小麦的

With the increase of the carbon dioxide density to enhance the impact on the wheat conductivity and the MAD density, the rise in the CO2 density causes the reduction of the exosmosis conductivity and the increase of the MDA content, the change of which is the same as the exosmosis conductivity.

第三部分是CO2浓度升高对小麦叶片活性氧的影响，再次增加二氧化碳浓度进行实验，观察小麦H2O2含量和超氧负离子自由基的影响，得到的结果是高浓度二氧化碳可以降低小麦叶片中活性氧的含量，因而能够减轻H2O2的毒害作用。

The system could provide the real-time information on occurrence of more than 60 different kinds of diseases and pests in wheat, corn, rice, potato, sorghum and millet of China as well as diagnosing, knowledge providing and short-term controlling decision for nine kinds of important diseases and insect pests, including powdery mildew, sharp eyespot and scab of wheat, rice blast, rice false smut, potato late blight, aphids, grain gall midge of wheat and corn borer, based on crop resistance, primary level of pests and short-term weather forecast.

本系统能够对小麦、玉米、水稻、马铃薯、高粱和谷子6种主要粮食作物的60余种病虫害进行实时监测、预警、诊断、提供植保知识，能够对年度间同期病情、虫情做出图形比较，可将抽象的预警数据转化成清晰简明的点图式电子地图，直观明了地显示病虫害发生点数及地域分布，可根据品种的抗病虫性、病虫害发生基数和未来天气预报等信息对小麦白粉病、赤霉病、纹枯病、稻瘟病、稻曲病、马铃薯晚疫病、麦蚜、小麦吸浆虫和玉米螟9种重要病虫害做出短期防治决策，系统的运行有助于提高人们对主要粮食作物病虫害管理的科学水平。

The study suggest:(1) The observation of satellites in root tip and multiplex PCR makers could accurately identify the homozygous and the heterozygosis of 1BL/1RS translocation.(2) Through the restoring degree we could confirm the success of the transfer. The combination of the restoring degree and the agronomy property could increase the efficiency of practical application.(3) This study proposed the transformation from the physiological male sterile to the genetic male sterile, and then establish a method of utilize the strong superiority crosses.

其中复合引物PCR更适合于回交后代中大量目标种子的筛选；(2)恢复基因转育后代定株与不育系测交，依据测交恢复度可准确确定恢复基因在回交后代的延续，恢复基因定株定向转育与性状选择结合可大大提高转育后代的实际应用效果；(3)本研究提出的粘类小麦雄性不育恢复基因Rfv1定向转育体系，可有效地实现小麦由化控强优势组合向三系强优势组合的定向转化，即生理型不育途径向遗传型不育途径的定向转化，进而建拓一套杂交小麦强优势组合多途径利用新体系。

In order to discuss the signal transduction mechanism,wheat cultivar Lovrin10 and different leaf rust fungus races were used to form compatible and incompatible interaction groups to study the role of drugs affecting calcium metabolism and calcium channel on HR induced by wheat leaf rust fungus.

为进一步探讨小麦抵抗叶锈菌侵染的防卫反应的信号转导机制，利用小麦品种洛夫林10和不同叶锈菌生理小种组成亲和与不亲和组合，研究影响Ca2+代谢和钙通道的药物对小麦受叶锈菌侵染后诱发的HR的作用。

With vertical-section analysis, in the later of experiment, naked terra and wheat land make content of soluble salt high in 0～20cm,and decreasing with deepening of soil-layer; the content value of planting two-year-old Onobrychis viciaefolia 、one-year-old Onobrychis viciaefolia 、interplanting and sequential cropping in the every soil-layer is equal; in harvest, only planting wheat and interplanting display content of soluble salt is high in middle-layer (20～60cm) and low in surface and down layers(0～20cm,60～80cm).

土壤垂直剖面分析，试验末期裸地的土壤盐分表现为0～20cm 土层高，随土层深入含量逐渐降低；二年生红豆草、一年生红豆草、套种和复种处理的土壤盐分均表现出各层含量近似相等的特征；小麦收获期，单作小麦和小麦套种地各土层的可溶性盐含量均表现为中层(20～60cm)高、上下层(0～20cm 和60～80cm)低的特征。

Besides replacing varieties, research and extending of high-yield wheat cultivation technology was a strong support of the sustainable development of wheat production. At this stage, these technologies were adjusting the amount of seeding, regulating fertilizer, ridging and conservation tillaging technology, etc.

除了更新品种，小麦高产栽培技术的研究和推广也是小麦生产持续发展的强力支持，现阶段已形成以调整播量为核心的的高产栽培技术、以调节施肥为核心的的高产栽培技术，还有小麦垄作技术、保护性耕作技术等。

In order to study transmission of 6VS/6AL chromosome through gametes and its genetic stability in different genetic background, the 6VS/6AL translocation line 92R137 (highly resistant to powdery mildew) were respectively crossed to common wheat varieties Bainong 64, Bainong 9310, Han 5310, Xiaoyan 54, Huaimai 20 and Xumai 856 introduced from different areas of China and the hybrids F1 were backcrossed as male and female.

为研究小麦－簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位染色体在不同小麦背景中的遗传稳定性及其在配子中的传递，利用高抗白粉病的普通小麦－簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位系92R137与不抗白粉病的栽培品种百农64、百农9310、邯5310、小偃54、淮麦20、徐麦856进行杂交，并用这些品种分别与杂种Fl进行正反回交。

Wheat is the single most important crop, and the Prairie Provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan form one of the greatest wheat-growing areas of the world, producing more than one-fifth of the world's supply.

小麦是单一的最重要的农作物，艾伯塔、曼尼突巴和萨斯喀彻温省形成了世界上最大的小麦种植基地，其产量占据全世界小麦产量的五分之一以上。

Breeding wheat cultivars with low deoxynivalenol content is an effective approach to control the toxin contamination in wheat grains caused by wheat scab. In this paper, two methods for the determination of DON content in wheat grains, DON test-HPLC and GC-MS, were compared.

为选育赤霉病毒素含量低的小麦品种，减轻赤霉病危害，在比较了免疫亲和柱液相色谱法(DON test-HPLC)和气质联用法测定小麦中毒素含量的特点的基础上，利用两种方法对自然发病和赤霉病菌人工接种的小麦籽粒DON含量进行测定。

The results showed that with the immersion time of straw and straw leaching solution concentration increased, the germination rate of wheat seed decreases, the time of emergence of wheat seed also will extend the POD activity of wheat seedlings, SOD activity and root activity show a downward trend , leaf MDA content was increased.

结果表明，随着秸秆浸泡时间的延长和秸秆浸出液浓度的增加，小麦种子的萌发率随之降低，小麦种子的出苗时间也随之延长，小麦幼苗POD活性增加，SOD活性和根系活力呈现下降趋势，叶片MDA含量却升高。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。