工程

This paper analyzes the international situation faced by international oil industry market though the summary of international project's development of Changqing Petroleum Bureau, discusses problems in international project based on the fully analysis of CPEB's resources superiority and opportunity at present, takes the CNPC's 11th Five-Year Plan and CPEB's overall development plan as the instruction, follows the general theory and principle of international petroleum engineering project management, take the continual ,stable, coordinated development that suits and guarantees international petroleum project as the goal, discusses the development direction of international petroleum exploration project and the thread and plan that fits the CPEB's international project management based on the reference to successful experience of international petroleum companys'project management, establishes a scientific pattern that fits CPEB's project management of international project, reasonably deploys and manages all the resource in international project, makes the operation management canonical, provides scientific basis for the corporation's decision-making though adjusting and conformity CPEB's management department of international project.

本文通过对长庆石油勘探局国际工程项目发展的简述，分析发展国际石油工程市场所面临的国际形势，在充分剖析长庆局现有资源优势和机遇的基础上，分析现有国际工程项目在运行中存在的主要问题，以集团公司十一五规划和勘探局总体发展规划为指导，遵循国际石油工程项目管理的一般理论与原则，以符合和保证实现国际石油工程项目的持续、稳定、协调发展为目的，在借鉴国际石油公司项目管理的成功经验，探讨和研究国际石油工程勘探项目的发展方向，探讨适合长庆局国际项目管理的思路和方案，通过适时调整和整合长庆勘探局国际业务管理部门，建立适合长庆局自身国际工程项目管理的科学模式，合理配置和管理国际工程项目各种资源，规范运作管理，为企业决策提供科学依据。

In chapter two and three, combined with example, this paper discusses theapplication of value engineering in construction engineering project managementsuch as design, invitation for bid, optimization of construction organization anddesign, selection of material and equipment, and demonstrates that valueengineering can bring huge economic and social benefit in constructionengineering project management and recommends some adoptable valueengineering methods in each stage of construction engineering project for thepurpose of extending it maneuverability in construction engineering projectmanagement.

第二、三章结合实例介绍了价值工程在建设工程项目管理我国建设工程项目管理中设计、招标、施工组织设计优化、优选材料和设备等阶段的应用，论证了价值工程在建设工程项目管理中能够产生巨大经济效益和社会效益，并推介了一些在建设工程项目各阶段可以采用的价值工程方法，旨在推广建设项目管理中应用价值工程的可操作性。

In order to empolder ocean resources and instruct engineering construction, this thesis synthetically analyzed regional geology, terrain, deposit sediments, hydrology, and sediments of coral reefs, have systemically studied the mechanical characteristics of calcareous sand and coral reef through indoor tests. 1. Many factors including regional engineering geology environment, hydrodynamic environment, terrain, physiognomy have been studied to evaluate their influence to coral reef engineering. It's considered that atoll reefs and table reefs are suitable for engineering construction and the reef flat on atolls is most perfect.

为了开发海洋资源，指导珊瑚礁工程建设，本文综合分析了南沙群岛区域工程地质特征、珊瑚礁地形地貌、海洋水动力环境、沉积物特征等资料，从工程地质角度对珊瑚礁各地貌单元的工程适宜性进行了评价，对礁灰岩和钙质砂进行了室内试验分析，主要研究内容和结论如下： 1、分析了珊瑚礁的区域工程地质环境、海洋水动力条件、地形地貌特征、岩土体条件等因素对岛礁工程建设的影响，对珊瑚礁的礁体类型进行了划分，结论认为可干出的环礁和台礁比较适合各类工程建设，其中环礁的礁坪是理想的工程建设场所。

In 1999, the Liaoning provincial important Sci-Tec started a key problem project for the technology of protecting and preventing of dangerous river bank and plain reservoirs. Under the support of this project, this research was carried out for experiment of engineering properties and bank engineering applications of geosynthetics. In order to solve the life and soil retention criteria of geosynthetics problems in bank engineering applications, the indoor tests, in-situ tests, locale antitypes tests and observations, theory analysis, and engineering examples analysis have been performed.

结合堤岸防护工程实际条件，采取室内试验、野外试验、工程现场原型试验或观测以及理论分析和大量工程实例验证分析的方法，对堤岸防护工程中应用的土工合成材料相关工程特性，尤其是老化规律和较大孔径织造布保土性准则，进行了较系统、深入的试验研究；在此基础上，通过典型工程实例及大量工程应用实践总结分析，重点对土工织物软体排、土工模袋、土工膜堤岸防护工程的设计方法和施工技术进行了研究。

The main courses are political theory and foreign language, engineering mathematics, elasto-plastic mechanics, computer applications, fluid mechanics, seepage mechanics, numerical simulation of petroleum deposits, petroleum chemistry, recovery ratio theory, petroleum and natural gas exploration techniques, petroleum and natural gas well engineering, shaft engineering, natural gas engineering, petroleum deposit engineering, pipe engineering for petroleum transport, pipe engineering for gas transport, petroleum and gas transport, simulation of petroleum and gas pipes, natural gas liquefaction technique, management theory and energy economics.

