工作量

One of the characters about calculation in nonlinear finite element is that there are so many data types, huge and complex results that it causes the hugeness of workload about the calculating process and result.

非线性有限元计算的特点之一是数据类型多，计算结果的数据量庞大而复杂，由此导致了对计算过程和结果处理中工作量巨大甚至无法实现。

It is clear that the flood discharge risk is lower when the uncertainty of flood hydrograph is considered.

针对调洪演算重复、繁琐、工作量大的特点，本文也编制了处理前期数据的计算程序。

On the base of analysis,two methods are given in this paper. One is the model simplification technology which reduces identity matrix K dimension considerably, and the other is the improved iteration method which reduces the amount of calculating work from n' to n.

通过研究和分析，提出两种提高系统模型计算速度的方法，一是采取模型简化技术，从而大大降低了系统特性矩阵的维数；二是改进常规的迭代计算方法，它避免了"0"元素的存储和计算，从而将计算工作量从二次方级降至一次方级。

These texts can be used to construct adaptive language model and to obtain the idiosyncrasy of recognizer which can help ...

40万字的数据测试表明：这种方法的文本平均错误率较传统的后处理方法下降 35 。2 4%了，可以大大减轻数据录入人员的工作量，具有较高的实用价值

The middle age people especially the menopause women should not ignore the importancy of exercising.

工作量的增加，导致运动休闲量的不足，如此恶性循环，容易导致骨质密度的流失。

At the conference, held behind closed doors in Monterey Bay, California, leading researchers warned that mankind might lose control over computer-based systems that carry out a growing share of society's workload, from waging war to chatting on the phone, and have already reached a level of indestructibility comparable with a cockroach.

在这次会议上，举行了闭门在蒙特利湾，加利福尼亚州，主要研究人员警告说，人类可能会失去控制计算机为基础的系统，进行了越来越多的社会的工作量，从发动战争，以聊天的电话，并已达成一定程度的indestructibility媲美蟑螂。

On the other hand, teachers also complain of the heavy workload and ineffectiveness of correcting students' compositions.

另一方面，教师也经常抱怨批改作文的工作量非常大且效果不理想，这一现象反过来又加重了目前写作教学的低效性。

A series of theoretical and experimental studies on the microstrip patch antennas with dielectric superstrates is carried out systematically. Firstly, a comprehensive survey of the microstrip antenna technology and its theories are presented. Then, two analysis techniques, named as the spectral domain Green's function method and the spectral domain integral equation method are developed. The SDGF method is a simplified analysis technique, which takes advantage of the spectral domain immittance approach to find the dyadic Green's function for the stratified media, and obtains the complete closed-form formulas for radiation patterns, directivity, efficiency, gain etc. Some interesting calculated results are presented. The SDIE method is capable of determining resonant frequency, radiation characteristics, input impedance etc, for the covered microstrip patch antennas. Comparing with other full-wave analyses it reduced computation and mathematical labour remarkably. The singularities near the pole location of the surface-wave modes and the difficulty of the integral computation over infinite range of oscillating integrands are dealt with actively and documented well. Results predicted by the SDIE method agree extremely well with our experimental results for resonant frequencies of various superstrates. The superstrate effects on impedance and radiation characteristics also have been investigated experimentally so that the gap due to lack of measured data and computed results for multi-layered superstrate has been filled to some degrees and two useful observations have been achieved for weakening the resonant frequency shift and optimizing the microstrip antenna gain. As a meaningful application, the design and analysis of a 4×4 patch array are introduced.

实用微带天线普遍加介质覆盖层来防护热，物理损伤和环境影响，也可能在飞行或严酷气候条件下自然形成覆盖层本论文对带介质覆盖层的微带贴片天线系统地作了一系列理论和实验研究首先，对微带天线技术和理论作了全面的综述然后，发展了两种分析方法，称为谱域格林函数法和谱域积分方程法SDGF法是一种简化的分析技术，它利用谱域导抗法来求得分层媒质的并矢格林函数，并得出方向图、方向性系数、增益等参数的完整的闭式公式，给出了一些令人感兴趣的计算结果SDIE法能确定介质覆盖微带天线的谐振频率、辐射特性和输入阻抗等与其它全波分析方法相比，它明显减小了计算量和数学工作量已有效地处理了表面波模极点附近的奇异性和对振荡的被积函数的无限区间积分计算的困难对于不同覆盖层情况下的谐振频率，由SDIE法所预示的结果与我们的实验结果吻合得很好对于覆盖层对阻抗和辐射特性的影响也已作了实验研究这在某种程度上填补了缺少实验数据和计算结果之间的间隙，并得出了缓解谐振频率偏移和优化天线增益的两点有用的结论作为有意义的应用，介绍了一个4×4元矩形贴片天线阵的设计和分析。

The CTM is suitable for the case that all E-type influentially uncontrollable subnets are state graphs, and the outstanding virtue is that the designed controller is explicit. The EMM is suitable for the case that all F-type influentially uncontrollable subnets are normalized cascade Petri nets, and the advantage is that control patterns can be on-line computed within polynomial times.

约束变换法适用于所有E-型影响不可控子网为状态图这种特殊的场合，用该方法所综合的控制器最大的优点在于所获得的控制器是显式的；特征标识法适用于所有F-型影响不可控子网为规范化序状Petri网这种场合，用该方法设计的控制器在线运算工作量是多项式可解的。

Work required for choosing a proper initial solution ,has been used for the optimum structural design of mid2

此外，GA 不依赖于初始解，所以大大减少了选取一个合适的初始解的工作量。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。