工具学

Protein multiple sequence alignment is an important bioinformatics tools. It has important applications in biological evolution analysis and protein structure prediction.

蛋白质多序列比对是一种重要的生物信息学工具，在生物的进化分析以及蛋白质的结构预测方面有着重要的应用。

To explore the classification of clinical phenotype of schizophrenia using Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry.

使用半定式诊断工具神经精神病学临床评定表进行有关精神分裂症临床表型界定方面的探索。

Nucleotide and protein sequences are the foundation for all bioinformatics tools and resources.

核酸和蛋白质序列是所有生物信息学工具和资源的基础。

A case study describes the construction and testing of a simple tool designed to tackle a task that is crucial to almost any application of text mining in bioinformatics--identifying gene/protein names in text and mapping them onto records in an external database.

一个案例研究描述了被设计用来解决一个任务的简单的工具构建和测试，该任务对于生物信息学中文本挖掘的几乎所有应用--识别文本中的基因/蛋白质名字并将它们映射到一个外部数据库的记录上--都是重要的。

How American films create China's image through an ideological mist of Orientalism.

论文中解码所使用的工具是克里斯蒂安·麦茨的电影符号学。

Teens tend toward pitta, while post-menopause might be vata time for many women. But one of the main tools by which doshas are regulated -- and the reason I'm writing about ayurveda here -- is nutrition.

青少年倾向于pitta，而对于很多女性绝经后可能就是vata的时间）但是我们拥有一个能调控生命能量的主要工具--这也是我在这里写关于阿福吠陀学的原因--那就是营养。

Meanwhile, I know that English is the tool for communication, learning is for using it, so in my spare time, I would make up some English sketch or playlet with my classmates, and sometimes attended the englsih program, such as going to the English corner.

同时我也清楚的知道，英语是用来交流的工具，学它就是为了用它。

Recently, it is proved that SP is also involved in pain modulation, acupuncture analgesia and immunoin- hibition. However, the role of CGRP in them is unclear Therefore, the dy- namic changes of CGRP-, SP-like immunoreactivity and expression ofα- CGRP,β-CGRP mRNAs in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord in the arthritic rats were observed by using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques combined with behavioral tests, respectively. Subsequently, the effects of this peoptide on the develoment of polyarthritis were investigated by intrthecal injections of CGRP and its antagonist in the rats. In addtion, GAL is a novel neuropeptide which coexists with CGRP and SP, but it may play a different role in the primary sensory system. Thus, we also observed the changes of GAL and GAL mRNA in DRG neurons and the spinal cord. The results were as follows

为此本文拟在大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型上，结合行为学测定、用免疫组织化学、原位核酸分子杂交技术观察脊髓背角及DRG中CGRP、SP、α-CGRP mRNA、β-CGRPmRNA的动态变化及电针的影响，此外，用鞘内和外周注射CGRP的工具药探讨了CGRP在佐剂性关节炎发生发展中的可能作用；甘丙肽（Galanin，GAL）也是新近发现的一个神经肽，并与CGRP和SP共存于DRG及初级传入末梢中，在神经损伤模型中脊髓CGRP、SP减少，GAL则明显增加，显示GAL与CGRP和SP的作用可能不同，因此在佐剂性关节炎模型上也同时观察了GAL和GAL mRNA的变化，实验结果如下

The teaching term took sixteen periods. The curriculum contained two topics,"acid and base", and "Taiwan's climate". Experimental treatments were teaching method. The research tools utilized in the study were " Science Concept Comprehension Test, Science-related Attitudes Scale, Problem Solving Ability Test and Questionnaire on the Attitude toward Science Teaching". A pretest administered before the experimental treatment and a posttest was held after the treatment. The data of SCCT, SRAS, and PSAT collected from pretest and posttest were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. Responses from the QAST were analyzed by ANOVA.

本研究的实验处理为以问题为中心的合作学习教学，研究工具包括「科学概念理解问卷」、「科学相关态度量表」、「问题解决测验」、「对自然科的教学态度问卷」、「教学检核量表」及「问题中心教学自我评估量表」，分析「科学概念理解问卷」、「科学相关态度量表」和「问题解决测验」资料时，以前测经验和教学法为自变项，后测为依变项，进行二因子变异数分析；「对自然科的教学态度问卷」采用单因子变异数分析；「教学检核量表」及「问题中心教学自我评估量表」则用来检核研究者的教学是否符合研究者的研究设计；在质性资料的部分，则分析学生的上课纪录、教师教学反省纪录及对自然科教学的态度问卷的理由。

P.G.泰特","Fourier's Theorem is not only one of the most beautiful results of modern analysis, but it may be said to furnish an indispensable instrument in the treatment of nearly every recondite question in modern physics.

"，"傅里叶的定理不仅是现代分析学最美妙的结果之一，也可以说它为解决现代物理学中几乎每一个难解的问题提供了一个不可缺少的工具。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。