工作面

The case of inclined longwall and overhead mining at 31005 face in Zaozhuang Coal Mine and technical manage measures are introduced.

介绍了查庄煤矿在31005工作面使用倾斜长壁仰斜开采的情况及技术管理措施，对相似条件下此类采煤法的使用提供了可借鉴的经验。

It is important to provide the complete sets of equipment for the thin coal seam fully mechanized working face.

因此随着技术的发展，薄煤层工作面利用采煤机与

According to the preliminary judge in the cause of the accident in the construction of underground coal seam No.

据初步判断，事故原因是在施工中井下16号煤层掘进工作面底板突水。

It is indicated that using the grade 2 coal mining permissible water-gel explosive at condign work face are provided with better blasting results and higher safety, and the arrangement of combining big cutting-borehole with small rest borehole can attain better blasting efficiency and smooth basting result.

试验表明：在条件允许的工作面使用煤矿许用二级水胶炸药具有较优的爆破效果和较高的安全性：采用大直径掏槽炮眼和小直径其它炮眼相结合的炮眼布置形式，可达到较好爆破效率和光爆效果。

The key of longwall mining along strike safely and efficiently is efficacious controlling of surrounding rock, and the difficult points of surrounding rock controlling are dynamic stability of system "R-S-F" has be made clear by the facts from site test, experimental study and theoretical analysis, and three patterns may cause system "R-S-F" destabilization, such as dislocation, consequentiality and retrogradation among R, S and F in the process of longwall face advancing is put forward in the paper .

大倾角煤层走向长壁工作面开采方法与装备研究由于其矿压显现和围岩破断活动的复杂性而进展缓慢，较少见到国外主要产煤国家此方面的专门文献，我国目前的研究、试验与使用水平处于国际该领域的前沿。

For instance,(1) mountain terrain map: displaying the terrain and topography, is 3D emulation of earth's surface, is convenient for customer to look into the physiognomy, and check the data of input;(2) contradistinguish map of mine well: displaying opposite position relation of the earths surface and workface, user can analysis surface movement and distortion value at every positions of the workface with the map;(3) 3D prediction model: displaying workface, survey dots, survey lines, terrain, movement and distortion in a same map with 3D graphics, revealing the relations of every elements' position;(4) isoline graphics: displaying the value of height, subsidence, incline, movement and distortion with different colors, and giving the value of every color at the side of the map;(5) color cloud diagram: revealing every targets with colors, coloring every point in the map with the color corresponding the value of height, subsidence, incline, movement and distortion and form transitional color in color cloud diagram.

通过井上下对照图，用户可以分析工作面的各个位置的地表移动变形值；（3）三维的预计模型：采用3D形式同时显示工作面、测线、测点、地表地形、地表移动及变形，显示了各要素的空间相对关系；（4）等值线：对地表高程、下沉、倾斜、曲率变形、水平移动和水平变形等各个分量以等值线方式显示。

The interaction between cutterhead of shield machine and soils was simulated. The investigation shows that there exists a wider range from active pressure to passive pressure for supporting face stability.

研究表明，仅从保证地表既不隆起又不沉陷的约束条件考虑，掘进工作面从主动土压力到被动土压力存在较大的范围。

The realistic face pressure is expected to be equal to earth pressure at-rest both for making face stability and decreasing fraction resistance between cutterhead of shield and soils during tunneling process.

考虑到减少刀具磨损和节约能源问题，推荐理想的掘进工作面土压力为静止侧向土压力。

Aiming at bottom roof caving and support impact problems induced with abrupt large scale caving upper roof in face 21303 of Daliuta mine, this paper put forward the motion parameter at roof caving and calculation formula of roof shear breaking force with the help of theorem of momentum, theorem of moment of momentum and D' Alembert principle. Roof caving process was simulated by Ansys Ls-DYNA program, and maxim impact force was got. The theoretical research outcomes in the paper were applied in face 21303 of Daliuta mine, and were accordant with actual observing status of roof caving process.

针对神东煤炭公司大柳塔煤矿活井21303综采工作面，上层采空区顶板突然大规模垮落对下层顶板及支架的突然冲击问题，文章采用动量定理、动量矩定理、达朗伯原理推出了顶板垮落瞬间的运动量及顶板切顶垮落所需要的剪力值计算公式，用ANSYS LS-DYNA程序对顶板垮落过程进行了数值计算，得到了最大冲击力，在大柳塔煤矿活井21303综采工作面对顶板垮落特征进行了实际观测和理论成果验证。

Faces support any format, which does not use fixed delimiter.

工作面支持任何格式，不使用固定的分隔符。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。