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The exchange of the electrovalence of the cupric ion has been testified by XPS-ESCA.Graphite and chloride in the stage structure,seem to be the conductor and insulator,which form the "sandwich" structure.This special structure produced a weak chemical bond belt and provided the carrier space in the perpendicular direction to the c-axis.These factors in and vertical to the direction of c-axis together increased the electrical properties.

GICs将良导体的石墨层与绝缘体的氯化物层在分子尺度上结合起来，所形成的阶结构相当于许多导体和绝缘体层组成的"三明治"结构，产生化学键薄弱的通道，提供了垂直c轴方向的载流子通道，隧道效应和格架空间提供了载流子活动空间，这些因素共同作用使得GICs的电导率成倍增加

They have several meters of paleosol developed on the top of overbank silt, suggesting that the abandonment of each terrace due to river incision occurs during the transition from glacial to interglacial climates and there may be a link between the production of terraces and glacial-interglacial climatic cycles. However, it is not every glacial-interglacial transition during the last 1,240ka that terrace can form and preserve.

黄河各阶地河漫滩顶部都有一层古土壤发育表明黄河下切形成阶地发生在古土壤开始发育的冰期向间冰期的过度阶段，但是并非1，240ka以来的每次冰期—间冰期的气候交替都能引起黄河下切形成阶地。

In order to understand the relationship between endogenous phytohormones and preharvest fruit drop of apples, contents of IAA and ABA in peduncle, bourse and the tissues around abscission zone of several apple cultivars were periodically analyzed during 8 weeks before harvest, and activity of cellulase in the tissues around abscission zone were periodically analyzed during 20 days before harvest, and ethylene evolution in fruit were analyzed in harvest time.

为了探讨苹果采前落果与内源激素之间的关系，在采前8周间定期测定了不同苹果品种的果柄、果台和离层形成部位组织中IAA、ABA含量；在采收前20d内定期测定了离层部位组织中细胞壁分解酶的活性；在收获期测定了果实乙烯的发生量。

The histopathologic changes included lymphocyte and monocyte infiltration,hyperplasia of synovial cells and small vessels,interstitial fibrosis,hyaline degeneration and cartilaginous metaplasia.The immunohistochemical observations showed that the high expressions of IL-1 and IL-6 were significantly different between the pathologic plicae and the control groups（P＜0.01）.The positive expressions of IL-1 and IL-6 were the synovial cells and monocyt-lymph cells in the pathologic synovial plicae.The positive expressions of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 have significant difference between the experiment and control group（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）.The expression of MMP-1 was positive in synovial lining cell,monocyte,fibroblast,endothelial cell in small vessel and chondrocyte.The TIMP-1 expression was detected in the synovial lining cells and a small quantity fibroblast.

结果 正常滑膜皱襞和病理性滑膜皱襞在滑膜细胞增生及小血管增生、间质纤维化及玻璃样变、软骨化生组织学改变方面，差异均有显著性（P＜0.01）；IL-1、IL-6在病理性滑膜皱襞内的增生滑膜细胞、单核及淋巴细胞和在正常滑膜皱襞内的表达差异均有显著性（P＜0.01）； MMP-1、TIMP-1在病理性滑膜皱襞和正常皱襞内的阳性表达，差异具有显著性（P＜0.01，P＜0.05），MMP-1在增生滑膜衬里层细胞、单核和纤维母细胞、血管内皮细胞和软骨化生的软骨细胞呈阳性表达；TIMP-1只在滑膜衬里层细胞和少量纤维母细胞有表达。

By sandwiching a layer of Teflon between the silicon wafer and the ground plane, the novel mi-cromachined shortened stacked patch antenna printed on high-index wafer has superior performance o-ver those of traditional design, while its bandwidth has been increased by as much as 8.6 ％, and itslength of patch has been miniaturized to only an eighth wavelength.

