岩石的

Using group theory, author researched the theoretical discriminating method of rock aeolotropy types from aeolotropy type of rock, elastic symmetrical direction and the number of independent elastic parameter of rock and established the aeolotropy discriminant criteria of transversely isotropic rock and orthotropic rock first time.

论文首次运用群论的方法，从岩石材料各向异性类别、岩石材料的弹性对称方向和独立弹性参数的个数三个方面入手，研究了岩石材料各向异性类别的理论判别方法，并建立了横观各向同性的各向异性体和正交类各向异性体的各向异性类别判别体系。

Thermodynamics calculation of fluid/rock interaction illustrates that the sea water is heated and causes K-feldsparthization of rock when it is descending, and the hot fluid is cooled when it is moving and erupting and causes albitization of rock.

通过流体—岩石平衡反应的热力学计算，首次提出本区碱交代作用可能的机制：在水—岩反应过程中，下降的海水由于被加热，使岩石发生钠长石化；热的流体在运移和喷出过程中，随着温度的降低，使岩石发生钾长石化。

The strength of rock material has the characteristics of random distribution. Combined with Mohr′s criteria, theory result is acquired to analyse the variation in strength of rock material by use of damage mechanics. By comparing this theory result with a group of experiment data on Carrara marble, it is shown that the damage mechanics model is suitable for describing the constitute property of rock material.

首先论述岩石材料强度的概率统计特性，结合经典的莫尔准则，利用损伤力学理论分析了岩石强度随围压的变化，给出了三轴应力状态下的岩石本构关系的表达式，并与Carrara大理岩在各种围压下的应力-应变曲线进行对比。

This thesis studies the volcanic tectono-petrofacies, petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry, isotopic chronology, stratum and high-precision SHRIMP zircon U-Pb datings of the Mt.Yandangshan volcano-intrusive complex, and concludes that: Yandangshan volcanic rock units belong to high-K calc-alkaline acid rock associations, mainly ryholitic and trachytic dacitic in composition. They have A/CNK values of 0.9-1.2 (i.e., aluminium saturation and supersaturation), enriched LREE and LILEs and depleted HFSE. Their 8Eu values are 0.11-0.32, indicating a evident fractional evolution of plagioclase crystallization. Their ∑REE varied very limitedly,(87~Sr/(86)Sri ratios and eNd values are 0.7086～0.7095 and -10.20～-9.96 for volcanic rocks, and 0.7087~0.7095 and -7.6～6.92 for the central intrusive facies syenite, which means that all the igneous rocks from Mt. Yandangshan are evolutional products of magmas with the same source, and that they derived mainly from crust, but mixed with mantle components.

本文从火山构造岩相学、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学、同位素年代学、地层学等方面出发，同时结合高精度SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年，对雁荡山火山岩进行了系统的研究，确定雁荡山火山岩为一套以流纹质和粗面英安质为主体的高钾钙碱性酸性岩石组合，A/CNK值集中在0.9～1.2之间，为铝饱和或铝过饱和类型；富轻稀土元素和大阳离子亲石元素、相对亏损高场强元素：负铕异常明显，δEu值为0.11～0.32，表明岩浆经历了以斜长石为主的强烈结晶分异作用：岩石样品的∑REE变化有限，火山岩样品的~(87Sr/~(86)Sr_i为0.7086～0.7095，εNd为-10.20～-9.96，中央侵入体石英正长岩~(87Sr/~(86)Sr_i为0.7087～0.7095，εNd为-7.6～-6.92，表明它们是同源岩浆分异演化的产物，物质来源主要为陆壳，但有地幔物质参与。

The results indicate that as the ERT has a advantage of being able to multi-directional imaging and monitor, on the basis of a analysis of resistivity images obtained at different directions, it is possible to characterize the spatial distribution patterns of the rock structure, and illustrate the anisotropic properties of the spatial distribution patterns in the rock resistivity changes during water saturation and desaturation processes.

结果表明，电阻率成像法在分析岩石裂隙介质的各向异性方面具有多方向成像和动态监测的优点，可以通过对不同方向上获得的电阻率图像的分析，提取出岩石沉积结构的空间分布模式，清晰地反映出岩石在饱水和排水过程中电阻率变化空间分布模式的各向异性特征。

The recent research shows that granitoids rocks within the ophiolites include not only the granites formed by fractionation of MORB at low pressure, but also the granites which formed by partial melting of gabbros of ophiolites in shear zone or intruded it during the formation and evolution of the ophiolite.

