局部的

Then, on the basis of above achieved constituent binary results, thermodynamic properties of 10 ternary liquid alioys (Cd-Bi-Pb, Cd-Pb-Sb, Cd-Pb-Sn, Mg-In-Cd, Zn-In- Cd, Cd-Bi-Sn, In-Bi-Pb, Sn-AgPb,Zn-In.Pb, Al-Cu-Zn), 3 quaternary ones (Cd-Bi-Pb-Sn, Zn-Sn-Cd-Bi, Zn-Sn-Cd-Pb) and 1 quinary. one (Zn-Sn-Pb-Cd-Bi) are predicted. For most of investigated multicomponent systems, the calculated activities are in good with the experimental ones, and in particular for multicompoment immiscible ones, the predicted results are satisfactory and exciting. At the same time, the comparison result between the three equations shows that Wilson equation and T-K-Wilson one are more stable than NRTL one, that maybe is because NRTL equation contains a third parameter, and so ,to some degree, Wilson model and T-K-Wilson model are superior to NRTL model. And also the comparison between local composition models and other models such as Pelton- Flengas?method, Krupkowski formalism, mass action concentration model and Hoch- Arpshofen model shows that local composition models are more convenient and credible.

在此基础之上应用局部组成型模型对10个三元液态合金（包括Cd-Bi-Pb、Cd-Pb-Sb、Cd-Pb-Sn、Mg-In-Cd、Zn-In-Cd、Cd-Bi-Sn、In-Bi-Pb、Sn-Ag-Pb、Zn-In-Pb、Al-Cu-Zn），3个四元液态合金（包括Cd-Bi-Pb-Sn、Zn-Sn-Cd-Bi、Zn-Sn-Cd-Pb）和1个五元液态合金（Zn-Sn-Pb-Cd-Bi）的活度进行了预测，预测效果良好，尤其对Zn-In-Pb系和Zn-Sn-Cd-Pb等多元液-液共存体系热力学性质的预测也取得了令人满意的结果；同时对三个方程的比较分析表明：Wilson方程和T-K-Wilson方程在多元系热力学性质的预测中表现稳定，而NRTL方程由于引入了物理意义不清楚的第三参数，使得其具有不确定性和不稳定性的特点，因此Wilson方程和T-K-Wilson方程较NRTL方程更为优越；此外对局部组成型模型与其它模型（如Pelton-Flengas方程、Krupkowski方程、作用浓度模型和Hoch-Arpshofen模型）的比较表明：局部组成型模型同样是优秀的，甚至在某些方面更为简便和可靠。

Deep structure in the mantle concave or convex edge of mantle, Moho-discontinuity isobath or local turning control the regional metallogenic belt in distribution; major fault zones and their recombination region control the metallogenic zone; great fault depression, that is, overall depression in the context of uplift, that is, or local uplift in the background of overall fault depression, or the local stronger depression in the background of overall fault depression, all of these special structures are often the enriched areas of ore-forming elements and potential prospects.

深部构造，在幔凹或幔凸的边缘、莫霍面等深线密集或局部突出地段、扭曲端等控制区域成矿带的展布；大断裂带及其复合部位控制矿集区和大型矿床的产出；大断裂断陷构造，即隆中坳，或总体坳陷背景下的局部隆起，即坳中隆，或总体坳陷的背景下的局部更为强烈的坳陷，即坳中坳，所有这些特殊的构造部位，往往也是成矿元素的富集区和成矿远景区。

It's main feature is that we can obtain many types of edges simultaneously by detecting the maximum value of local energy.After that,we get the initial edge.

对于边缘的检测，近年来，人们的研究兴趣更多的转向了局部能量的方法，这是一种基于局部相位的方法，它的特点是通过局部能量的最大值可以同时得到不同类型的边缘。

In chapter 4 , with S-KKM mapping , a new Ky Fan\'s minimax inequality is proved , the locally convex H-space with uniform structure is introduced , s-HKKM mapping is defined as the generalization of KKM mapping, with the H-convexity of Hausdorff locally convex H-space , a new fixed point theorem for the compact andclosed mapping belonging to the class s-HKKM is established ;with local intersection property of muti-function ,K-H-quasi-convexity of mapping , connectedness of set and condensing correspondences, some new vector quasi-variational inequalities are established , respectively .

第四章利用S-KKM映射，建立了新的Ky Fan极小极大不等式；定义了带有一致结构的局部凸H-空间，利用Hausdorff局部凸H-空间的H-凸性，对于属于s-HKKM中紧的闭映射建立了新的不动点定理，利用对应的局部交性质、映射的K-拟-凸性、集合的连通性以及φ-condensing对应分别建立了相应的拟向量变分不等式。

A computer-aided local transient flow property measuring system was developed using a high speed CCD camera coupled with optical fibers in order to study the Gas-liquid-solid three-phase jet loop reactors. SnO2 crystal films were orientally deposited on the alkoxysilane molecule-coated hydroxyl glass substrates so as to prepare surface-marked particles as the tracers. An image analysis system was established to identify different phases. Stroboscopic photography was utilized to extend the measure range. The developed measuring and analysis system was capable of determining accurately the local transient flow property in a G-L-S jet loop reactor. Based on the above system, local transient flow properties of gas, liquid, and solid phase were measured and studied the influences of fluid property, operation and configuration parameters on the reactor.

