层

Combined the classification results with development performance and injection production relationship in oil field,distributions for residual oil in the reservoir plane and interlamination are studied and the distribution are also summarized.

通过列举弱水淹层段测井曲线的特征及划分方法，将弱水淹层段划分结果与油藏开发动态及注采关系相结合，研究油藏平面及层间层内剩余油分布，从而总结出油藏平面及层间层内剩余油分布规律。

Pubescens community and mixed plant species belonged to 56 families, 85 genera, 122 species. The layers of arbors, shrubs, liane, and herbages could be distinguished clearly. The community of Jiulian Mountain Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province had the highest diversity indices of tree layer in four T. ciliata var. pubescens forest communities, the least was community in Changgang, Longquan of Zhejiang Province. The community of Changgang had the highest index evenness, the least was in Jiulong Mountain of Zhejiang Province. The importance value of T. ciliata var.

研究结果表明：毛红椿天然林群落的物种多样性丰富，与毛红椿混生的植物种类有56科85属122种，而且层次性较强，分为乔木层、灌木层、藤本层和草本层4层。4个毛红椿天然林群落乔木层中，江西九连山群落Simpson多样性指数最高，浙江龙泉昌岗毛红椿群落为最低；浙江龙泉昌岗群落的均匀度指数最高，浙江九龙山群落为最低。

Numerical simulation and shaking table tests for acceleration response of piles in liquefiable ground were performed under three earthquake events.

结果表明：三种地震输入下，自下而上沿桩-柱墩长度方向，加速度峰值放大系数变化基本一致且均出现在10～20s时段内，加速度时程曲线的形状也极其相似；压缩0.15g El Centro波输入下加速度反应在砂土层与黏土层过渡带有增大趋势、在地表则有一定程度减小，且压缩0.15g El Centro波较0.15g El Centro波输入下均偏小，0.15g El Cen-tro波输入下自下而上桩的加速度时程幅值和峰值放大系数的试验值、计算值均一直有较大幅度增大；0.5g El Centro波输入下，加速度时程幅值的计算值和试验值在桩折断位置之下一直增大、至砂土层与黏土层过渡带则大大减小，加速度峰值放大系数的试验值和计算值在砂土层与黏土层过渡带突变增大、而在地表则明显减小，且较0.15g El Centro波输入下桩的峰值放大系数要偏小。

According to gathering plentiful relative datum of of Xuer section of Yazihe structure and seismic、 well logging、 surveys、 core ect during the exploitation and exploration,the research starts with analise of slice data、 core observation and core specimens,then combines with coordination、 analyse、 concluding and the former research result.The article recognizes the tectonic feature of Xuer section of Yazihe structure and it"s tectonic evolution,analyzes the distributing feature of oik、 gas、 water、 their dominated factor、 the pressure feature of gas reservoir and especially the conservative condition of Xuer gas reservoir.At the same time,the article acquaintances the depositional feature and sedimentary environment and discusses the main genesis typeof reservoir sandstone.By analyzing the physical feature and physical relation of reservoir rock, the article first classifies and evaluates the reservoir rock simply ,then concludes it"s feature of reservoir and permeability. According to detailed core observation and fracture explanation in well logging ,the article uses single well fracture indentifying and evaluation to confirm the section where the fracture growths,putting emphases on the method to get parameter of fracture,such as fracture width and fracture porosity.Finally,combining with the principal curvature for tectonics deformation the article predicts the plane fracture of reservoir and weave the general evaluation map of crack fracture growth.

