尿毒症的

Intermittent hemodialysis produces a dramatic alkalinization, frequently followed by a rebound of acidosis; however, CRRT slowly generates a steady-state concentration of both uremic solutes and organic acids in blood.

间歇性治疗会产生显著的碱血症，随后常常导致酸中毒的反弹。而CRRT则是缓慢地产生稳定浓度的尿毒症溶质和有机酸。

Results The reference range of serum Cys C in healthy people was ≤1.02 mg/L in our laboratory. The correlation coefficient between Cr and Cys C was 0.734 6. The serum level of Cys C in patient with DM was higher than that in healthy people. The level of Cys C in 2.18-3.15 mg/L and ≥3.16 mg/L could be defined as the limits of azotemia and uremia.

结果 本实验室健康人群Cys C参考范围为≤1.02 mg/L，Cys C与Cr的相关系数为0.734 6，Cys C水平在2.18~3.15 mg/L和≥3.16 mg/L可分别作为界定肾功能不全氮质血症期和尿毒症期的衡量标准，糖尿病患者的Cys C水平明显高于一般人群。

Meanwhile, the effects of different dialyzer membranes on the serum sCD 23 levels were investigated.

目的 观察尿毒症患者反映B细胞活化的血清sCD2 3 浓度水平的变化及不同种类透析膜对维持性血液透析患者血清sCD2 3 水平的影响。

Objective To investigate the existence of the erythropoiesis inhibitors.Methods The present study included twelve undialyzed ESRD patients with anemia.

目的 本文采用甲基纤维素细胞培养的方法，分析尿毒症患者血清对小鼠骨髓红系祖细胞集落形成的影响，初步探讨红细胞生成抑制因子的存在。

The high level of serum PTH not only affects the metablism of bone to severe renal osteopathy, but has negative effects on cardiovascularsystem, immune system and erythropoiesis so it has been a novel uremia toxin recently.

过度增高的血清PTH不仅影响骨质代谢，导致严重的肾性骨病，而且对心血管系统、免疫系统和红细胞生成等均有负性影响，已经成为一种新型的尿毒症毒素。

The immune defect in uremic patients include humoral and cellular. Especially the cellular defect will influence vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine and the same on other T-cell dependent vaccines include pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae.

尿毒症病人的免疫不全包含体液性与细胞性以及其他多种层面，尤其在细胞性缺陷上更是直接影响B型肝炎疫苗的免疫效果，以及其他T细胞依赖性疫苗(T-cell dependent vaccines)，例如：肺炎球菌疫苗、流行性感冒疫苗等。

Dialysers with copper membrane, polysulpone membrane and polypethyl methacrylate membrane were individually used, and the immune function indexes of erythrocyte RBC-C3b and RBC-IC in different timephase in the process of dialysis were observed....

结果：尿毒症病人的 RBC－C3b显著下降， RBC－IC显著增高。透析开始后，早期 RBC－C3b进一步下降，其后逐渐上升；而 RBC－IC早期逐渐增加，其后逐渐稳定。结论：Cu膜能明显地影响红细胞的免疫功能； Ps膜次之； PMMA膜对其影响最小。

Methods Treatment and nursing were performed on 25 patients with pulmonary edema related to uremia.When nursing patients with pulmonary edema related to uremia,besides general nursing measures,the following aspects should be included:（1）specially observing the blood pressure,respiration and arterial blood oxygen saturation and urine volume of patients;（2）controlling the blood pressure of patients effectively;（3）dialysing or ultrafiltrating in proper manner and at proper time,meanwhile nursing carefully during dialysis;（4）ameliorating the general nutritional status of patients to prevent infection of the lungs;（5）keeping firmly in mind the care program:post????oxygen????drugs of vasodilatation????hemodialysis;（6）controlling water drinking.

共治护25例肺水肿患者，对尿毒症性肺水肿除采取常规护理措施外，应做到以下几点特殊护理：（1）密切观察血压、呼吸、血氧饱和度、近期尿量变化；（2）有效控制血压；（3）采取不同的透析方式适时适量透析超滤并加强透析中的护理；（4）改善全身营养状况、纠正贫血、预防肺部感染；（5）牢记护理程序体位―吸氧―血管扩张药―血液透析；（6）严格控制入量。

Results The primary diseases in this group were hypertension for one case, uraemia for three cases and lupus nephropathy for another. Clinical features of five patients include acute onset of hypertension,headache with vomiting. Neurological symptoms were conscious disturbance, seizures (in 5 cases) and visual disorder (in 3 cases).The movement of limbs were normal.

结果 本组患者的原发病为：高血压1例，尿毒症3例，红斑狼疮1例。5例均为突然发作的血压增高、头痛伴呕吐、意识障碍及癫疒间等，3例有视觉障碍，肢体运动功能均正常。

Hemodialysis is often used as a treatment for end stage renal disease, or kidney failure, in which blood is removed from the body, filtered through an artificial kidney and then the cleaned blood is returned to the body.

血透时常作为尿毒症或肾衰的治疗，治疗时抽出身体中的血液，通过人工肾过滤接着净化血液再输回人体。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。