尺度参数

However,changing pattern of isogram of soil water content were similar between near layers along vertical section.

土壤水分的等值线在垂直剖面上的分布规律在相同的尺度下是不同的，并且与经典统计学参数所反映的垂直变化规律也不相同，但相邻层次上具有相似性。

The proposed method first uses common subtractive clustering locating method to acquire video object position and moving object number of each frame. Then, the proposed algorithm uses fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm to further cluster the moving object foreground pixel samples. Finally, matrix analysis theory for calculating eigenvalues and eigenvectors of covariance matrix is applied to compute the object scale and orientation parameters.

该算法在减法聚类算法预定位目标位置及获得目标个数的基础上，进一步采用模糊C均值聚类对目标前景样本进行归类，最后通过对目标前景样本协方差矩阵特征值和特征向量的分析获得目标的尺度及方向参数，从而实现对视频运动目标的定位。

The results of numerical experiments, using the four-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5, show that: the tangent linear model and adjoint model conducted by keeping the "on-off" switches the same as the basic state, can provide a good approximation of the first-order information to the NLM perturbation and a good descent direction for the minimization procedure; switching on and off at every other time step in the Kuo cumulus parameterization scheme don"t impact the convergence rate of cost function; the existence of the switches don"t impact improvement to the MM5 model rainfall prediction because that not only specific humidity ,but also wind, temperature and pressure are assimilated into the model.

非静力中尺度数值模式MM5的四维变分资料同化系统进行的数值试验结果表明："开关"变量保持与基态一致，所构造的切向线性模式能够提供关于非线性模式扰动的一阶近似，伴随模式所计算的梯度值能够为最小化过程提供较好的下降方向；郭氏降水参数化方案中对流每隔一个积分步的交替发生并不影响目标函数最小化的收敛速度；"开关"变量的存在也不影响将风、温度、气压和比湿结合起来同化对MM5降水预报准确性的提高。

On such a large time scale the radiation parameterization will become more and more significant.

在这种较大的时间尺度上，辐射的参数化将变得越来越重要。

Starting from a barotropic model equations including large-scale orography,friction and heat factor,by means of scale analysis and small parameter method,then a barotropic quasi-geostrophic model with large-scale orography,friction and heating is obtained.

从包含大地形、摩擦及加热作用的正压模式方程组出发，通过尺度分析、小参数展开和线性化等方法，导出一个含大地形、摩擦及加热作用的准地转正压模式。

These efforts help to disassemble the complex task of the ship structure knowledge system into some relatively simple sub-tasks, and to found the parameter representation method for concerned knowledge in the knowledge base of structure design.

船体结构布置和计算纷繁复杂，本文通过对大中型集装箱船的结构模块化分析和计算，给出了大中型集装箱船系列化的主尺度变换原则、结构模块的划分方法以及结构标准件和可变件划分计算方法，为集装箱船中剖面结构设计知识系统的任务分解以及结构设计知识库中的有关知识的参数化标准模块表示打下了基础。

Firstly, Dempster-Shafer is developed by not only considering the certainty of the evidence, but also considering the average support of the evidence to different subsets in the assignment framework so that it can give more reliable combination result. Secondly, amplitude ratio feature and Euclid distance of the probability density distribution function in Pearson graph from different temporal SAR images are extracted to present change feathers in different scales. Finally, the improved Dempster-Shafer algorithm is applied to fuse the two different features to detect change information of SAR images.

首先通过综合考虑证据本身的确信度和证据对辨别框架中子集的平均支持度进行证据间的加权合成，改进证据理论对证据的合成，提高其可靠性；然后提取不同时相图像间的散射幅度的对比度和概率密度分布函数在皮尔逊图中的欧式距离，两种特征参数代表了像元级和区域级不同空间尺度下微波遥感图像中关于地表变化的信息；最后将改进的证据理论用于两特征之间的融合处理，得到地表的变化信息。

So considering uncertainty variety of spatial data because of it, this paper introduces centriod as a reference point, and expanded uncertainty parameter changed with variable scales in 16-direction relation cone-shaped model and describes them with formalization. The model partitions the direction relations with smooth transition regions, which accord with percipience on direction concept description.

本文考虑了由此带来的空间数据不确定性变化，用质心作为参考点，并在16方向模型中添加了不确定度的参数，来适应尺度变化引起的空间关系的变化，并对其进行形式化描述，以更好的描述空间关系，使得方向关系的划分上有个平滑的过渡区，在方向概念的表达上更符合人的认知。

A mathod of obtaining the retention time, dimention and number density of little bubbles by underwater high-speed photomicrography technique is introduced.

本文提出了一种用水下高速显微摄影技术来获取小气泡在水中的滞留时间、尺度和数密度等重要参数的方法。

The multiple method of scale is used to obtain the averaged equations in primary parameter resonance. From the averaged equations, the theory of normal form is applied to find the explicit formulas of normalform associated with a double zero and a pair of pure imaginary eigenvalues with the aid of the Maple program.

利用多尺度方法得出了主参数共振情况下的平均方程，利用Normal Form理论对具有双零特征值和一对纯虚特征值的平均方程进行了简化，得到了平均系统的Normal Form。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。