传统的半波天线尺寸较大，在小型通信设备中使用会出现许多问题。本文提出了一种在高介电常数上用微机械工艺制作的短接层叠式贴片天线，该天线在硅片和接地板间夹一层Tef-lon，这样天线的性能得到了提升，相对带宽增加到8.6％，而几何尺寸仅为波长的1/8。

Thermal barrier coatings consist of an electron-beam physical-vapor deposited NiCoCrAlY bond coat and 7 wt.% yttria partially stabilized zirconia top coat with a tetragonal phase. The YPSZ top coat shows a columnar grains forming dense clusters with gaps among grain clusters. The roughness of the as-deposited ceramic top coat is relatively low, but some spots of prominent growth defects can be observed. Such defect is a bundle of zirconia columns.

采用EB-PVD方法沉积热障涂层，其粘结层为NiCoCrAlY，陶瓷层为7wt%Y_2O_3部分稳定的ZrO_2，其表层为单一的四方ZrO_2相，其表层比较致密，但有一定的粗糙度，表面存在一些凸出来的斑点状ZrO_2柱状晶，柱状晶粒簇拥成团，团簇间存在间隙。

A layer of strip steel was found abrasion-welded to the surface of the spalled fragment and a 0.06mm thin layer of untempered martensitic structure was observed on the surface of the roll just beneath the welded strip.

在剥落块的表面上粘结着带钢，在带钢下的轧辊表面上观察到一层厚度约0.06mm未经回火的马氏体组织，此层下面还有一个具有低硬度的回火马氏体区域，晶间显微裂纹就从此两区域之间发生，然后垂直地向里向外扩展。

We analyzed and discussed the characteristics of cycle of carbon and water,and after having obtained important physiological parameters based on field experiment,a process-based, multilayer two-leaf model which calculates energy and material cycle separately for sunlit and shaded leaves was developed,then characteristic of CO_2 fluxes above the canopy was simulated.The main results are as follows:1.Characteristics of carbon and water cycle in the relationship of leaf photosynthesis -stomatal conductance-transpiration.

本研究以冬小麦为研究对象，利用LI-6400R光合—蒸腾测量系统、LI-6400-09土壤呼吸室和禹城生态试验站涡度相关系统等高精度仪器设备，对2007年和2008年小麦拔节至乳熟期间涉及碳、水循环过程的叶片光合—蒸腾作用、土壤呼吸作用及相关农田气象要素和植被特征进行了野外试验测定和分析，在试验观测基础上提取了重要生理参数，建立了基于过程的农田与大气间物质输送和能量交换的多层—双叶模型，并对2008年试验期间冠层上方碳通量特征进行了模拟，试验分析和模拟的主要结论如下：1。

Sigh…anyway, i can't avoid this , gotto celebrate it with a dinner…haha…anyway , i didn't plan for this Valentine day at all…But i heard ah jun said that , there's a Steak house tatse good in the puchong area , so we tried there…The Location is Puchong Puteri town , the same row of the Shabu Shabu restaurant there…the restaurant name is STEAK OUT .

哈哈。。但是，我不像其他浪漫的男生般。。。一大早就准备了。。哈哈。。情人节嘛。。。吃顿饭就好了。。。还好君能够体谅。。。哈！君说，在 Puchong Puteri Town 那边又间不错的餐厅呢！就在 shabu shabu 强强滚的同一排店，叫做 Steak Out …这间餐厅有着不错的感觉哦！有两层，在那天当然有好多人拉！没有选择之下只好上楼上罗

The strength of the thick-walled cylinder was enhanced without increasing wall thickness due to the tight joint of the layers. Therefore, this kind of vessel has been generally considered as very safe equipment and widely used in the oil refining, petrochemical and chemical fertilizer industry.

多层包扎结构由于层板间紧配合的作用，在不增加壁厚的情况下，提高了厚壁圆筒的强度，被普遍认为是非常安全的结构形式，在石油精炼、石油化工和化学肥料行业中得到了广泛应用。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。