山药

Mountain Porridge: 60 grams of dried or fresh yam yam 120 grams, 60 grams of japonica rice.

山粥：60晒干或鲜山药山药120克，粳米60克。

Saponins, steroid saponins, which are rich and play the most important physiologically active compounds in yam. The studies of steroid saponins of other plants found that glycone on saponins played an important physiological activity. Because of the structural differences between saponin glycosides with different forms and sapogenin resulting from the removal of glycone by hydrolysis on saponins , caused the different physiological effect.

山药含有丰富的皂，属类固醇皂，为山药所含最具生理活性的重要化合物；从其他植物类固醇皂的研究发现，醣基於皂的生理活性上扮演著相当重要的角色，其所接醣基的多寡与有无，醣基的组成、醣的键结型式、醣基链的长度及支链的有无等，皆会影响其生理功效；故不同形式配醣体的的皂，及水解后造成醣基去除而形成皂元，因其结构的不同，产生之生理功效亦不尽相同。

The research is little and unclear about the physiological metabolism and biological activity caused by structural differences between yam steroid saponins and sapogenin. In this study, therefore, the furostanol glycosides and spirostanol glycosides with different forms of glycoside, and diosgenin with no glycone were isolated from yam (Dioscorea Pseudojaponica Yamamoto in Taiwan) that were investigated the effect and mechanism on anti-cancer for the structurally different Saponins and sapogenin.

然由於目前对於山药类固醇皂及皂元间结构差异所造成的生理代谢与生物活性之研究甚少，仍不甚明了，因此本研究以台湾基隆山药为原料，分离出furostanol glycosides和spirostanol glycosides等不同形式配醣体结构之皂，并与不含醣基之薯蓣皂元（diosgenin；DIO）进行实验，探讨山药皂抗癌之功效与机制，并进ㄧ步探讨比对此些功效与机制是否因山药皂配醣体结构（furosten和spirosten）形式之不同，以及醣基之有无而有所差异。

Viscosity is a very important parameter in processing of yam .

在山药加工中，黏度是衡量山药品质的一个重要指标。

Soil available N was positively correlated with spore density of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Dioscorea opposite, and hyphal and total percent colonization of Adenophora borealis, while negatively correlated with arbuscular colonization of Aster tataricus; Soil available P exhibited a positive correlation with arbuscular colonization of Salvia miltiorrhiza and vesicular colonization of Dioscorea opposite, while a negative correlation with spore density of Platycodon grandiflorus and vesicular colonization of Atractylodes macrocephala; Spore density of Bupleurum Chinense had a positive affection with soil organic matter; Soil pH was negatively correlated with hyphal and total colonization of Adenophora borealis and spore density of Bupleurum chinense, while positively correlated with spore density of Adenophora borealis.

土壤碱解N与丹参和麻山药的孢子密度、北沙参菌丝定殖率和总定殖率呈显著正相关，与紫苑丛枝定殖率呈显著负相关。土壤速效P与丹参丛枝定殖率、麻山药泡囊定殖率呈显著正相关，与桔梗孢子密度、白术泡囊定殖率呈显著负相关。土壤有机质与北柴胡孢子密度呈显著负相关。土坡pH与北沙参菌丝定殖率和总定殖率、北柴胡孢子密度呈显著负相关，与北沙参孢子密度呈显著正相关。

Blanching at 80℃ for 10min before peeling, dipping treatment in compounded solution of browning inhibitor for 2 hours after slicing and drying at 50℃ were beneficial to the colour of yam product, because which could decrease the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase.

通过去皮前对山药进行热烫处理(80℃，10min)，切片后立即用复合护色液浸泡处理（浸泡2h），可有效改善山药产品的色泽，其原因是这些处理能够显著降低多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性。

The total ferulic acid and p-cumaric acid in bulbils were much more than that in yams.

山药零余子的阿魏酸和香豆酸总量均远大於山药。

The content of total flavonoids in yams and bulbils were about 31.21-254.05 mg/100g dw.

总类黄酮含量约为31.21-254.05 mg/100g dw 左右，且以山药零余子的含量皆比山药高。

Objective: Comparing the differentiations of components in yams of various resource, in order to find a reliable way to identify them.

目的：比较不同产地山药内在化学成分的差异，为判定山药的产地来源提供可靠的方法。

Yam yam bean that is spread on the bead-shaped junction bud, leaf on Health, a long round different skin yellow, cooked variable gray, thin, thin white meat.

山药豆即山药蔓上结的珠状芽，叶上生，长圆不一，皮黄色，煮熟后变灰色，皮薄，肉白质细。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。