层的

The results show that complexing agent greatly effects on film's density. For the double complexing agents solution system based on citric acid, the solution with lactic acid and citric acid produced most compact film with lowest porosity; and for the double complexing agents solution system based on butane diacid, the solution with butane diacid and malic acid made most compact film with lowest porosity.

研究结果表明：络合剂对镀层的致密度影响显著，对于以柠檬酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，乳酸-柠檬酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率；而对于以丁二酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，丁二酸-苹果酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率。

Adding Ag to the superconducting powder interlayer could reduce the melting point of interlayer,increase the glutinosity of interlayer,reduce the defects of jo...

另外在超导粉末中间层中添加适量的金属Ag可以有效的降低中间层的熔点，增加中间层的粘性，减少连接的缺陷，提高连接的质量。

Much importance has been attached to the application of laminae to deduce the changes of climates and environments in the past. Nevertheless, researches on the changes of laminae and the development of lacustrine physicochemical properties on the basis of periodic changes of climate remain to be conducted.

总之，纹层或页岩沉积的变化与气候的变化密切相关，利用纹层中的沉积信息研究气候和环境变化早已引起人们的重视，但以气候的周期性变化为主控因素来探讨纹层的变化和湖水的物理化学性质演化还有待开展。

Also, Petrologic features, diagenesis and pore evolution features, and reservoir feature were worked and evaluated. The study direction of Neopaleozoic reservoir geology in this area was pointed out too.4. Based on the time-space structure of source rock, reservoir rock and cap rock in petroleum system of Neopaleozoic in south of North China Basin, play and pool-forming unit of Neopaleozoic was divided. The matching relation between trap formation period and peak period of source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion was analyzed, which pointed out the future direction of hydrocarbon targets exploration in this area.

同时，对区内砂岩储层的岩石学特征、成岩作用及孔隙演化特征和储集特征方面等进行了综合研究和客观评价，并分析讨论了今后该区上古生界油气储层地质的研究方向。4、根据华北盆地南部上古生界含油气系统中烃源岩、储集岩和盖层的时空结构，进行了上古生界成藏组合和基本成藏单元的划分研究；通过对圈闭形成期与烃源岩生排烃高峰期匹配关系的分析研究，指明了今后该区油气勘探目标的选择方向

It is suggested that mechanisms protecting epidermis of squamata species from UVB damage may involve in (1) Physical defensive mechanism: the death epidermal layer limited UVB transmitting to the viable cells;(2) Biochemical defensive mechanism: up-regulated CAT may protect skin from reactive oxygen species which may induced by UVB. Moreover, the lipid and proteins in the β-, meso- and α-layer may absorb incident UVB and formed damaged products that were limited in the original site;(3) Cellular defensive mechanism: quick initiating of proliferation of the germinal cells and forming of the new epidermis and shedding out the damaged epidermis shortened the damage process and restricted the damage area.

1物理性防御：角质层和中层阻挡绝大部分UVB透过，最大限度地减轻生发层的损伤；(2)生化性防御：通过上调CAT活性以减轻LVB诱导的活性氧对表皮的损伤，同时角质层蛋白质和中层脂类可吸收UVB，且形成的有害产物被局限于原位；(3)细胞性防御：通过迅速启动再生修复过程形成新的表皮，及时蜕去积累了脂类过氧化产物、受损蛋白质和晒斑细胞等的受损表皮，有效防止损伤的持续和蔓延。

The order spatial variation of soil surface compaction was in the land reclaimed five years(68.40%), next was unsubsided land(52.58%) and the lowest was the land being reclaimed(22.01%); in terms of the variation, the soil compaction is higher and the variation is lower to each soil layer of being reclaimed land, and the compaction of the first three layer is lower but the variation is higher to other redamed land, to the fourth layer(22.86～30.48 cm) is higher and variation is lower, and the compaction under the forth layer is nearly stable.

