工艺过程

Main contributions and achievements are as follows:A general non-equilibrium rigorous model for RDP is developed in this thesis. Based on the pseudo-homogenous assumption, two main factors reaction and separation are de-coupled, and an RDP model with the same format as that for a traditional distillation process is established. To solve the model with a large number of algebraic equations, modified M-K equations with tri-diagonal matrix form are developed based on the improved Separation Efficiency Functions, which greatly increases the iteration efficiency. This thesis also develops a general reactive distillation dynamic model. Through splitting of the differential variables based on SEFS, large-scaled differential algebraic equations can be solved with the improved Gear's algorithm which makes the dynamic model suitable for the on-line application. A simulation platform for the control loop design and evaluation of RDP by introducing control system equations into the dynamic model is also developed.A lactic acid purification pilot-scale RDP is investigated.

论文对热点问题——反应精馏过程的建模与优化控制相关技术进行了深入的研究，取得了一系列成果：1、建立了反应精馏过程机理模型，基于拟均相假设，将反应和分离过程进行解耦，推导出反应精馏过程的非平衡级稳态模型和动态模型，通过引入推广的分离效率函数，对模型变量进行了合理划分，显著提高了模型求解效率；将动态模型和控制系统方程结合，建立了反应精馏过程控制系统研究的辅助工具。2、全面分析了乳酸提纯反应精馏新工艺试验装置，利用本文建立的过程机理模型，对该试验装置进行了稳态和动态性能分析及水力学核算；设计和分析了单边质量控制方案，比较了间接和直接物料平衡控制两种方案的控制性能。

Based on the success of the industrialization of the process of catalytic distillation of methyl acetate hydrolysis, the new process of catalytic distillation of methyl acetate and methanol azeotrope hydrolysis and related fundamental research were studied. These can make further improvement on the process in order to simplify the process and reduce the energy-consumed of the recovery system. In addition, theoretical system of the simulation and design the catalytic distillation process were established, which can provide the basis of the pilot plant and industrialization in the future.

本文在催化精馏水解工艺工业化成功的基础上，进行了醋酸甲酯和甲醇共沸物催化精馏水解新工艺及其相关基础研究，以进一步改进工艺，达到简化流程及节能降耗的目的，同时建立起催化精馏过程模拟和设计的理论体系，为中试及将来的工业化打下了坚实的基础。

At first, the rought C〓F〓 mixed gases are obtained by pyrolysis process of R22. A experimental pyrolysis device is designed and made by ourself. The optimum operating conditions are offered in the paper. Secondly, the much efforts is on the synthesis of R134. After through the discussion of basic thermodynamics and kinetics, selecting and preparating catalyst, it is possible that the synthesis of R134 by pyrolyzed gases hydrogenation. Base on the character of catalytic process, the kinetics equation about C〓F〓 catalytic hydrogenation is established. The rate constant of the reaction is obtained through experiment data regression. In order to achieve higher yield of R134, some optimum technological conditions is determined.

论文首先对R22裂解制成四氟乙烯混合原料气的裂解过程进行了讨论，自行设计和制作裂解反应装置，并确定裂解反应的最佳操作条件；然后，重点对R134的合成进行基础研究，分别从热力学和动力学的角度探讨以含四氟乙烯的R22裂解混合气为原料合成R134这一全新工艺的可能性，选择和制备加氢催化剂，根据催化过程特点建立四氟乙烯催化加氢反应的总包动力学方程，并在此基础上自行设计和制作中试合成装置，获得了以裂解混合气为原料合成R134的最佳工艺条件，为R134的工业化生产提供了必要的理论依据和实验基础。

On this paper, the pulse electrochemical compound finishing technology parameters which influence the finishing surface roughness was paid attention to, such parameters include the pulse frequency, the duty factor, the peak voltage, the finishing time and so on. Then basic craft rule of two kinds of mold material in finishing process were obtained, and each kind of parameter in this craft was optimized by means of the orthogonal experiments.

在此基础上，重点考察了脉冲电化学复合光整加工过程中各工艺参数对光整后表面粗糙度的影响，如：脉冲频率、占空比、峰值电压、光整时间等，由此获得了这两种模具材料在整个过程中的基本工艺规律，并通过正交试验对光整加工中的各参数进行优化。

The company has three zinc platings and two colors to scribble the continuous production line at present , allocates advanced childbirth is equipped with and adopt the advanced productive technology, allocate detecting equipment all in readiness and advanced detecting means at the same time, from the

公司目前有三条镀锌和二条彩涂连续生产线，都配备先进的生产装备和采用先进的生产工艺，同时配备齐全的检测设备和先进的检测手段，从原辅料到生产过程以至产成品的一系列过程都进行严格的质量控制，特别是经过全厂员工的上下努力，加上完善和科学的管理手段，使得公司的热浸镀锌钢带和彩色涂层钢带产品无论从外观质量以至到力学和工艺性能上都处于国内领先地位，尤其是薄钢带上的涂镀技术在国内为数不多的企业中占有一席之地。