本文主要是通过大量、全面地收集鸭子河构造须二储层及气藏在油气勘探和开发过程中取得的地震、录井、测试、岩心及开采等方面的相关资料，从薄片资料、现场岩心观察和岩心样品分析资料入手，通过室内整理、分析、归纳，并结合前人的研究成果，认识鸭子河构造须二段的构造特征并分析构造的演化，浅析其油、气、水的分布特征及控制因素，气藏压力特征、重点分析须二气藏的保存条件；了解储层的沉积特征和沉积环境，从多方面讨论储层砂体的主要成因类型；分析储层的物性特征及物性间关系，并对储集岩进行简单的分类评价，归纳其储渗特征；通过详细岩心观察和测井裂缝解释，进行单井裂缝识别与评价，来确定裂缝发育层段，重点放在裂缝参数的求取，如裂缝宽度、裂缝孔隙度等，并结合构造曲率法进行储层平面裂缝的预测，编制裂缝发育综合评价图。

This article that focuses on the systematic and in-depth research in the current primal problem about abnormal burst pressure reservoir depress burst pressure has procured following main fruits:1 It forms the method which could obtain massive vertical static state mechanics parameters.2 In a foundation of acquisition of rock mechanics parameters,apply bent lamella that as mechanical model along with characteristic of actual geologic characteristics to analysis curvature for anticlinal strcture, get homologous tectonic stress value throug relation between the curvature and stress and different principal curvature in anticlinal structure,consequently set up laminational stress model for anticline reservoir. The block lamination for existed fracturing date has formed method of setting up mechanical model of lamination terrestrial stress by abtaining the block tectonic stress coefficients which are got by complex utilization test, laboratory test and fracturing date playback.3 Analysesing the main reason which lead to high burst pressure by considering the characteristic of reservoir geology,reservoir,and rock mechanics and reservoir damage,etc.Establishing burst pressure quantitative prediction model which provide gist for depressing construction risk and optimizing construction craft under the condition of open hole completion ,gun-perforated completion and damaged reservoir.4 Provding theoretical basis for interpreting acidification pretreatment which could depress busrt pressure by finding the relation between the influencing factors and rock machanics parameters and analysing the factors that have effect on rock mechanics parameters. Expounding the mechanism of reaction of mixed monomineral and acid from the angle of microcosmic element, evaluating quantitatively acid sensilility of different kinds of mineral effectively, and determing the first-order reaction dynamical equation of each mineral.5 Revealing rock mechanics property chage as a result of acid flooding in different condition by sandstone traumata experiment in different temperatures which combined with rock mechanics triaxial stress experiment.6 Associating damage mechanics with sandstone acidizing, established sandstone damage mechanics model in the foundation of the recognition on the rock mechanics parametric variation which is caused by acid-rock reaction in both macroscopic view and microscopic view ,also demonstrated those processes and quantitative estimated the acid busrt pressure to direct the site operation.

本文针对目前异常破裂压力储层降低破裂压力的主要问题展开较为系统和深入的研究，取得了以下主要成果：1形成了利用测井资料，结合室内岩芯测试结果，获取静动岩石力学参数的相关性特征，从而获得纵向上大量静态力学参数的方法。2在获取了岩石力学参数的此基础上，利用弯曲薄板作为力学模型，结合区块实际地质特征对背斜构造进行曲率分析，通过曲率与应力的关系，利用背斜构造不同部位的主曲率求得相应的构造应力值，从而建立起背斜储层的分层应力模型；对已有压裂资料的区块分层，形成了综合利用测试、室内实验、压裂资料反演获得该区块构造应力系数，建立起分层地应力的力学模型的方法。3综合考虑储层地质、油藏、岩石力学特性和储层伤害等因素，分析造成高破裂压力的主要原因，综合利用岩石力学、弹性力学等知识，建立了裸眼完井、射孔完井条件下以及储层受到伤害后的储层破裂压力定量预测模型，为降低施工风险和优化施工工艺提供了依据。4完成了物性、岩性影响岩石力学参数的因素分析，找出了各影响因素和岩石力学参数之间的关系，为从机理上解释酸化预处理降低破裂压力提供了理论基础；从微观元素的角度阐述了单矿物与酸反应的机理；并在此基础上，有效评价了各种矿物的酸敏感性，定量确定了岩石中各矿物的一级反应动力学方程。5完成了不同温度下的酸液类型、酸液浓度、注酸量等一系列砂岩损伤实验，结合岩石力学三轴应力实验，系统揭示了在不同条件下注酸而引起的岩石力学性质变化。6将损伤力学与砂岩酸化相结合，在宏观、微观两个方面认识酸岩反应引起岩石力学参数变化基础上，建立了砂岩损伤力学模型，并对其进行验证，在此基础上定量计算酸化后的破裂压力，有效指导现场施工

Aiming at this problem,the concept of the second order power spectrum was proposed based on the characteristic of the amplitude tune with pe- riodical notch spectrum in thin layer and theoretically researched.

