尿道下裂的

Objective To evaluate the status of androgen receptor gene in children with hypospadias.

目的 研究尿道下裂的发生与雄激素受体基因突变间的关系。

Objective To present a new and reliable method for treatment of failed hypospadias repair.

目的 为尿道下裂的二次修复提供一种新的可靠的手术方法。

Now it is thought that the cause of hypospadias is multifarious, genetic alteration is the most important reason of it.

目前认为尿道下裂的发生为多种因素造成，基因的改变是其中的重要因素。

However, folate supplementation in the first three months of pregnancy was associated with a 36% reduction in risk of hypospadias.

然而，在补充叶酸的头三个月怀孕与36 ％减少尿道下裂的危险。

Part two: Urethroplasty by using skin oversleeve with vesicomucosa to treat hypospadias.

为解决单独使用膀胱粘膜尿道成形术后并发症较多的问题，我们设计了皮肤袖套式膀胱粘膜尿道成形术治疗重型尿道下裂及部分首次手术失败的尿道下裂患儿，即用游离包皮内板或游离阴囊中隔皮片在尿道外口处做成一短段尿道，然后用游离膀胱粘膜形成全段人工尿道并从包皮内板或游离阴囊中隔皮片做成的尿道内穿出。

The absence or mutation of SRY gene may be concerned with the pathogenesis of hypospadias which is a sex upgrowth abnormality.

(1)SRY基因不是性别决定的唯一基因，SRY基因缺失或突变可能导致性发育的一系列异常改变，尿道下裂的发生与SRY的缺失、变异有关。

Methods: Selected 93 confirmed cases with hypospadias during May 2003 to Sep 2009. Patients in balanic type were treated with meatal advancement and glandularp lasty; patients with urethra orifice at 2/3 of corpus penis accompanied with slight chordee of penis were treated with Snodgrass method or Onlay method; patients with severe chordee of penis were treated with Duckett method; patients in scrotum or perineum type were treated with combination of Duplay and Duckett; severe hypospadia patients were treated with curved pedicle penis-scrotum and skin flap urethroplasty; patients with good outer plate of ventral prepuce and chordee of penis were treated with ventral pedicle hooded foreskin flap.

选取2003年5月～2008年9月期间收治的93例确诊尿道下裂患者，对阴茎头型患者采用尿道口前移、阴茎头成形法；尿道口在阴茎体外2/3段伴有阴茎轻度下弯者采用尿道板纵切卷管法或加盖岛状皮板法（Snodgrass术或On-lay术）；有严重阴茎下弯的所有阴茎体型采用横裁或纵裁包皮岛状皮瓣尿道成形；阴囊型或会阴型用阴囊中缝皮管加横裁包皮岛状皮瓣成形尿道（Duplay联合Duckett术）；对重度尿道下裂患儿采用弧形带蒂阴茎阴囊联合皮瓣尿道成形术；对腹侧包皮外板发育良好患儿及合并阴茎下曲的患儿采用腹侧带蒂帽状包皮皮瓣法。

Methods: Selected 93 confirmed cases with hypospadias during May 2003 to Sep 2009. Patients in balanic type were treated with meatal advancement and glandularp lasty; patients with urethra orifice at 2/3 of corpus penis accompanied with slight chordee of penis were treated with Snodgrass method or Onlay method; patients with severe chordee of penis were treated with Duckett method; patients in scrotum or perineum type were treated with combination of Duplay and Duckett; severe hypospadia patients were treated with curved pedicle penisscrotum and skin flap urethroplasty; patients with good outer plate of ventral prepuce and chordee of penis were treated with ventral pedicle hooded foreskin flap.

选取2003年5月～2008年9月期间收治的93例确诊尿道下裂患者，对阴茎头型患者采用尿道口前移、阴茎头成形法；尿道口在阴茎体外2/3段伴有阴茎轻度下弯者采用尿道板纵切卷管法或加盖岛状皮板法(Snodgrass术或Onlay术)；有严重阴茎下弯的所有阴茎体型采用横裁或纵裁包皮岛状皮瓣尿道成形；阴囊型或会阴型用阴囊中缝皮管加横裁包皮岛状皮瓣成形尿道(Duplay联合Duckett术)；对重度尿道下裂患儿采用弧形带蒂阴茎阴囊联合皮瓣尿道成形术；对腹侧包皮外板发育良好患儿及合并阴茎下曲的患儿采用腹侧带蒂帽状包皮皮瓣法。

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of urethroplasty, this was operated by the utilization of longitudinal preputial island flaps of dorsum penis.

目的：评价阴茎背侧纵行带蒂包皮瓣尿道成形术在尿道下裂修复中的应用及疗效；方法：采用改进的阴茎背侧纵形带蒂包皮瓣尿道下裂修复术治疗26例有阴茎弯曲，背侧包皮丰富的中、近段尿道下裂。

There are advantages including reliable blood supply of skin flap, satisfied appearance of formed cauda salax, convenient stuff, few complications, of urethroplasty with oblique preputial pedicled skin flap for treatment of hypospadia. It is an effective method to repair hypospadias of penile type and penile-scrotal type.

本术式具有皮瓣血运可靠、成形阴茎外观满意、取材方便、并发症少等优点，适合阴茎型、阴茎阴囊型及阴囊型尿道下裂的Ⅰ期修复。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。