小骨

The results show that: the input of the internal fixation implant should be in accordance with the compressive trabeculae and be clingy with the femoral calcar; the stress distribution of the femur under external violence explained why the old people are easy to get the middle and low part fractures of the femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures.

分析结果表明：股骨颈处的压力骨小梁和股骨距是重要的承载结构，临床医学治疗股骨颈骨折时，内固定物的放置应循压力骨小梁方向并尽量紧贴股骨距钻入；暴力作用时股骨上端的应力分布特点从生物力学的角度说明了老年人易于发生股骨颈中下段骨折和转子间骨折的原因。

For an orthodontic case with the discrepancy of the discoordination between the length of palate bone and tooth size or for a case with skeletal discrepancy of the unsymmetry upper and lower jaw in their size and position, the most common treatment i

摘要一般矫正治疗，对于齿槽骨和牙齿大小长度总和的不调和或上下颚骨骨骼性大小、位置不对称，其处置原则通常都以上下颚第一小臼齿或第二小臼齿等4齿做为拔除对象来进行矫正治疗。

For an orthodontic case with the discrepancy of the discoordination between the length of palate bone and tooth size or for a case with skeletal discrepancy of the unsymmetry upper and lower jaw in their size and position, the most common treatment is to extract the upper ahd lower first or the second premolar.

一般矫正治疗，对於齿槽骨和牙齿大小长度总和的不调和或上下颚骨骨骼性大小、位置不对称，其处置原则通常都以上下颚第一小臼齿或第二小臼齿等4齿做为拔除对象来进行矫正治疗。

After one year of low-calcium diet, the BMD of lumbar spine was measured again to ensure the eatablishment of osteoporosis animal model. According to the ladin square design, 20mg bBMP/fibrin sealant, 20mg bBMP and FS were injected into L4、L5、L6 vertebra respectively.

术后3个月时，①采用组织病理学对骨小梁结构进行组织病理学观察；②采用DEXA对腰椎椎体骨质的整体骨密度进行测量；③采用MicroCT对骨小梁微观三维结构进行分析；④采用生物力学实验评估椎体骨质的结构力学强度。

After the EPS was implanted in each condyles of femur, sheep were given 3 months' breeding. Microtome sections were made, stained with gufen and ponceau, and then histological observation was made by microscope.

结果 片经骨粉染色和丽春红三色染色，见新生骨小梁长入膨胀后的螺钉缝隙中，并与EPS周围的骨小梁相延续、延伸至膨胀中心。

Femal rats were ovariectomized to build the model of osteoporosis, and then treated with Chinese drugs and stilbestrol respectively for 3 months. The results showed that both Chinese drugs and stilbestrol prevented the BMD, RBS and BTV from further declining in osteoporotic rats; but could not raise the BMD, RBS and BTV that had declined.

用卵巢切除的方法建立大鼠骨质疏松模型，然后对模型分别给乙烯雌酚或中药治疗3个月后发现，乙烯雌酚或中药治疗可以阻止股骨密度，抗弯强度和胫骨骨小梁体积的下降，但两种药物均不能使已经下降的股骨密度、抗弯强度和胫骨骨小梁体积升高。

This in vivo study was to examine the historical changes of implanted novel chitosan/collagen composite barrier for confirming the clinical feasibility. Four other commercial GTR membranes were chosen for comparison. Among the resorbable GTR membranes, BioMend Extend and Peri-Aid are collagen base, and GORE-TEX OSSEOQUEST is synthesized membrane, while GORE-TEX e-PTFE (Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) is synthesized but non-resorbable. Beagle dogs were used as animal model. Buccal mucoperiosteal flaps were reflected in the bilateral mandibular premolar and molar areas. Buccal alveolar bone was reduced on 1st、2nd premolar and molar to a level 5 mm apical to the cemento-enemel junction. Root surface was denuded of periodontal ligament and cementum, and notches were placed at the bone level of each root. The tested GTR barriers were implanted in critical bone defect areas. Flaps were coronally positioned and sutured. Two beagle dogs were sacrificed each time as the designed time period after surgery. Histological and histometirc evaluation at 7 days、14 days、28 days、3 months were performed post-operatively to determine the healing response of each treatment modality.

本研究之目的在评估与工研院生医中心合作发展出可吸收性去乙醯几丁聚醣/胶原蛋白复合之组织导引再生膜片，并选择与可吸收性之BioMend Extend 及Peri-Aid 胶原蛋白膜片，和GORE-TEX OSSEOQUEST 合成高分子膜片，及不可吸收之GORE-TEX e-PTFE合成高分子膜片，等其他四种市售商品材料共同对照评估，应用8只年龄为12个月的雄性小猎犬，均分4组(分别为7天、14天、28天、3个月)，为动物活体评估模式，在实验犬之左、右下颚第一、二小臼齿及大臼齿的颊侧区制造骨缺损后，分别植入组织导引再生膜片，依实验设定时间将小猎犬牺牲，取下缺损区骨头，以光学显微镜观察量测其牙垩质再生高度与齿槽骨再生高度之变化，以探讨其组织再生模式及评估新膜片在临床应用之适用性。

The experimental results suggested that Davallia mariesii and Araiostegia parvipinnata have enriched antioxidant components and better antioxidative activity.

首先，测定上述七种植物水抽取物总多酚类之含量，结果显示以海州骨碎补、鳞轴小膜盖蕨含量最多；在多种抗氧化活性测定中，亦以鳞轴小膜盖蕨、海州骨碎补具较佳之活性。

Drills in the median line with the small crack marks the good median line position, The horizontal osteotomy is then completed with a saw, and removal of midline wedge of bone from a lingual approach.

在中线用小裂钻标记好中线位置，在左右下牙6到6之间截骨，截骨完成后，再于颏部中央截取底边在舌侧的等腰三角形骨块，将颏部骨块内旋，在唇侧表面以微型钛板固定。

Osteoporosis is a metabolism disease of micro bone tissue disorganization , bony mineral matter and bony matrix reduce at same rate, sclerotin turn week, trabecula of bone decrease ,which make the brittleness of bone raise and fracture easily.It is common illness and frequently occurring illness in old people ,even in menopause women.

骨质疏松(Osteoporosis，OP)是一种以骨组织显微结构破坏、骨矿成分和骨基质等比例地不断减少，骨质变薄，骨小梁数量减少，导致骨骼脆性增加和易发生骨折的全身代谢障碍性疾病，是老年人的常见病与多发病，尤以绝经妇女为重。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。