小骨的

For an orthodontic case with the discrepancy of the discoordination between the length of palate bone and tooth size or for a case with skeletal discrepancy of the unsymmetry upper and lower jaw in their size and position, the most common treatment i

摘要一般矫正治疗，对于齿槽骨和牙齿大小长度总和的不调和或上下颚骨骨骼性大小、位置不对称，其处置原则通常都以上下颚第一小臼齿或第二小臼齿等4齿做为拔除对象来进行矫正治疗。

For an orthodontic case with the discrepancy of the discoordination between the length of palate bone and tooth size or for a case with skeletal discrepancy of the unsymmetry upper and lower jaw in their size and position, the most common treatment is to extract the upper ahd lower first or the second premolar.

一般矫正治疗，对於齿槽骨和牙齿大小长度总和的不调和或上下颚骨骨骼性大小、位置不对称，其处置原则通常都以上下颚第一小臼齿或第二小臼齿等4齿做为拔除对象来进行矫正治疗。

Here we present a case of 21 year-old male who suffered from recurrent swelling in left side of mandible which had received surgery for ossifying fibroma in another hospital when he was 19 years old. Obvious facial asymmetry was noted but no sensory dysfunctions were detected. The lesion showed well-demarcated, multilocular radiolucency but radiopacity centrally. We applied segmental resection via extra-oral approach and reconstructed with anterior iliac crest bone graft. After removal of MMF in six week, the wound healed well and joint function was good without malocclusion. After follow-up of one year, no recurrences were noted.

本病例为－21岁之男性，在19岁时因为左下颚骨角区肿大在某医院接受外科手术处理，术后病理报告为骨化纤维瘤，因为复发的肿胀而来本院寻求治疗，临床检查并无疼痛及下唇区感觉异常的问题，放射线影像为周界清晰，多腔室放射透过性合并中央放射不透过性之不规则小块，手术方式为从口外颚下切线，做下颚骨片段式切除，并以肠骨脊海绵骨移植修补骨缺损加以颚间固定六周，术后伤口恢复及愈合良好，颚骨关系稳定无咬合异常的情况，无张口受限的问题。

Large cancellous and corticocancellous grafts may be obtained from the anterosuperior iliac crest and the posterior iliac crest. Small cancellous grafts may be obtained from the greater trochanter of the femur, femoral condyle, proximal tibial metaphysis, medial malleolus of the tibia, olecranon, and distal radius. At least 2 cm of subchondral bone must remain to avoid collapse of the articular surface.

大块的松质骨或皮质-松质骨复合植骨块，可取自髂前上棘或髂后棘，小块松质骨块可以取自股骨大粗隆、股骨髁、胫骨近侧干骺端、内踝、尺骨鹰嘴及桡骨远端，但至少要保留2cm的软骨下骨以防止关节面的塌陷。

Methods For gain optimal operation outcome,we used prolong carved mandible angle osteotomy by intraoral approach.we extended osteotomy line to mental nerve.and mental tuber was scoured,Augmentation chin or genioplasty was performed if the patient was subject to microgenia.

为获得更好的术后效果，我们采用口内入路下颌角弧形截骨术，将弧形截骨线延长到颏神经处，并对颏结节进行打磨，使截骨线延续流畅，伴小颏者同时行隆颏或颏截骨前移。

Results: At the concentrations of 0.1, 1 and 10 μmol/L, berberine dose-dependently suppressed the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells, the TRAP activity and the osteoclastic bone resorption. The strongest inhibitory effect was exhibited at the concentration of 10 μmol/L, with the inhibiting rate of 60.45%, 42.12% and 72.69% respectively.

结果：小檗碱在0.1~10μmol/L范围内，浓度依赖性地抑制TRAP阳性多核破骨细胞的形成和TRAP活性，减少破骨性骨吸收陷窝的面积；在10μmol/L浓度下，对破骨细胞的抑制作用最强，对TRAP阳性多核破骨细胞的形成和TRAP活性的抑制率分别达到了60.45%和42.12%，骨吸收陷窝面积减少72.69%。

Methods From February 2000 to February 2006, 19 patients with DDH, whose acetabula were shallow and small and femoral head were big, were treated by reformative Pemberton acetabular osteotomy.

000年2月~2006年2月，对DDH髋臼浅而小、股骨头大的19例21个髋关节，在通常术式的基础上，对Pemberton截骨术式进行改良，将截骨点下移，扩大翻转骨瓣面积；取股骨截骨段植骨。

Methods From March 1994 to December 2002, on the basis of the ordinary operative method, Pemberton method was improved for 48 cases of DDH 49 articulatio coxae which had superficial and small acetabula but big heads of femur. Osteotomy points were moved higher to enlarge area of bone flap turned over. A piece of full thickness ilium including periosteum was removed as a free bony graft. Capsula articularis growing thicker was made into 2 layers, of which the inner layer was used to tighten articularis and the outer layer was used to stabilize bone flap.

1994年3月～2002年12月，对DDH髋臼浅而小、股骨头大的48例49个髋关节，在通常术式的基础上，对Pemberton截骨术式进行改良，将截骨点上移，扩大翻转骨瓣面积；取髂骨全层骨板连带附着的骨膜植骨；增厚的关节囊制成两层，内层紧缩关节，外层稳定骨瓣。

Drills in the median line with the small crack marks the good median line position, The horizontal osteotomy is then completed with a saw, and removal of midline wedge of bone from a lingual approach.

在中线用小裂钻标记好中线位置，在左右下牙6到6之间截骨，截骨完成后，再于颏部中央截取底边在舌侧的等腰三角形骨块，将颏部骨块内旋，在唇侧表面以微型钛板固定。

Background Osteoporosis was considered as dysostosis disorder due to the damage of microstructure of bony tissues, the persistent decreasing of bony matrixes and mineral bones, thinness of sclerotin, the decrease of the number of trabecular bones, and the increasing of bony fragility and the risk of fracture.

研究背景骨质疏松(osteoporosis，OP)是以骨组织显微结构受损、骨矿成分和骨基质等比例地不断减少，骨质变薄，骨小梁数目减少，骨脆性增加和骨折危险度升高的一种全身骨代谢障碍的疾病。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。