岩石圈

The mantle shear zone played an important role in continental blackup. Especially, the dissymmetry caused by simple shear deformation resulted in the different amount of extension in upcrust and subcrust, which in turn formed the detachment of the upper mantle from the crust, that is, the thinning positions of upper mantle and crust were different.

地幔剪切带在大陆裂解过程中起关键性作用，特别是简单剪切变形所产生的强烈不对称构造，以至壳上伸展量明显不同于壳下伸展量，壳幔明显折离，使得壳幔变薄区的位置明显分离，这将能很好地解释华北地台东部岩石圈地幔演化及其浅部盆地形成等的响应。

In this paper, the stress and strain fields of lithosphere in Himalayan Western Syntaxis orogenic belt and its adjacent areas since 10Ma are investigated through using the 3-D finite-element simulation, and deformation and evolution process in former 2Ma are simulated with different rheological parameters and rheological structure. Studies on functions in simulation process of different viscosity parameters, constitutive relation and changes of initial curst thickness show below results:(1) When various viscoelastic models are adopted, the selection of the coefficient of viscosity in the Western Syntaxis area has important influence on the its uplifts and evolutions. The computational results show that the viscosity in the Western Syntaxis area should be smaller than 1023Pa·s;(2) When the elastic model is adopted in relatively rigid Tarim basin, obvious changes are induced to the stress and strain fields of the whole Western Syntaxis area;(3) The existence of mechanical property stable block doesn′t make the propagation of the stress field show obvious decoupling phenomenon.

用数值模拟的方法探讨了自10 Ma以来喜马拉雅弧形造山带的西构造结及邻区岩石圈的形变和位移变化特征，并采用不同的流变参数和流变结构模拟了前2 Ma内的形变和应力场的演化过程，通过对不同黏性系数、本构关系和初始地壳厚度的改变在演化过程中所起的作用研究表明：（1）采用黏弹性模型时，西构造结区黏性参数的选取对西构造结及邻区隆升高度和隆升范围有重要影响，计算结果给出西构造结区地壳黏性系数应小于1023Pa·s；（2）相对刚性的塔里木盆地采用弹性结构时，对整个西构造结区域的应力和应变场均能引致明显变化；（3）力学性质稳定块体的存在并没有使应力场的传播出现明显的解耦现象。

After interpreting natural earthquakes since 1953,the author also did a exploratory research on the lithospheric tectonic relationship of South Tienshan orogen,and considered in west and east side,West Kunlun orogen and Tafim block,and considered that Tarim block subducts beneath the West Kunlun orogen and South Tienshan orogen in two direction;In Pamir area,a syntaxis formed with the West Kunlun orogen obducts upon the South Tienshan orogen,and result in the two great orogens that rejuvenated during Cenozoic and the subduction and jointing relationship of the two orogens and Tarim block,showing a specific basin-and-range coupling system.

5通过对天然地震剖面的解释，探索了南天山造山带、西昆仑造山带和塔里木地块的岩石圈大地构造关系，认为在东西两侧，塔里木地块为南北直接俯冲于西昆仑造山带和南天山造山带之下的双向俯冲模式；在中部地区，西昆仑造山带在帕米尔地区形成构造结并仰冲于南天山造山带的前陆冲断带之上，形成了两个新生代复活的巨型造山带，以及两大造山带与塔里木地块之间的俯冲和对接关系，形成了独特的&盆一山&耦合体系

A model of basic structure of the tectosphere and uniform layer in the study area is preliminarily constructed by using 3D Vp values with a grid of 1°×1°to the 400 km depth in Northeast China and selecting two representative sections perpendicular to each other and a structure model spectrum to the depth of the transition layer in the study area is depicted by using eight Vp value sections along different longitudes and latitudes.

利用东北地区1 1 深至400km的三维Vpkm/s）值数据，选择互相垂直的2条有代表性的剖面，初步建立研究区构造圈、均匀层基本结构模型；利用8套沿不同经纬线的剖面Vp值分布，勾绘出研究区深至过渡层的结构模型谱：进一步综合得到研究区三维岩石圈结构模型。

In the tomographic inversion, we have used 139,021 P-wave arrival times from 9,649 teleseismic events recorded by 305 seismic stations.

结果显示，印度岩石圈地幔俯冲前缘已经到达了羌塘地体中部之下，在俯冲前缘存在一个从地幔深处延伸至地表的大规模低速体。

Based on the large amount of teleseismic waveform data recently collected in North China, we are to construct high-resolution seismic images for the lithosphere and upper mantle structure of the region using the newly developed receiver function wave equation poststack migration technique.

利用华北地区丰富的远震波形资料，采用最近发展的远震接收函数波动方程叠后偏移成像方法，研究该地区岩石圈和上地幔的高分辨率结构图像。

On the regression analysis from large numbers of thermometric data,results show that the Ordos basin i...

鄂尔多斯盆地现今地温梯度与大地热流的展布受盆地不同构造单元地壳厚度、岩石圈厚度变化控制。

Elasticity model explained sedimentation mechanism from the Trias in the southern margin of Junggar foreland basin. The basin subsidence range lie on structural load and lithosphere flexibility rigidity.

弹性挠曲模型较好地解释了准噶尔盆地南缘前陆盆地自三叠纪以来的沉降机理，盆地沉降的幅度主要取决于构造负载和岩石圈的抗挠刚度。

TiO_2, Na_2O, K_2O contents are very low in all kind of rocks, the eNd_ value is + 6.89,+ 8.09,+ 6.94 in gabbros, olivine gabbro and the pyroxene troctolite respectively, which indicate they source from in highly the depleted lithosphere mantle.

各种岩石的TiO_2、Na_2O、K_2O、大离子亲石元素和稀土元素丰度均很低，辉长岩、橄榄辉长岩和辉石橄长岩的eNd_(t值分别是+6.89、+8.09、+6.94，表明岩体源自亏损型岩石圈地幔源区。

The rift areas in the region, which are underlain by significantly thinned lithosphere, appear to be related to ancient mechanically weak zones.

这些古老岩石圈薄弱带可能经历了后期构造事件的多次改造，并在新生代印度-欧亚陆陆碰撞过程中被进一步弱化、减薄，最终造成地表裂陷。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。