研修的主要课程有：政治理论课、外语课、工程数学、弹塑性力学、计算机应用技术、高等流体力学、高等渗流力学、油藏数值模拟、油田化学、采收率原理、现代油气勘探技术、现代油气井工程、现代凿井工程、天然气工程、高等油藏工程、高等采油工程、高等输油管道工程、高等输气管工程、油气田采输系统、油气管道运行模拟、天然气液化技术、高等管理学基础、能源经济等。

According to the aspect of collections of the history data, towards the collection or searching instance of the similar typical construction relevant to the pre-estimate construction, the prediction mode can be established in separate way against the ration valuation mode. The prediction-mode formed with fuzzy can be used to issue the cost of pre-construction based on adjoined degree of the typical construction and the proposed-construction. This adjoin degree is established in the engineering characterization list of elements which is established beforehand. With reference to

对于以定额计价模式为主的报价资料预测拟建工程造价的，可采用以模糊数学建立的预测模型，以事先建立的工程特征元素表确定典型工程与拟建工程之间的贴近度，利用预测模型对拟建工程进行报价；对于以工程量清单为主的报价资料拟建工程造价的，可采用以灰色理论为基础的数学工具，以灰色关联度确定工程间贴近程度，结合模糊数学建立的预测模型并利用灰色理论建立相关的预测模型对拟建工程进行报价。

According to the object of study can be divided into: construction surveying, hydraulic engineering surveying, mining engineering, surveying, railroad engineering surveying, highway engineering measurement, measurement of transmission lines and pipelines, bridges, engineering surveying, tunnel surveying, tunnel surveying, military engineering survey and so on.

按研究的对象可以分为：建筑工程测量、水利工程测量、矿山工程测量、铁路工程测量、公路工程测量、输电线路与输油管道测量、桥梁工程测量、隧道工程测量、隧道工程测量、军事工程测量等。

Inspection is the basic focus : building units for project quality supervision, the construction plan design document review, construction permit procedures; Construction of the main responsibilities of the intelligence and associated personnel qualifications; Construction plan review agencies, the intelligence unit testing and quality engineering; Works mainly in residential housing construction foundation base, the main structure; urban municipal projects roads, bridges structure; ready-mix concrete production enterprises standardized management, metering management, process control and quality inspection; examines engineering investigations, design, construction, supervision and other units and the construction plan review bodies, engineering unit testing on technical information.

检查重点基本是：建设单位办理工程质量监督、施工图设计文件审查、施工许可手续情况；建设工程责任主体的资质及相关人员资格；施工图审查机构、工程检测单位的资质及质量行为；以住宅工程为主，房屋建筑工程的地基基础、主体结构；城市市政工程的道路、桥梁结构；预拌混凝土生产企业的标准化管理、计量管理、工序控制和质量检验；受检工程勘察、设计、施工、监理等单位和施工图审查机构、工程检测单位的有关技术资料等。

2Aim to the instance of AJiuTian hydropower project, on the basis of thedeep analysis for system exploitation, surrounding three goal of hydropowerengineering, the management and control system of dynamic visual information forhydropower engineering is developed. The development of method of schedulemanagement and control system, investment management and control system, qualitymanagement and control system, engineering three-dimension dynamic visualsimulation, engineering geology three-dimension dynamic visual simulation areadvanced, management and control of dynamic visual information for hydropowerengineering faced construction scene is realized, which provide manager with fast,exact decision-making support.

2紧密结合云南苏帕河阿鸠田水电工程的具体情况，在分析系统开发思路及原则的基础上，围绕水电工程项目管理的三大目标，研制开发了阿鸠田水电工程可视化动态信息管理与控制系统，提出了工程进度管理与控制系统、工程投资管理与控制系统、工程合同管理系统、工程施工三维动态可视化仿真系统、工程地质三维可视化模拟系统等多个子系统的功能设计及实现方法，实现了直接面向施工现场的工程动态信息的可视化管理与控制，为管理人员提供迅速准确的决策支持。

The present situation in flood-control and waterlog-drain are analyzed, and the present problems are pointed out.2 The causes and characteristics of the floods in Linyi are summarized, and the flood-control project and the waterlog-drain system in Linyi are also introduced.3 On the basis of summarizing the reconnaissance data of engineering geology, the engineering geology conditions of flood-control projects in the city of Linyi are studied, including the floodway project ,the hinge project, the Ge-Jiu Road Bridge project, the No.327 national highway road bridge project, the E-Huang Road Bridge project, and the Xiaogezhuang's chief inverted siphon project in the project of "Bifurcating the Su River to the Beng River".4 Seepage FEM analyses are carried out on the flood-control projects of Yi River, Beng River and Xiaosu River, respectively.

总结了临沂市洪灾成因及洪水特性，介绍了临沂市城市防洪工程和排涝工程。 3、在综合工程地质勘察资料基础上，分析了临沂市城市防洪工程的工程地质条件，包括：&分涑入祊&分洪道工程地质条件分析、&分涑入祊&枢纽工程地质条件分析、&分涑入祊&葛九公路桥工程地质条件分析、&分涑入祊&327国道公路桥工程地质条件分析、&分涑入祊&鹅黄公路桥工程地质条件分析、&分涑入祊&小葛庄总干倒虹吸工程地质条件分析。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。