表层土壤压实度空间变异最大的是复垦5 a的土地（变异系数为68.40%），其次是未塌陷土地（52.58%），最小的是正在复垦的土地（22.01%）。从各层的变异情况看，正在复垦的土地各个层次土壤压实度都较大且变异系数较低，其他复垦年限土壤压实度上面3层较小但变异大，至第4层（22.86～30.48 cm）达到较高值，且变异较小，之下压实度基本稳定。

At the same time, author have found out that the preferred layer have a influence on the load transferring of large diameter and super-long pile, that is, the sensitive preferred layer is more disadvantage to bearing capability of large diameter and super-long pile when it is more weak; the bearing preferred layer is more advantage to bearing capability of large diameter and super-long pile when it is more strong.

同时也发现，优势层的存在剧烈地影响着大直径超长桩的荷载传递，敏感优势层的优势性越强，对桩的承载力的提高越不利，持力优势层的优势性越强，对桩承载力的提高越有利。

As compared with the traditional irrigation-traditional fertilization, the following results of the improved optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization were obtained: significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency; the like tiller number per unit area, percentage of the tiller ear number/the tiller number, the ear number per unit area, the greatly reduced grain number per ear, and significantly heavier weight of 1, 000 grains; a trifle taller plants; shorter base internode length, a bit more weight per unit internode length, longer internode length under ear; almost the same LAI values in middle and later stages; coincident process of dry matter accumulation from straight growth onwards, a little more dry matter accumulation amount from earing to maturity; a little longer flag leaf, 2〓 leaf, 3〓 leaf (but the three leaves were shorter than those of the optimized irrigation-traditional fertilization) and shorter 4〓 leaf from top, a bit reduced total area of these leaves; almost the same leaf thickness, mean canopy leaf tilt angle, light extinction coefficient , ratio of light penetration in the upper, middle and lower parts of the wheat canopy, and fair plant type; almost the same senescence process of flag leaf; and increased root amount in 0-120cm soil layer and smaller rate of progressive decrease of the root length density and root weight density with soil getting deep, which can strengthen the resistance to adverse conditions such as water stress in the later stage.

在优化水肥条件下，冬小麦总分蘖数、成穗率及单位面积穗数与传统水肥比较接近，但穗粒数显著减少，千粒重显著提高；株高稍有增加；基部节间长度缩短，充实度略微增高，穗下节间增长；中后期LAI与传统水肥的LAI值基本吻合；起身至成熟干物质积累量动态变化过程与传统水肥十分接近，但抽穗至成熟所形成的干物质量增加；上三叶变长（但上三叶长度增加幅度小于优化灌溉-传统施肥处理），倒4叶变短，总叶面积略有减少；叶片厚度、冠层平均叶倾角、消光系数、冠层各层的透光率与传统水肥差异很小，株型较好；旗叶叶绿素含量动态变化与传统水肥十分接近；0-120cm土层的总根量明显增加，上层根群和深层根群的差异最小，有利于提高小麦后期的抗逆力。

The growth mechanism of silver seed on silicon has been presented: at first, the silver monolayer and multilayer firstly grows onto silicon without fully covering the surface at the expense of silicon etching due to the silver seed attracting the electron from silicon, after that, the monolayer coalesces together, forming continuous grain film with some silver atoms diffusing into the silicon and the multilayer still grows thick simultaneously.

提出了银晶籽在硅表面的生长机理是：首先是在硅表面没有被完全覆盖的情况下，单层银晶籽生长的同时伴随有多层的生长，此后单层逐渐形成连续的薄膜，在单层晶籽层上多层薄膜逐渐增厚，并伴随有部分银原子向硅中的扩散。

The diffracting optical element includes two layers equal in the height of the relief pattern and opposite to each other in the direction in which the height of the relief pattern varies in a period, and another layer differing in the height of the relief pattern from the two layers.

衍射光学元件包括在凹凸模式的高度上相等并在凹凸模式的高度在一个周期内变化的方向上彼此相反的两层，以及凹凸模式的高度不同于所述两层的另一层。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。