尺骨

Objective: To study the clinical effects of surgical treatment of olecranon fractures using the olecranon plants.

中文摘要：目的：探讨用尺骨鹰嘴解剖板治疗尺骨鹰嘴骨折的临床疗效。

Objective To contrast the effect of olecranon plate and tension band in treatment of olecranon fracture.

目的 比较尺骨鹰嘴钢板和张力带尺骨鹰嘴骨折的疗效。

Methods 63 cases with olecranon fracture were treated with olecranon plate(35 cases)and tension band(28 cases) and contrast their effects.

采用两种方法治疗尺骨鹰嘴骨折63例，尺骨鹰嘴钢板28例，张力带35例，比较其疗效。

Both olecranon steel plate and tension band are the effective treatments of olecranon fracture and should be used according to specific case.

尺骨鹰嘴钢板和张力带都是治疗尺骨鹰嘴骨折的有效方法，可根据具体情况选择使用。

Curative effect of two treatments has no significant statistics difference. Conclusion Both olecranon steel plate and tension band are the effective treatments of olecranon fracture and should be used according to specific case.

尺骨鹰嘴钢板和张力带都是治疗尺骨鹰嘴骨折的有效方法，可根据具体情况选择使用。

Take antebrachium far side strong pattern of cubital golf back side "" cut, wrist tendon and little finger are extended in feet side depart exposes ulna between inherent extensor tendon far end of joint of small head, oar issueing rule and ulna.

取前臂远侧尺骨背侧高尔夫球棒样&「&切口，在尺侧伸腕肌腱和小指固有伸肌腱之间分离暴露尺骨小头、下尺桡关节和尺骨远端。

In cubital bine dash forward carry 15 Mm part nearly, along with periosteum excises 10 Mm paragraph ulna piece, make the clearance of the cubital far joint that carry a holiday is controlled for 10 Mm.

在尺骨茎突近端15 mm处，连同骨膜切除10 mm段的尺骨块，使尺骨远端假关节的间隙为10 mm左右。

One part of the muscle tendon membrane turned into the intermuscular septum and another part stopped at the external bone surface of the olecranon. The radial collateral ligament stopping at the corocoid process of ulnar came into being the radial-ulnaris collateral ligament, and there were two types of stopping points of the radial-ulnaris collateral ligament and the annular ligament of radius on the ulna.

结果肘关节伸肌起始于肱骨外髁的肌腱膜上，肌腱膜部分随肌肉走行成为肌间隔，部分止于尺骨鹰嘴外侧骨面；桡侧副韧带止于尺骨冠突的部分为桡侧尺副韧带，其与桡骨环状韧带在尺骨上的止点有2种类型。

Results The anterior bundle of ulnar collateral ligament originates from the inferior aspect of the medial epicondyle and inserts immediately adjacent to the joint surface on the ulna near the sublimis tubercle. The posterior bundle originates from the medial epicondyle slightly posterior to its most inferior portion and inserts broadly on the olecranon process. The lateral collateral ligament arises from the inferior aspect of the lateral epicondyle. Two types of conjoined lateral collateral and annular ligamentous insertions on the ulna were observed. Type Ⅰ(61.2％) was bilobate and type Ⅱ(38.8％) was a single broad conjoined type with insertion on the ulna. The anterior band of anterior bundle was more tighten than the posterior band as the elbow flexed less than 60°. When the elbow flexed over 60°, the two parts of anterior bundle were equally tightened. The posterior bundle was tightened as the elbow was flexed more than 90°. The lateral collateral ligament was tightened gradually as the elbow moved in flexion.

结果(1)尺侧副韧带前束起于肱骨内上髁的前下方，止于尺骨冠突内侧的小结节；后束起于肱骨内上髁的内下方，止于尺骨鹰嘴内侧的骨面；(2)桡侧副韧带起于肱骨外上髁的外下方，其纤维部分止于环状韧带，部分止于尺骨冠突的外下方；桡侧副韧带和桡骨环状韧带在尺骨上的止点有两种类型：Ⅰ型占61.2％，桡侧副韧带的部分纤维汇于环状韧带的尺骨止点，另一部分纤维单独止于稍远的尺骨上；Ⅱ型占38.8％，桡侧副韧带和环状韧带形成一宽的纤维止于尺骨上；(3)在肘关节屈曲60°以前，尺侧副韧带前束的外侧部紧张而内侧部较松弛，肘关节屈曲超过60°后，前束内外侧处于同程度的紧张状态；尺侧副韧带的后束在肘关节屈曲超过90°后才被拉紧；(4)桡侧副韧带在肘关节不同屈曲状态时其紧张度逐渐增加，当肘关节屈曲超过90°时，桡侧副韧带被明显拉长。

Results:The anterior bundle of the UCL starts from anterior inferior part of the medial condyle,and ends on the sublimis tubercle in front of the coronoid process of ulna,locating in the deep layer of the flexor carpal ulnar muscle.The distance between ulnar nerve and UCL is (0.9±0.1)cm in the center of cubital tunnel,and (0.6±0.3)cm in the distal foramen of cubital tunnel.The distance from the point of ulnar nerve entering the flexor carpi ulnar muscle to the medial epicondyle is (3.7±0.8)cm.The distance between the closest branch innervated flexor muscle of the median nerve and the approach is (1.6±0.5)cm at the level of medial epicondyle,and (0.9±0.4)cm at the level of ulnar tubercle.

结果：UCL前束起于肱骨内侧髁的前下方，止于尺骨冠突内侧的小结节，UCL前束位于尺侧腕屈肌肱头、尺头之间的深层；尺神经在肘管中部与尺侧副韧带前束的平均距离为(0.9±0.1)cm，在肘管的远侧出口，距尺侧副韧带的尺骨止点(0.6±0.3)cm；尺神经至尺侧腕屈肌尺头肌支的入肌点距肱骨内侧髁的距离为(3.7±0.8)cm；正中神经最靠近切口的分支距切口的距离，在肱骨内侧髁和尺骨结节水平分别为(1.6±0.5)cm和(0.9±0.4)cm。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。