated .And effects of casting parameters on the performances of the component in semi-solid die casting processing and heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of components made of A1 alloy were observed. A reasonable processing for an eligible semi-solid component in practice was basically obtained.

在压铸零件的过程中，找寻合适的压铸工艺参数，以及模具内浇口设计，对成形铸件进行了组织观察、性能测定与分析；研究了压铸工艺参数对半固态成形零件成形性能的影响以及热处理对铝合金零件组织和力学性能的影响；基本上获得了在实际生产条件下压铸出合格的半固态零件的合理的工艺路线。

Separation and recovery process principles of tail gases in producing dimethyl phosphite were introduced; Separation and recovery courses of hydrogen chloride and methyl chloride in tail gases were also analyzed. The percent recovery for hydrogen chloride and methyl chloride is over 99.9% and 93%, respectively, by using the process of combining stage recycle of solvent with lower temperature.

介绍了亚磷酸二甲酯生产中尾气回收的工艺原理，对尾气中氯化氢及氯甲烷的分离回收过程进行了分析；提出了采用吸收剂分段循环和降温相结合的回收工艺，将此工艺应用于3万t/a的亚磷酸二甲酯的生产装置的尾气回收上，可使氯化氢的回收率达99.9%，氯甲烷的回收率达93%以上，盐酸质量分数大于30%，尾气中氯甲烷的质量分数小于5%。

According to the above study results, especially the steady operation of two-sludge system（2A/O+N 2SBR）, it can be proved that denitrification and excess phosphorus uptake are relatively independent and intersectant biological processes. The overlap is that denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteriawhich possesses the two bacterial metabolisms, could utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor for phosphorus uptake. The two-sludge system can not only combined biological phosphorus removal and denitrification processes to form a process in practical wastwater treatment , but also solved the main difficulties of current single-sludge systems:①the sludge age competition between phosphorus removing bacteria and nitrifier;② the substrate competition between denitrification and dephosphatation.

以上的研究结果，尤其是时间序列的双泥生物反硝化除磷脱氮系统工艺（2A/O+N 2SBR法）的稳定运行，不仅证明了生物脱氮与生物除磷是两个既相对独立又相互交叉的生理过程，其交叉点是同时拥有硝酸盐还原性和超量吸磷这两种生化特性的细菌进行的反硝化吸磷脱氮生化反应，而且双泥系统工艺克服了常规单泥生物脱氮除磷工艺的两大问题（①聚磷菌和硝化菌的SRT相互干扰；②反硝化与生物除磷竞争VFA），同时保证了脱氮和除磷效果，排水指标达到污水综合排水标准（GB8978-1996）的一级标准，具有实际工程使用价值。

Vision analysis, as proven in many applications such as polystyrene bead manufacturing, sugar crystal growth, cell growth, and abrasive manufacturing to name a few, provides an extra dimension to process analytics that enables the process engineer to make evaluations based on his own expertise and to use this information to better set software parameters that enable the system to more accurately analyze and control the process.

视觉分析早已成功应用于许多领域，例如聚苯乙烯粒子制造，糖结晶生长，细胞生长，研磨制造，等等。为工艺分析过程提供了全新的视角，让工艺工程师可以根据自己的专业知识作出评估，然后用这个信息更好地设置软件参数，让系统更精确地分析和控制工艺。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。