尺度

The formation and development of the meso-β scale convective cloud clusters resulting in rainfallwith different intensities over the middle reachers of the Yangtze River are analysed.

本文对发生、发展在长江中游地区两个中-β尺度云团引起不同强度的降水，进行了对比分析，弄清它们之间的异同，进一步探讨了中-β尺度对流云团产生强降水的条件，从而为难以预报小范围的暴雨提供一些物理依据。

We performed a simulative test, which confirms that wavelet analysis can separate annual wobble and Chandler wobble. Our results show that this method can be used in astronomical geodynamies effectively. This paper is divided into two parts. The first is about statistic characteristic of polar motion. Polar motion includes secular motion, long period fluctuations, Chandler wobble, annual wobble and high frequency wobble. The secular motion is 3.4mas/year and towards 760W meridian. Long period fluctuations have difference periods in x-axis and y-axis. They are 31.7-year and 24-year in x-axis and 28.5-year and 22.9-year in y-axis. These 2~? decades fluctuations have an amplitude of about 30 mas , and are very nearly linearly polarized, with the observed motion of pole being almost entirely along a line between 360E and 1440W. There is a 55.4-year wobble whose amplitude is 9 mas. The amplitude of the interannual fluctuations is about 4? mas. The amplitude of long period fluctuations decreased after 1970. The annual wobble is a steady wobble. It retrograde wobble is only 1/20 of prograde wobble in amplitude.

本文的工作主要分为两部分：第一部分是通过分析POLE97序列，我们对极移的统计特性有了一个较全面的认识，极移主要包括趋势项、长周期项、Chandler项、周年项和高频项：趋势项的方向是西经76°，速度为每年3.4mas；长周期项中Markowitz 项在X、Y两个方向有不同的周期，它们分别是：X方向的两个周期是31.7年和24 年，Y方向的两个周期为28.5年和22.9年它们叠加在一起是一个线偏振运动，最大振幅约为30mas，偏振方向在西经144°和东经36°之间；极移的长周期波动中还存在一个 55.4年周期的圆周运动，振幅约为9mas；十年尺度变化的振幅在4～6mas之间，在Y 方向十年尺度的成份比较多，它们的周期在X方向和Y方向不是对应的；从七十年代年开始长周期变化的振幅明显降低；周年项是一个振幅稳定的摆动，在X、Y两个方向的振幅略有差别，逆向运动振幅大约为顺向运动振幅的1/20；Chandler摆动的振幅自1900年以来经历了几次较大的变化，其中包括1915年和1955年两次极大值，振幅分别达到0&。25和0&。28，以及1925～1940期间小于0.09的过程，Chandler项在X、Y 两个方向的振幅几乎完全相等，其逆向运动振幅不到顺向运动振幅的1/50。

Five area in three sub-climatic belts are studied, which are the bound area of Jinhe river on Weihe river, South area of Zhengzhou City in Henan, North Area of Nanchang in Jiangxi, South bank of estuarine of Yangtze river in Shanghai and North bank of estuarine of Zhujiang river in Shenzhen by line transect and point count methods from Winter to the next Fill in different scales.

探讨大尺度空间上鸟类多样性和群落结构的异质性、不同统计工具的应用和改良、以及景观生态学和鸟类群落生态学在空间尺度和异质性上的交融等问题，得出以下结果

During numerical simulation,the scale effects of the microstructure of the honeycomb on its structural mechanical performance was studied through changing the scale factor of its unit cell while the volume fraction of the materials remains unchanged.

数值模拟实验中，在材料组分比一定的情况下，通过缩放因子改变单胞尺寸，研究同种蜂窝微结构对结构力学性能影响的尺度效应；同时验证了不同多孔材料微结构构型对结构刚度的影响；在稳态温度载荷的作用下，热变形引起弯曲变形，利用微结构的构型差异和尺度效应共同作用实现结构最大挠度的控制。

Parameterized unit cell of 3-D five-directional braided composites;2. During numerical simulation,the scale effects of the microstructure of the honeycomb on its structural mechanical performance was studied through changing the scale factor of its unit cell while the volume fraction of the materials remains unchanged.

数值模拟实验中，在材料组分比一定的情况下，通过缩放因子改变单胞尺寸，研究同种蜂窝微结构对结构力学性能影响的尺度效应；同时验证了不同多孔材料微结构构型对结构刚度的影响；在稳态温度载荷的作用下，热变形引起弯曲变形，利用微结构的构型差异和尺度效应共同作用实现结构最大挠度的控制。

At large scale, the result of comparing of optimization structure of forest type with the present structure of forest type illustrates that the present economical forest area is larger while the mixed forest is smaller. So decreasing economical forest area and increasing mixed forest area should be the main measurements to optimize spatial patterns. At small scale, the evaluation of the landscape inner structure index illustrates that the forest structure and coverage is smaller, which should be regulated and so the uneven-aged, multi-layered and mixed forest should be the object of the forest structure design.

大尺度上根据植被类型优化结构和现有植被类型结构数据的对比分析可知，现有经济林面积则过大，混交林面积较小，因此主要是减少经济林面积，改造针叶和阔叶纯林为混交林，从而增加混交林面积，以达到最优植被类型结构时的空间配置；在小尺度上通过对景观内部结构指数的计算分析可知，该区林分结构和郁闭度分指数值较小，应予以着力调整；由研究结果可知，异龄、多层次、混交的水源保护功能最好，因此稳定的林分结构设计目标就是尽量使林分形成异龄、多层次、混交林。

To track objects with scale changes in a complex scene, a particle filter based object tracking approach is proposed in this paper.

针对复杂情况下变尺度目标跟踪问题，提出一种基于粒子滤波的自适应尺度目标跟踪算法。

The dimension model of the target is established in target frame.

针对大尺度目标，在目标坐标系下建立了目标外形尺度模型。

On the basis of the research on the loading spectrum and spindle speed spectrum of CNC lathes, the combined distribution principle of the torque of spindle and spindle speed of the CNC lathe is studied.

数据处理结果表明X轴进给传动系统载荷服从形状参数为1.699、尺度参数为7.596的伽玛分布；Z轴进给传动系统载荷服从形状参数为1.077、尺度参数为5.905的伽玛分布。

A new method of automatic segmentation is developed based on the extreme point properties of wavelet transform. The method consists of two main steps: 1. Using the multi-resolution properties of wavelet transform, we can get the information of shape variation with space coordination.

该方法包括两个主要步骤，一是利用小波变换的多分辨率特性得到测井曲线的形态特性随空间坐标的变化信息；二是利用小波变换过零点的特征在不同尺度上的反映，提取不同尺度下的奇异点作为分层的待参考点，结合实际情况最终确定分层点。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新