近年来的研究表明，蛇绿岩中的花岗质岩石不仅包括直接由大洋玄武质岩浆结晶分异形成的花岗质岩石，即传统意义上的大洋斜长花岗岩，还包括蛇绿岩在形成、演化过程中本身形成的和侵入的花岗质岩石。

The last Time of these two had well near been fatal to me; the Sea having hurried me along as before, landed me, rather dash'd me against a Piece of a Rock, and that with such Force, as it left me senseless, and indeed helpless, as my own Deliverance; for the Blow taking my Side and east, beat the Breath as it were quite out of my Body; and it returned again immediately, I must have been strangled in the Water; but I recover'd a little before the turn of the Waves, and seeing I should be cover'd again with the Water, I resolv'd to hold fast by a Piece of the Rock, and so to hold my Breath, if possible, till the Wave went back; now as the Waves were not so high as at first, being nearer Land, I held my Hold till the Wave abated, and then fetch'd another Run, which brought me so near the Shore, that the next Wave, tho' it went over me, yet did not so swallow me up as to carry me away, and the next run I took, I got to the main Land, where, to my great Comfort, I clamber'd up the Clifts of the Shore, and sat me down upon the Grass, free from Danger, and quite out of the Reach of the Water.

这两次大浪的冲击，后一次几乎要了我的命，因为海浪把我向前推时，把我冲撞到一块岩石上，使我立即失去了知觉，动弹不得。原来这一撞，正好撞在我胸口上，使我几乎透不过起来。假如此时再来一个浪头，我必定憋死在水里了。好在第二个浪头打来之前我已苏醒，看到情势危急，自己必为海水吞没，就决心紧抱岩石，等海水一退，又往前狂奔一阵，跑近了海岸。后一个浪头赶来时，只从我头上盖了过去，已无力把我吞没或卷走了。我又继续向前跑，终于跑到岸边，攀上岸上的岩石，在草地上坐了下来。这时，我总算脱离了危险，海浪已不可能再袭击我了，心里感到无限的宽慰。

The last Time of these two had well near been fatal to me; for the Sea having hurried me along as before, landed me, or rather dash'd me against a Piece of a Rock, and that with such Force, as it left me senseless, and indeed helpless, as to my own Deliverance; for the Blow taking my Side and Breast, beat the Breath as it were quite out of my Body; and had it returned again immediately, I must have been strangled in the Water; but I recover'd a little before the return of the Waves, and seeing I should be cover'd again with the Water, I resolv'd to hold fast by a Piece of the Rock, and so to hold my Breath, if possible, till the Wave went back; now as the Waves were not so high as at first, being nearer Land, I held my Hold till the Wave abated, and then fetch'd another Run, which brought me so near the Shore, that the next Wave, tho' it went over me, yet did not so swallow me up as to carry me away, and the next run I took, I got to the main Land, where, to my great Comfort, I clamber'd up the Clifts of the Shore, and sat me dow upon the Grass, free from Danger, and quite out of the Reach of the Water.

这两次大浪的冲击，后一次几乎要了我的命，因为海浪把我向前推时，把我冲撞到一块岩石上，使我立即失去了知觉，动弹不得。原来这一撞，正好撞在我胸口上，使我几乎透不过起来。假如此时再来一个浪头，我必定憋死在水里了。好在第二个浪头打来之前我已苏醒，看到情势危急，自己必为海水吞没，就决心紧抱岩石，等海水一退，又往前狂奔一阵，跑近了海岸。后一个浪头赶来时，只从我头上盖了过去，已无力把我吞没或卷走了。我又继续向前跑，终于跑到岸边，攀上岸上的岩石，在草地上坐了下来。这时，我总算脱离了危险，海浪已不可能再袭击我了，心里感到无限的宽慰。

Basaltic underplating has deepened the CMB from 32 km to 42 km. The lower crust beneath Hannuoba consists mainly of two-pyroxene granulites, with minor felsic granulites, noritic granulites, spinel pyroxenites and spinel lherzolites.

该地温梯度线表明，华北克拉通北缘的岩石学壳幔边界很可能位于约42km处，与地震莫霍面近于一致。32-35km处的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩层可能反映了古岩石学壳幔边界的位置，玄武质底垫作用造成岩石学壳幔边界的深移。

The disturbing rields caused by the speedup and quietude of upper crustal movement in Tibetan Plateau indicate that, when the upper crust movement is speedup in Tibetan Plateau and keeps the boundary condition unchanged, the energy stored in upper crust is released, the driving force by Indian plate increases the horizontal compression stress and movement in other layers in Tibetan Plateau, and increase the horizontal compression stress in the whole geosphere in North China area Comparing the disturbing distribution of horizontal compression stress in the upper mantle layer, the value in North China area is only about one twelfths of that in south part of Tibetan Plateau.

3青藏高原地区地壳非均匀活动在中国大陆岩石层引起扰动场的研究结果表明，在保持板块边界作用强度不变的情况下，青藏高原地区岩石层上部地壳运动的增强，增加了其岩石层下部的向前推挤，同时也增加了对其它块体的推挤作用，以上地幔盖层内最大水平主压应力的扰动值为例，华北地区比青藏高原南部地区小一个量级。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。