尿道下的

Temporarily catheterization pulls out inside 24 H ureter, if undertake uric education or acute retention of urine wait,adopt temporarily catheterization; leaves buy catheterization to be in clinical on common, ureter needs to leave above of buy 24 H, urethral mouth is daily want clean disinfection 2 times, daily change 1 times; keeps bag of collect make water or drainage bottle the person that buy catheter exceeds 7d, change every week ureter 1, with 0 · normally according to the circumstance of fluid of eduction make water 9% physiological saline undertake bladder is rinsed. 2 common problems patient of a few males is opposite circumstance of the psychogenic disorder when 1 catheterization of 2 · nurse catheterization produces psychogenic disorder, often be flushed, next abdomen and perineal ministry muscle are nervous, shadow fugleman make water goes on wheels, impact of urgenter to the illness patient psychogenic disorder is not big, ache and bladder are bouffant the mood that held them, catheterization process is more successful. 2 · 2 see the phenomenon is cracked below road junction of female patient make water occasionally 20 old clinical nurse in the job, the female cracks a circumstance to see 4 below urethral mouth.

临时导尿在24 h内拔除尿管，如进行尿培养或急性尿潴留等采取临时导尿；留置导尿在临床上常见，尿管需留置24 h以上，尿道口每日要清洁消毒2次，每日更换集尿袋或引流瓶1次；留置导尿管超过7d者，每周更换尿管1次，根据排出尿液的情况通常以0·9%生理盐水进行膀胱冲洗。2常见新问题2·1导尿时心理障碍情况一些男性患者对护士导尿产生心理障碍，往往面红耳赤，下腹部及会阴部肌肉紧张，影响导尿顺利进行，对于病情较急的患者心理障碍影响不大，疼痛和膀胱鼓胀占据了他们的情绪，导尿过程较顺利。2·2偶见女性患者尿道口下裂现象20多年的临床护理工作中，女性尿道口下裂情况见4例。

Hypospadias surgery to take careful care, observation and effective nursing measures to prevent local infection, promote wound healing and improve the success rate of surgery plays a vital role in.

尿道下裂术后采取精心的护理、观察及有效的护理措施，对预防局部感染，促进创口愈合及提高手术的成功率起着至关重要的作用

At high power, the urothelial carcinoma does resemble urothelium , but the thickness is much greater than normal and the cells show more pleomorphism .

高倍镜下，尿道癌的腺体与正常的泌尿上皮相似，但是腺体细胞的厚度增加，细胞有明显的异型性。

The absence or mutation of SRY gene may be concerned with the pathogenesis of hypospadias which is a sex upgrowth abnormality.

(1)SRY基因不是性别决定的唯一基因，SRY基因缺失或突变可能导致性发育的一系列异常改变，尿道下裂的发生与SRY的缺失、变异有关。

To evaluate the effect of interal urethrotomy with cold knife under urethrascope for urethrostenosis and urethratresia.

探讨尿道内内镜冷刀切开治疗尿道狭窄或闭锁的疗效。应用STORZ公司 2 1号镜鞘，放入冷刀工作件，插入尿道镜，冲液下观尿道，直至狭窄部。

Studies have linked the phthalates or their metabolites, including monoethyl phthalate and mono-n-butyl phthalate, with androgen-lowering activities, abnormal Leydig cell function, a decrease in anogenital distance in male infants, and reproductive tract malformations including hypospadias.

研究联系在一起的邻苯二甲酸盐或其代谢物，包括monoethyl苯二甲酸的和单丁酯邻苯二甲酸，与雄激素降低的活动，不正常的睾丸间质细胞功能，减少肛门生殖器距离的男性婴儿，生殖道畸形包括尿道下裂。

The pelvic nerve of inferior hypogastric plexus originated from the most caudal root of the pelvic splanchnic nerve, running along the surface of the levator ani and passing laterally around the vagina and rectum to enter the sphincter musculature at the 5-o'clock and 7-o'clock positions. 7l.4% of specimens were found intrapelvic branches which were given by pudendal nerve. Before leaving the pudendal canal, pudendal nerve gave an intrapelvic branch that passed the levator ani and accompanied with pelvic nerve to innervate the sphincter when it approached the sphincter. The distance between these intrapelvic branches and the level of the bladder neck was about (12.6±1.6)mm.

结果：控尿神经是由下腹下丛和阴部神经盆内盆外分支组成，其中盆神经是下腹下丛远端盆内脏神经分支，沿肛提肌表面到达尿道5点和7点位。71.4%的标本中发现阴部神经存在盆内分支，此分支自阴部管内的阴部神经主干穿肛提肌进入盆内，大约在接近尿道括约肌时汇入盆神经共同进入尿道括约肌，其进入尿道的位置距离膀胱颈平面(12.6±1.6)mm。

The idea material should have some characteristics as following: no immunogenicity, no exclusion, lower anaphylaxis,nonvenomous,effctive,the same anatomical structure as the receptor organs, having less inflammation in the site of injecting and no shifting from the injecting site to other organs,easily practicing and reasonable cost.

近几年，注射治疗以其安全、简单、方便、创伤较小，在门诊即可施行的优点日渐引起了人们的重视，它是将药物或化学制剂注射到后尿道或膀胱内口周围粘膜下及肌层中，使尿道腔变窄、拉长和缩小，从而提高尿道阻力，关闭尿道内口，以有效控制尿流。

Methods: AR and ER expression and its distribution in the preputial cells of 28 cases with different types of hypospadias were examined by radioligand binding assay.

通过受体的放射配基结合分析，对28例不同程度的先天性尿道下裂患儿外生殖器皮肤细胞内的AR、 ER的表达及细胞内的分布进行了测定。

Some writers use the term "intersexuality" very broadly and extend it to cover relatively simple conditions such as a very prominent clitoral glans or a very small penis or hypospadia or even undescended testicles .

某些作者使用术语&中间性&非常宽泛，把它扩展到一些相比而言相对简单的生理结构特徵的改变，譬如把非常突出的阴蒂头或非常细小的阴茎或尿道下裂甚或隐睾症等也称为&中间性&。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。