尿道

Nephrogenic adenoma is a benign lesion that may occur at any site of the genitourinary tract, usually in association with previous urothelial injuries.

肾源性腺瘤为良性病变，可发生于生殖泌尿道的任何部位，患者常有尿路上皮损伤史。

objective to study the ct diagnosis of ureteral calculus at the distal end of ureter.methods 82 cases of ureteral caculus were examined by ct scanning.all cases were proved by clinical therapeutic results.results ureteral calculuses were showed as high density image in ct scanning.the ct values of the ureteral calculuses less than 7.5mm in diameter were beyond 83hu.the detection rate by ct was 96.3%.in all the 82 cases,ureteral with calculuses were found dilated and 69 cases with nephrohydrosis.in 13 cases with no nephrohydrosis,caculuses less than 3.8 mm in diameter were found.conclusion ct is the most valuable way to diagnose ureteral calculus at the lower end of ureter.appropriate methods of ct scanning are essential.

目的 回顾性分析输尿管膀胱入口处结石的ct诊断结果，评价其ct检查的临床应用价值。方法分析82例输尿管膀胱入口处结石的ct检查结果，所有病例均经尿道排石证实。结果输尿管膀胱入口处结石具有特征性的ct表现，即圆形或枣核状钙化高密度影，结石直径＜7.5mm，ct值≥83hu，ct确诊率96.3%。82例均发现病侧输尿管增粗，69例发现病侧肾盂少量积水，肾盂未见积水的输尿管膀胱入口处结石13例，其结石直径＜3.8mm。结论 ct检查输尿管膀胱入口处结石具有准确、无创、直观等优点，是诊断输尿管膀胱入口处结石不可替代的检查方法。

Traditionally, methods of urinary diversion include percutaneous nephrostomy, ureterocutaneostomy, ileal conduit and uretero-sigmoidostomy.

传统性的尿道分流方式有：经皮肾脏造瘻，输尿管皮肤造口术，回肠通路或输尿管乙状结肠吻合术。

Methods: From February 2002 to June 2006, 27 patients with upper urinary obstruction due to retroperitoneal fibrosis post-treatment of tumor, under went procedures including retrograde ureteral catheterization, intraluminal ureterotomy and/or balloon dilation, and percutaneous nephrostomy. The efficacy and major complications were summarized.

收集本院2002年l月至2006年6月的27例恶性肿瘤经治疗后发现腹膜后纤维化导致上尿路梗阻的患者，分别接受了经尿道逆行输尿管插管、输尿管狭窄内切开和／或扩张及经皮肾造瘘治疗，总结其疗效和主要并发症。

BACKGROUND: The autonomous neurogenic bladder is one of the common problems and difficulty in rehabilitation of patients with spine injury.

背景：神经源性膀胱尿道功能障碍是脊髓损伤康复治疗中常见问题和难题之一。

The positive rate in nonbacterial prostatitis was 16.2%while it was negative in all the controls (P＜0.01). In 4 of the PCR positive cases, the urine and urethral scrapping cells were free from HSV-Ⅱ.

结果：前列腺液中HSV-Ⅱ阳性率为16.2%，对照组均为阴性(P＜0.01)。4例前列腺液HSV-Ⅱ阳性者，前列腺按摩前初始尿和尿道粘膜脱落细胞PCR检测均为阴性。

This increases the pressure in the urethra, which forces urine down into the prostate. The thing with noninfectious p.

一些专家认为这些症状可能是由于膀胱和骨盆底部括约肌的痉挛所致，这加重了尿道的压力使得尿液流入前列腺。

The potential of spontaneous resolution for nonobstructive lesion was appreciated.

本篇报告与文献上有一相同的发现，那就是这些非阻塞性上泌尿道扩张绝大多数均可自行恢复。

Results: The infection rate of NI in the general hospital was 2.43%. The most frequent site of NI was lower respiratory tract (59.17%), followed by urinary tract (7.40%). Others such as gastrointestinal tract infection was 4.51% and skin-soft tissue infection was also 4.51%. The higher nosocomial infection rate was in departments of tumour, ICU, cadre ward, nosohemia. NI occurred mainly in patients with malignant tumor (7.18%), critical malignant tumor (5.97%), circulation system (3.75%).

结果：医院感染总发生率为2.43%；主要发生部位构成比中下呼吸道为最高(59.17%)，其次为泌尿道(7.40%)、胃肠道(4.51%)、皮肤软组织(4.51%)；各临床科室中，肿瘤科、ICU科、干部病房、血液科的医院感染发生率较高；各种类型疾病中，医院感染发生率最高为恶性肿瘤(7.15%)，其次为交界恶性肿瘤(5.97%)、循环系统疾病(3.75%)。

Methods Retrospective analysis of 24 cases of Onlay island flap procedures and 40 cases of Snodgrass procedures.

回顾性总结24例Onlay术和40例Snodgrass术治疗尿道下裂的临床资料，Onlay术组年龄2～10岁，平均4.72岁。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。