为此，从薄层振幅调谐具有周期性陷频谱特征出发，提出了二阶功率谱的概念，从理论上对薄层的二阶功率谱特征进行了研究，建立了薄层厚度与二阶功率谱极大值之间的对应关系，给出了利用二阶功率谱进行薄层厚度预测的理论依据和方法，即根据薄层厚度和二阶功率谱的能量关系制作二阶功率谱图，图上强能量团对应的时间即为薄层时间厚度。

Aiming at this problem, the concept of the second order power spectrum was proposed based on the characteristic of the amplitude tune with periodical notch spectrum in thin layer and theoretically researched. The corresponding relationship between the thickness of thin layers and the maximum value of second order power spectrum was established. The theoretical criteria and method for the thickness estimation by second order power spectrum were given. The second order power spectrum map is made by the energy relationship between the thickness of thin layers and the second order power spectrum, and the time responding to strong energy on the map is the time of thin layer.

为此，从薄层振幅调谐具有周期性陷频谱特征出发，提出了二阶功率谱的概念，从理论上对薄层的二阶功率谱特征进行了研究，建立了薄层厚度与二阶功率谱极大值之间的对应关系，给出了利用二阶功率谱进行薄层厚度预测的理论依据和方法，即根据薄层厚度和二阶功率谱的能量关系制作二阶功率谱图，图上强能量团对应的时间即为薄层时间厚度。

The finite element method is employed to analyze the shearing stress of the concrete bridge decks with waterproof layer.

应用有限元法，对设防水层的水泥混凝土桥桥面沥青铺装结构进行剪应力计算，分析了防水层的厚度、模量、泊松比、沥青混凝土铺装层厚度和模量等参数对结构层剪应力的影响，认为层间最大剪应力主要取决于面层厚度和防水层模量，相同的防水层模量通过增加面层厚度是降低层间剪应力的最有效手段。

Each of the other third-order sequences can be further divided into three system tracts. Based on the identification and correlation of sequence stratigraphic units, and researches on the history of structural evolution, the thickness of sequences and the paleotopography of the area, we proposed the sequence stratigraphical mode of the studied area, and discussed the relations between the sequence stratigraphic model and the oil-gas potentials and estimated the oil-gas potentials of each of the third-order sequences.

针对研究区目的层段所划层序发育的特点，在层序地层单元划分和对比的基础上，结合构造发育史和地层厚度的变化反映出古地形特征，建立了该区的层序地层学模式，并初步探讨了层序地层学模式与含油气性的关系，对各三级层序的含油性做出了初步预测。

Results Same as hyaline cartilage, the calcified cartilage was stained light flavo-green and weak double refraction by the Picrosirius-polarization method. In the immunohistochemistry analysis of collagen Ⅱ protein, the calcified cartilage was stained strong green fluorescence and the collagen protein parallelled in joint surface near the tidemark. The content of collagen Ⅱ protein was (20.16%±0.96%) of tissue dry weight by amino acid analysis, and that of the hydroxyapatite was (65.09%±2.31%) of the inorganic composition in calcified cartilage.

结果 天狼猩红染色见钙化软骨层与透明软骨层一样黄绿色淡染、弱双折光性；Ⅱ型胶原蛋白免疫组织化学分析，钙化软骨层呈强绿色荧光，潮线附近的胶原蛋白呈板层平行分布；氨基酸定量分析钙化软骨层Ⅱ型胶原蛋白含量占组织干质量的（20.16%〖KG-*4〗±0.96%）；X-射线衍射定量分析钙化软骨层中的羟基磷灰石含量占无机成分的（65.09%±2.31%）。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。