以气液固三相喷射环流反应器为研究对象，将高速CCD和光纤束耦合制成局部瞬态流动特性微机数据采集及图象处理系统，利用MPS硅烷分子在带有羟基的玻璃基底上的自组装引导SnO2晶态膜层在功能化表面上进行沉积，以获得表面标记的示踪粒子，解决图象处理技术与相的识别的问题，利用频闪技术拓展了测量上限，得到可以准确测定气液固三相喷射环流反应器中局部瞬态流动特性的测试系统；采用上述测试技术进行喷射环流反应器中局部气相、液相与固相瞬态流动特性的实验研究，并考察物性参数、操作参数与结构参数的影响规律。

D. Declaration of nonprimitive types such as String, Vector ans so on allocates memory space for the object.

但是严格来讲此题的答案有待确定，因为只有原始类型的实例变量和类变量的声明在类对象被创建/类被加载时完成内存的自动分配，而原始类型的局部变量必须显式初始化，从这点来看原始类型的局部变量没有被自动分配内存，SL275中只提出了非原始数据类型的变量必须使用new Xxxx完成内存的分配而没有指出原始数据类型的变量是否在声明时即自动进行内存分配，而从局部变量不能在显式初始化前使用这点来看在声明时没有进行内存分配。

D. Declaration of nonprimitive types such as String, Vector ans so on allocates memory space for the object.

但是严格来讲此题的答案有待确定，因为只有原始类型的实例变量和类变量的声明在类对像被创建/类被加载时完成内存的自动分配，而原始类型的局部变量必须显式初始化，从这点来看原始类型的局部变量没有被自动分配内存，SL275中只提出了非原始数据类型的变量必须使用new Xxxx完成内存的分配而没有指出原始数据类型的变量是否在声明时即自动进行内存分配，而从局部变量不能在显式初始化前使用这点来看在声明时没有进行内存分配。

A computer-aided local transient flow property measuring system was developed using a high speed CCD camera coupled with optical fibers in order to study the Gas-liquid-solid three-phase jet loop reactors. SnO2 crystal films were orientally deposited on the alkoxysilane molecule-coated hydroxyl glass substrates so as to prepare surface-marked particles as the tracers. An image analysis system was established to identify different phases. Stroboscopic photography was utilized to extend the measure range. The developed measuring and analysis system was capable of determining accurately the local transient flow property in a G-L-S jet loop reactor. Based on the above system, local transient flow properties of gas, liquid, and solid phase were measured and studied the influences of fluid property, operation and configuration parameters on the reactor.

中文摘要：以气液固三相喷射环流反应器为研究对象，将高速CCD和光纤束耦合制成局部瞬态流动特性微机数据采集及图象处理系统，利用MPS硅烷分子在带有羟基的玻璃基底上的自组装引导SnO2晶态膜层在功能化表面上进行沉积，以获得表面标记的示踪粒子，解决图象处理技术与相的识别的问题，利用频闪技术拓展了测量上限，得到可以准确测定气液固三相喷射环流反应器中局部瞬态流动特性的测试系统；采用上述测试技术进行喷射环流反应器中局部气相、液相与固相瞬态流动特性的实验研究，并考察物性参数、操作参数与结构参数的影响规律。

After some generations the population diversity would be greatly reduced and the algorithm might lead to a premature convergence to a local optimum. To circumvent these shortcomings, the chaotic dynamic system is introduced in the studies of chemometric algorithms. The chaotic mapping itself is very sensitive to the initial state in a manner similar to the statistical randomness but with its underlying patterns appearing to be phantasmagoric in a deterministic style.

神经网络是一个优异的非线性建模工具，但其突出的缺点就是潜在的预收敛到局部最优点或过拟合导致的错误预报模式；遗传算法用于优化过程其目的是为了避免陷入局部最优点，但事实上由于在传统遗传算法的进化过程中只有少数最好的成员被保留下来用于产生子代成员，经过一定代数的进化后群体成员的多样性就会显著下降，也很可能过早收敛到局部最优点。

The paramagnetic g-factor is pretested. At the same time, the relationship between the optical spectra, ZFS and the local structural parameters is set up. The optical spectra and ZFS of K_2ZnF_4:Ni~(2+) crystal can be interpreted uniformly. The theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data.

近年来，赵敏光教授及其合作者的研究工作[1~3]表明，由于晶体中的顺磁离子的EPR参量，特别是零场分裂D对其所处环境的微观局部结构的依赖关系非常灵敏，因此杂质所引起的局部结构畸变必须加以考虑，指出可以通过光谱、EPR谱的实验测量数据来共同确定晶体的局部结构参数。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。