尿道狭窄

6 cases of urethostenosis, 2 cases of urotithiasis and 1 case of urethral valves were cured one time. They were followed up from 10 months to 6 years and no dysuria occurred. 2 cases of external plank shedding after ureteropelvioplasty were treated with a placement of internal plank through the renal fistulization. The placement and evulsion of internal plank were carried out one time in 8 cases of ureteric calculi (the length of one calculi was as long as 4cm) and 12 cases of ureteropalsty. In 5 cases of upper remotion of internal plank, 4 cases were pulled out successfully and one failed to draw out. The effect is satisfactory to treat urological diseases by means of ureteroscopy in children.

结果 6例尿道狭窄、2例尿道结石、1例尿道瓣膜均一次性治愈，随访10个月~6年，无排尿异常。2例肾盂输尿管成形术后外支架管脱落经肾造瘘口放置内支架；8例输尿管结石（1例石街长约4cm）、12例输尿管成形术后内支架置入和／或拔出均一次完成。5例内支架上移中4例顺利拔出，1例失败、结论输尿管镜对小儿尿路系统大部分疾病的处理有满意效果。

Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the stricture rates of different hypospadias repair.

目的 分析尿道下裂尿道成形不同术式与术后尿道狭窄发生之间的关系。

Results With the new procedure, the tip of the prostate was peeled off completely without extra treatment, and this piece of the urethra,which was composed of surgical envelope, formed a vase-shaped natural surface to avoid urine irretention. The resected plane was covered by fibre and epithelium of surgical envelope,which could reduce irritation of urethra and bladder, and shorten hematuria and repair time. After enucleation of the enlarged prostate, the borderline became clear and blood supply was reduced, which facilitated the rapid resection without injury.

结果 采用新的切割方法前列腺尖部被完整剜除，无需修整，尖部尿道成为由外科包膜构成的喇叭口状自然界面，经过剜除的增生腺体，界面清楚，血供减少，利于快速切除，不易出现包膜损伤，切除效率明显提高。1000例手术顺利，术后发生短期尿道刺激症者150例，发生膀胱颈挛缩6例，尿道狭窄10例。

Cases were followed up for 1 year to 10 years and showed easy micturition. Conclusions: This surgical procedure is a better method for the treatment of complex urethral stricture and effect is evident.

膀胱黏膜可作为较理想的尿道替代物，用膀胱黏膜替代尿道是治疗复杂性尿道狭窄较好的方法之一，疗效肯定。

"We suggest a regular, simple urethral dilation protocol for patients with recurrent bulbomembranous urethral stricture shorter than 2 cm, because this significantly allays the stricture recurrence rate, possibly eliminates the need for consecutive DVIU, and reduces morbidity," the authors write.

作者认为，对复发bulbomembranous的尿道狭窄小於2 公分的患者，最好有一个常规且简单的尿道扩张方法，因为可以显著减少尿道狭窄的复发率，可能还可以减少DVIU治疗的次数而减少发病率。

Methods: Clinical data of 32 cases of patients with complicated posterior urethral stricture treated by the trepanning appliance and the 21 cases by common operation were retrospectively reviewed.

在对32例复杂性后尿道狭窄患者行开放性手术中，使用后尿道钻孔器钻孔，并与21例常规后尿道钻孔的疗效进行对比。

Ureteroscopy was applied to treat 1200 cases which incelluded ureteral stones in 1010 cases (146 cases in upper, 344 cases in middle. 520 cases in lower),ureteral strictures in 18 ureteral double catheter stagnation in 38, urethral stricture in 38, bladder calculi in 41, pelvis calculi in 8, ureterovaginal fistula in 5 and others.

其中行输尿管镜治疗者1200例，包括输尿管结石1010例，其中上段结石146例、中段344例、下段520例；输尿管狭窄18例；医源性双J管滞留38例；男性尿道狭窄38例；膀胱尿道结石41例；肾盂结石8例；输尿管阴道漏5例；小儿逆行输尿管插管20例；内支架管置入22例。

The urethroplasty with urethral plate is adapt to the majority of hypospadias, significantly reduced urethral stricture and other serious complications.

保留尿道板的尿道成形术适用于大多数尿道下裂，可显著降低尿道狭窄等严重并发症的发生。

We give a detailed views on how to properly and accurately evaluate urethral strictures by imaging, cystourethroscopy and physical examination; and on operation occasion, as to patient selection and the key point of urethroplasty.

本文对尿道狭窄的各种检查，包括影像学、膀胱尿道造影和体检，手术时机和患者的选择，前、后尿道成形术的关键等相关问题作一论述。

Methods: Ureteroscopy was used in the treatment of 25 cases of patients with urethrostenosis or urethatresia to find out the right leading direction under direct vision. The stenosis site was cut open by dilating with the ureteroscopy body combine with resection.

采用输尿管镜直视下寻找正确引导方向，利用其镜体的扩张结合其他内窥镜切割术切开狭窄或闭锁段，术后留置导尿管和适当尿道扩张治疗尿道狭窄或闭锁25例。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。