Plackett-Burman experimental design and the uniform experimental design were used to select the main factors of the ball milling pretreatment of corn stalk. The experimental results were analyzed by data processing software and well-fitted regression equation was established. Effects of ball milling parameters, such as raw material diameter, speed, ratio of raw materials, grinding media and alternating time, on the enzymolysis were analyzed. The optimal parameters of ball milling pretreatment of the corn stalk were as follows: particle size of raw material of 0.5 mm, speed of 340 r/min, the raw material content of 3.4 g, the number of ball of 15 (Ф= 10.0 mm), alternating running time of 5 min.

研究了玉米秸秆水解过程中球磨预处理工艺的优化，采用Plackett- Burman 试验设计和均匀试验设计法，用数据处理软件对试验结果进行分析，筛选出了球磨预处理过程中的主要影响因素，得到了具有较好拟合度的回归方程；通过分析原料粒径，转速，原料填装量，研磨介质，交替时间等球磨条件对酶解效率的影响，得出行星式球磨机粉碎玉米秸秆的最佳工艺参数为：原料粒径0.5 mm，转速340 r/min，原料填装量3.4 g，装球量15个（Ф=10.0 mm），交替运行时间5 min。

By means of the plating technology and the system designed and made ourselves, we call them as the direct-heat evaporating roll-pulled with vacuum piston and the helix evaporating of straight heat-wire with the negative thermal specific resistance , the align polishing ring films and the separating ones of pure gold have been plated directly at the inner wall of the capillary of Sealed-off CO〓 laser.

简便有效地使器件的输出功率、光束品质、稳定性和使用寿命都得以提高的作用效果；分析了放电驱动催化机理及催化效果与器件参数、工作状态及其中的等离子体过程的对应关系，建立了数学模型，编程数值计算了放电管内正柱区中等离子体参数分布及其与器件工作外参数的关系；利用我们设计开发的直热式真空活塞卷拖和负阻直热丝螺旋蒸镀工艺及制作的系统，在封离型CO〓激光器毛细管玻璃内壁上直接镀制出了单质金的镜面环膜和离散膜，经理论分析和实验检验，指出美国专利4756000号的环金方案将导致器件工作特性的改变和恶化，降低效率；肯定了正柱区边界部分场对建立良好的激光振荡的作用意义，明确提出了①作为高品质器件设计基础的弥散膜催化剂；②高斯管型弦驻波振动定型磨制、检测的新概念及相应的制备加工工艺；实际制出了管子，测定了其基本的工作特性和初期过程。

According to the practical characteristics and parameters during hot finishing rolling process of aluminium alloy JP1235, a three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled elastic-plastic FEM model was established with the software Marc. And this model was used to simulate the rolling state of F1 stand without back tension. The lateral distribution of rolling force、contact friction force and other mechanic parameters were calculated. Meanwhile, simulated the rolling state considering the influence of mill tilt, and studied the distribution of the mechanics under this state, discussed the effect of mill tile on mechanic parameters and strip steering, which can provide some reference to steering control strategy.

根据JP1235铝合金板带热精轧过程的实际工艺特点和工艺参数，采用非线性有限元软件Marc，建立一个三维热力耦合弹塑性有限元模型，模拟了精轧机组第一机架（F1机架）失去后张力作用后的轧制状态，计算出轧制过程中轧制力、摩擦力等力能参数沿板宽方向上的分布情况，在此基础上，模拟初始轧辊倾斜影响下的轧制状态，并对该轧制状态下的力能参数分布情况进行研究，探讨轧辊倾斜对力能参数分布及跑偏规律的影响，为纠偏控制提供了一定的理论依据。

It solutes the problems well that the production scale is small, the efficiency is slow, the sanitation is poor, the quality and output are instable existing in the traditional production processes, laying a good condition for the automation, continuous development of the dried bean stick production.

项目简介：河南质源豆制品有限公司采用数控腐竹自动加工设备及生产工艺技术，通过数控接口来控制腐竹加工过程中的调浆、煮浆以及机械运输过程中的时间、温度和浓度，较好的解决了传统腐竹生产工艺中存在的生产规模小、效率低、卫生条件差、产量质量不稳定等诸多问题，为腐竹生产的自动化、连续化发展奠定了良好条件。

The data from lab milling test has referable guiding value for milling technology in rice mill. rice milling process,broken rice rate,change

在碾米过程中测定大米在制品的糙出白率和碎米率及其他参数变化，可以把握大米加工的工艺和品质的变化，有利于实施加工过程的工艺及品质管

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。