小麦的

The average heterosis of spike number per plant and 1 000-grain-weight were high and obviously related to yield heterosis at 0. 01 and 0. 05 level, respectively; the average yield heterosis of F1 hybrids between common wheat and club wheat was 77. 19%(ranged from-2. 18% to 143. 42%), the average heterosis of spike number per plant and spike grain number were high and both was also obviously related to yield heterosis at 0. 01 level.

结果发现：小麦种间杂种在产量上具有明显的杂种优势，其中斯卑尔脱小麦与普通小麦所配的30个种间杂交组合产量杂种优势平均为109.24%(43.14%～187.96%)，单株穗数及千粒重平均优势较大且与产量优势的相关分别达极显著水平和显著水平；密穗小麦与普通小麦所配的30个种间杂种的杂种优势为77.19%(-2.18%～143.42%)，单株穗数和主穗粒数优势较大且与产量优势的相关均达极显著水平。

The SCA effect was important in the heterosis of the spike number per plant of the intervarietal hybrid, the SCA and GCA were both important in the heterosis of the grain number of main spike of the intervarietal hybrid; the SCA effect played an major role in the heterosis of the spike number per plant of the interspecific crosses of the common wheat and club wheat, the SCA effect played an major role in the heterosis of the 1000-grain weight of the interspecific crosses of the common wheat and spelt wheat.

普通小麦品种间杂种每株穗数杂种优势中，特殊配合力所代表的非加性遗传效应起了主要作用，而主穗粒数杂种优势中一般配合力、特殊配合力所代表的加性、非加性遗传效应所起的作用相当；普通小麦与密穗小麦种间杂种主穗粒数杂种优势中特殊配合力所代表的非加性遗传效应起了主要作用；普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦间杂种千粒重杂种优势中特殊配合力所代表的非加性遗传效应起了主要作用。

Durum is the hardest of all wheat and typically contains higher average protein content (12％～ 14％)than wheat of other classes. With a general shortage of protein in the world, breeders focus on improving the total amount of protein in wheat.

多伦小麦是小麦中最坚硬的，含有典型的与其它品种的小麦相比较高的平均蛋白质含量(12％～14％)，由于在世界上的通常缺少蛋白质，因此种植者把重点放在改善提高小麦中的蛋白质总含量。

Orientale additional and substitutional lines. chromosome number of 96 BC2 F3 individuals were accounted. Fifteen plants with 2n= 43 and eight plants with 2n= 44 were checked out. GISH results of the individuals with 43 chromosomes showed that they blonged to three different monosomic additions. Two disomic additions, ine double-monosomic addition, one trible- monosomic addition and one monosomic addition were found in the 2n = 44 individuals. One double-monosomic substitution and one monosomic sustitution were obtained.

为了筛选小麦-旱麦草异附加系、异代换系，对普通小麦品种Fukuho×东方旱麦草属间杂种的BC2F3代材料的96粒种子进行了染色体数目的检测，共检出15粒2n=43的种子，8粒2n=44的种子，进一步对以上材料进行的基因组DNA原位杂交，共鉴定出3个单体附加系，2个二体附加系，1个双单体附加，1个小麦三体单体附加，1个附加3条东方旱麦草染色体的小麦单体，在染色体数为42的个体中，检测出1个单体代换，1个双单体代换。

This conclusion is based on three groups of experiments with detached root tips of wheat seedlings: By following the time course changes of NO synthase , superoxide synthase and ABA accumulation under dehydration stress, we found that ABA accumulation was preceeded by the changes of NOS and superoxide synthase. ABA accumulation induced by dehydtrion stress and osmotic stress can be blocked by NO scanvegers and NOS inhibitors, while only dehydration stress-induced ABA accumulation can be blocked by ROS scanvegers. Exogenous applied NO or ROS induced ABA accumulation in root tips of wheat seedlings, and synergistic effects were found between NO and NO. The in planta expereiments also proved that ROS and NO are involved in water stress-induced ABA accumulation.Ⅱ.

证据主要来自以离体根尖为材料的实验：(1)通过检测干旱胁迫下小麦根尖NOS活性、O〓合成酶活性和ABA积累的时间变化进程，发现ABA积累滞后于ROS和NO的变化；(2)抑制剂实验表明，NO清除剂和NOS抑制剂可以抑制自然干旱胁迫及渗透胁迫诱导的小麦根尖ABA积累，ROS清除剂抑制自然干旱胁迫诱导的ABA积累而不抑制渗透胁迫诱导的小麦根尖ABA积累；(3)在非胁迫条件下施加外源的ROS或NO可以诱导小麦根尖积累ABA，ROS和NO之间具有协同作用。

The changes of nitrogen content, free amino acid, C/N ratio and chlorophyll content of wheat in wheat-faba bean intercropping system were studied by pot experiment with 3 N levels 0, 75 and 150 mg Nkg^(-1 soil. The results showed that leaf nitrogen content of intercropped wheat was higher than that of monocultured wheat at 3N level at tilling and booting stages, but was lower at heading stages.

为了解小麦蚕豆间作系统中小麦氮同化物的变化特征，探讨小麦蚕豆间作提高作物抗病性的可能机制，通过盆栽试验的方法，研究了小麦植株全氮含量、叶片游离氨基酸、叶片C/N比和叶绿素含量的动态变化及供氮水平对其的影响。

Trans- formants were identified by PCR using the specific primer of high molecular weight glutenin subunit 14 gene.

采用花粉管通道法，将小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白14亚基基因导入洛阳8716、陕354、陕893、小偃107和陕1505种不含该亚基的小麦品种中，转化后代在大田播种出苗后，利用小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白14亚基基因特异性引物进行PCR检测，分析其转化率。

A significant difference was observed in the distribution of incorporated amounts comared between pistils and stamens.

小麦化学杀雄是一项育种新技术，为了获取大量的小麦杂交种子，选用某些化学药剂，在小麦

From 2006 to 2008, Yannong 19and Wanmai 50 were used to study the super-high-yield wheat in Huaibei cultivation conditions, with the different period of nitrogen top dressing.

中文摘要：2006～2008年，以强筋小麦烟农19和中筋小麦皖麦50为材料，研究淮北地区小麦超高产栽培条件下，等量氮肥不同追肥时期对产量、品质的影响。

Hydroponic experiments were performed to study the genotypic differences in toxic effects of oxytetracycline, a kind of tetracycline, on the root of wheat. Results were presented as follows: 1）The significant genotypic differences in responses of wheat to oxytetracycline were found.

为了研究土霉素对小麦毒性效应的品种间差异，收集了63个小麦品种，根据土霉素对小麦种根影响的试验结果，从中筛选出对土霉素耐性相差最大的两个小麦品种，探讨了土霉素对这两个小麦品种叶片叶绿素含量的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。