层间

Thermal barrier coatings consist of an electron-beam physical-vapor deposited NiCoCrAlY bond coat and 7 wt.% yttria partially stabilized zirconia top coat with a tetragonal phase. The YPSZ top coat shows a columnar grains forming dense clusters with gaps among grain clusters. The roughness of the as-deposited ceramic top coat is relatively low, but some spots of prominent growth defects can be observed. Such defect is a bundle of zirconia columns.

采用EB-PVD方法沉积热障涂层，其粘结层为NiCoCrAlY，陶瓷层为7wt%Y_2O_3部分稳定的ZrO_2，其表层为单一的四方ZrO_2相，其表层比较致密，但有一定的粗糙度，表面存在一些凸出来的斑点状ZrO_2柱状晶，柱状晶粒簇拥成团，团簇间存在间隙。

By using artificial neural networks , the model of nonlinear mapping relationships among casting modulus, chill thickness, sand layer variety and thickness, and cooling surface enlargement coefficient has been built, which can be added to conventional foundry technology CAD system to design indirect chill of steel castings.

建立了表示铸件模数、冷铁厚度、挂砂层种类、挂砂层厚度和冷却面积扩大系数间非线性映射关系的人工神经元网络模型，该模型可以补充到以往的铸造工艺CAD系统中，对铸钢件挂砂冷铁进行工艺设计。

Dorsalis by salting out, ion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. By salting out the egg homogenate, SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the Vns were mainly precipitated in a 50~70% ammonium sulfate solution. The salted-out proteins were further purified by ion exchange chromatography, and the result showed that Vns were mainly eluted with a 0.3~0.5 M sodium chloride gradient. Finally, the elutes of ion exchange chromatography were refined by running them through gel filtration chromatography to obtain purified Vns. SDS-PAGE separated the 48- and 51-kDa purified Vns, and used them as antigens to raise polyclonal antibodies.

利用硫酸铵盐析法初步分离果实蝇卵中的蛋白质，以SDS-PAGE蛋白质电泳分析得知，卵黄蛋白主要在硫酸铵溶液浓度为50~70%时被沉淀出；盐析沉淀所得之卵黄蛋白，再以离子交换层析法进一步纯化显示，卵黄蛋白主要会在0.3~0.5 M氯化钠的浓度范围间被析出来；再将析出液浓缩后，经凝胶过滤层析法做最后的纯化，即获得纯化之卵黄蛋白。

The conclusion is that there is enough diffusion reaction between base material and interlays, vacuum diffusion bonding weldability of TiAl and 42CrMo is good.

研究发现，母材与中间层发生了扩散反应，采用加入中间层的真空扩散连接TiAl金属间化合物与 4 2CrMo钢具有良好的可焊性。

The analysis from regional correlation indicates that the buried hill paleo-karst reservoir of also occurs in Bachu swell area, especially in area between Mazhatag fault and Tumuxiuke fault of the mid-upper seclion of Yingshan formation, compared with the paleo-karst reservoir developed in the upper section of Yijianfang formation of Middle-Lower Ordovician in throughout the whole Tarim basin in late of Middle Ordovician to early of Late Ordovician.

区域对比分析表明，推测巴楚凸起区特别是玛扎塔格断裂带与吐木休克断裂带之间的地区也广泛分布了该鹰山组中上部古潜山岩溶储集层，在塔北隆起区与之相当的是发育于中下奥陶统一间房组上部的古潜山岩溶储集层。

A layer of strip steel was found abrasion-welded to the surface of the spalled fragment and a 0.06mm thin layer of untempered martensitic structure was observed on the surface of the roll just beneath the welded strip.

在剥落块的表面上粘结着带钢，在带钢下的轧辊表面上观察到一层厚度约0.06mm未经回火的马氏体组织，此层下面还有一个具有低硬度的回火马氏体区域，晶间显微裂纹就从此两区域之间发生，然后垂直地向里向外扩展。

A concentrated hue in the second thickness was found in CARAT ceramic which had high ability of opaque and had a stable hue of ceramic in comparison with other opaques.

结果试片明度随不透明层的增厚呈增亮趋势，并趋向稳定在某一厚度值而不再增加，该厚度值在不同品牌间有所不同，其中PCARAT系列明度变化最小；而样本色度也随不透明层的增厚逐渐稳定，到达一特定厚度时可完全遮盖底层金属色。

After introducing the basic principle and main appiica tions ofLaminated Object Manufacturing, the technical process of printer was describe in detail. Taking aim at the functional requirements and assembling relationships of the printer, the importance of LOM method in assembly check, design evaluation and construct improvement is given.

介绍叠层实体制造技术快速成型方法的基本原理和主要应用领域，并以上盖零件为例叙述热敏打印机原型的制作工艺过程，指出叠层实体制造技术在从结构设计评估、零部件间的装配检验到产品定型及样品生产的快速设计与制造模式中的作用。

We analyzed and discussed the characteristics of cycle of carbon and water,and after having obtained important physiological parameters based on field experiment,a process-based, multilayer two-leaf model which calculates energy and material cycle separately for sunlit and shaded leaves was developed,then characteristic of CO_2 fluxes above the canopy was simulated.The main results are as follows:1.Characteristics of carbon and water cycle in the relationship of leaf photosynthesis -stomatal conductance-transpiration.

本研究以冬小麦为研究对象，利用LI-6400R光合—蒸腾测量系统、LI-6400-09土壤呼吸室和禹城生态试验站涡度相关系统等高精度仪器设备，对2007年和2008年小麦拔节至乳熟期间涉及碳、水循环过程的叶片光合—蒸腾作用、土壤呼吸作用及相关农田气象要素和植被特征进行了野外试验测定和分析，在试验观测基础上提取了重要生理参数，建立了基于过程的农田与大气间物质输送和能量交换的多层—双叶模型，并对2008年试验期间冠层上方碳通量特征进行了模拟，试验分析和模拟的主要结论如下：1。

The strength of the thick-walled cylinder was enhanced without increasing wall thickness due to the tight joint of the layers. Therefore, this kind of vessel has been generally considered as very safe equipment and widely used in the oil refining, petrochemical and chemical fertilizer industry.

多层包扎结构由于层板间紧配合的作用，在不增加壁厚的情况下，提高了厚壁圆筒的强度，被普遍认为是非常安全的结构形式，在石油精炼、石油化工和化学肥料行业中得到了广泛应用。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。