尺度

In chapter 5, the concept of zero-span tension known in papermaking area is for the first time introduce to wood science area to explore in-tree variation of longitudinal tensile strength of tracheids and its main influencing factors. In chapter 6, composite micromechanics and classic laminated theory are used to make a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the main influencing factors of mechanical properties of tracheids cell wall. Some experimental results acquired in the foregoing chapters are explained successfully. Results were summarized as follows: Mechanical characteristics of wood at micron scale: 1 At micron scale, the longitudinal mechanicai behavior of wood microtome section differs greatly from that of wood with normal size.

论文的第2章首先研究了微米尺度下木材的力学特性，为后面运用木材微切片拉伸技术奠定一定的理论基础；在第3章，首次考虑到了微米尺度下木材力学性质的尺寸效应，并运用木材微切片正常间距拉伸技术研究了管胞纵向弹性模量的株内变异规律；在第4章，首次利用纳米压痕技术中最新发展起来的连续刚度测量法直接在管胞细胞壁上进行纳米级的压痕实验，测量次生壁S〓层的纵横向弹性模量和硬度，从而把细胞壁力学的研究提高到一个更高的水平；在第5章，首次把造纸领域的零距拉伸技术引入木材科学研究领域，研究了管胞纵向抗拉强度的株内变异规律及其主要影响因素；第6章则运用复合材料细观力学的基本理论和经典层板理论对影响细胞壁力学性能的主要因素进行了全面而系统的分析，并为前几章的一些实验结果提供理论上的解释。

So, polymer melt filling flow behaviors in microscale in special microscale effectswere researched, and distributions of temperature, pressure and velocity, etc. were gained. Onthis basis, numerical simulations were carried out and molding process experiments werestudied, all of which are momentously theoretical and practical significance on optimizationdesign of micro injection mold and on improving the quality of micro plastic part.

因此，对微尺度下熔体充模流动行为尤其对微尺度效应进行深入研究，获得微小型腔内熔体的温度、压力及速度场，在此基础上进行数值模拟与成型工艺试验，对设计优化微注塑模具、合理设置成型工艺参数和提高微塑件质量都具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。

But verification of MOND, like dark matter, has suffered from the fact that it manifests itself only on very large scales, comparable to the size of galaxies, and so is not amenable to local tests.

可是 MOND 同暗物质一样，都受到了实践的限制。它同暗物质一样，要在可以与星系尺度相比拟的、非常巨大的尺度上才能得到证明，也不服从局部的试验。

So in the master class, he encouraged all the teams should not be limited by the existing site condition. The projects should not only solve the problems but also give the vision of development to the future. He considered that the projects should beyond the local scale of city fabric. The projects should have monumentality and publicness but not just become the local community centers.

Elia Zenghelis 指出：与当今作为市场的象征的那些自我所指和自恋的结构不同，例如地标或"标志性建筑"，我们要倡导巨大的建筑装置，它是具有空前尺度的，精确的，克制的和单纯而尺度巨大的都市形式－一种针式的地形学建筑——它能凝聚正在蔓延的整个都市化。

Satellite remote sensing is the most effective means to identify land cover pattern and change on a regional scale, so it should be an important way to discriminate multiple cropping characteristics on a large scale.

卫星遥感是探测大尺度土地覆被格局及变化最有效手段，因此可以作为获取区域和全国尺度作物复种指数的一个重要途径。

Regression noise, and the multivariate t distribution statistics of the regression noise.

分布对高维多尺度回归噪声先验概率密度进行建模，构造出适用于检测高光谱图像中区域目标的空间多尺度自回归有监督检

At last, the level and noise for wavelet scale function are also discussed.

最后讨论了小波变换级和噪声对尺度函数分析方法的影响，表明小波尺度函数的降噪作用是十分明显的。

First, the proposed scheme uses contourlet transform to extract multidirectional and multiscale texture information, and then obtains the feature points invariant to the affine transformation from the low and middle directional subbands by Harris-Affine detector. Second, the feature regions are adaptively computed by the feature scale of the local structure and normalized by U transform. The watermarking is embedded adaptively in those characteristic regions which are normalized. Finally, by vector quantization, several copies of the watermark are embedded into the no overlapped local feature regions in different directional subbands.

首先，用Contourlet变换提取出多尺度、多方向的纹理信息；再用Harris-Affine检测算子从变换域的中、低频方向子带中提取出仿射不变特征点，结合自适应局部结构的特征尺度确定特征区域，并用U变换对其归一化处理，水印就自适应地嵌入到归一化后的区域中；水印嵌入采纳矢量量化的策略，将水印信息重复嵌入到不同方向子带、多个不相交的局部仿射不变特征区域。

The stress fields from middle and large scales of mantle convection may jointly lead to the northwestward rifling of Japan, the southeastward rifling of Sea South China Sea, and specific tectonic features of the Ryukyu and Philippine arcs.

中尺度和大尺度地幔流应力场的共同作用，可以解释日本海盆北西向和南海海盆东南向的不对称扩张特性，及各段沟弧系的构造活动差异。

Numerical results show that constant coagulation kernel has more influences on small particles than linear and quadratic coagulation kernel,whereas has less influences on big particles than linear and quadratic coagulation kernel;in the same wa...

发现常凝并核要比线性和二次方凝并核对小颗粒的影响大一些、对大颗粒的影响小一些，线性和二次方凝并核对颗粒尺度分布的时间演变影响则取决于具体情况；常冷凝核要比线性冷凝核对小颗粒的影响大一些、对大颗粒的影响小一些；连续区布朗凝并核类似于常凝并核；扩散冷凝核对颗粒尺度分布的影响界于常冷凝核和线性冷凝核之间。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。