小蜂科

Fig species are usually exclusively pollinated by a unique species of pollinating fig wasp.

榕树和榕小蜂(昆虫纲：膜翅目：榕小蜂科)是研究协同进化的经典范例之一。

The orders with high species richness were Hymenoptera (168 species), Diptera (90 species), Coleoptera (44 species), Homoptera (26 species), Hemiptera (23 species), Araneida (18 species) and Lepidoptera (12 species).

棉田节肢动物物种较丰富的目为膜翅目(168种)、双翅目(90种)、鞘翅目(44种)、同翅目(26种)、半翅目(23种)、蜘蛛目(18种)和鳞翅目(12种)，棉田物种数最多的科为姬蜂科和姬小蜂科，分别有22和21个物种。

Moraceae banyan genera plants are implicit in the flower inflorescence, its gall a little bee habitat Agaonidae division insects.

桑科榕属植物都有隐花序，其瘿花中栖生着榕小蜂科昆虫。

In addition, the Lucid key to genera of Chinese Chalcididae was built.

此外，本文还运用Lucid程序构建了中国小蜂科分属检索表。

Due to its simple structure and easy operation, users could key to every genus by multi-approaches, such as choosing any character or several characters to begin, clicking the buttons on the tool column. There were many image pictures and notes information in the key, which should make users have more overall understanding to every genus of the Chalcididae; there were different fault-tolerant levels in the system in order to avoid the various mistakes.

其结构简单，使用方便，用户可以从任一特征开始选择，也可以进行多项选择或通过点击工具栏上的操作按钮等多种途径，对中国小蜂科各属进行灵活检索；检索表中包含了许多形象图片和文字信息，能够让用户对小蜂科各属有较全面的了解；系统还具有不同的容错功能，可以避免因各种原因导致的错误。

Encyrtidae is a larger family of Chalcidoidea, Hymenoptera.

跳小蜂科Encyrtidae是膜翅目Hymenoptera小蜂总科Chalcidoidea中的一个大科。

In this research, known encyrtid species of China were systematically and thoroughly studied, totally 20, 000 specimens examed were from the collection of Lab of Biological Control, Zhejiang Agricultural University which has been collecting specimens for 70 years, and specimens borrowed from domestic institutions; collected from different provinces except Qinghai and Taiwan provinces 79 genera, 229 species of Encyrtidae were arranged in Chinese fauna of Encyrtidae.

本研究对中国跳小蜂科种类进行了全面、系统的分类整理，检查研究了浙江农业大学生物防治研究室七十多年来积累的和从国内其它单位借来的2万多号标本，除青海，台湾外的全国各省，直辖市的都有，但主要采自黑龙江，吉林，辽宁，山东，山西，陕西，浙江，安徽，江西，湖南，四川，福建，广东等省。

The genus Anusia Frster and its sole included species A. nasicornis Frster (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) have been recorded from China for the first time and are illustrated with micrographs.

记述了跳小蜂科中国1新纪录属，阿奴跳小蜂属Anusia Frster，及中国1新纪录种，扁角阿奴跳小蜂Anusia nasicornis Frster，并给出了其形态特征图。

The results of the study on the occurrence, distrbution and natural control effect of fourteen parasitic wasps parasitized on two scales in Zhejiang citrus planting areas are presented. The results indicated that Microterys flovus How., M. ceroplastae Prirtsloo, M.sp and Metaphycus pulvinariae How. of Encyrtidae and Coccophagus iycimnia of Aphelindae are predominant, the rate of parasitism is 80-100%. If any one of the above mentioned five species of parasitic wasp is occurred in the orchard, the damage caursed by those two scales could be controlled.

本文对浙江桔区这两类蚧虫的14种寄生蜂的发生、分布及其天然制约作用进行了深入研究，以跳小蜂科的软蚧花翅跳小蜂、蜡蚧花翅跳小蜂、黑褐花翅跳小蜂、软蚧阔柄跳小蜂和蚜小蜂科的赖食软蚧蚜小蜂为优势种，寄生率高达80%～100%，在桔园只要有上述5种中任何一种寄生蜂存在，足以控制两类蚧虫为害。

Figs and their pollinating wasps constitute the extreme example of interactions between plants and insects. Each fig species is pollinated by a single minute, pollen-bearing female wasp species that only depend on the particular fig syconia for the production of their offspring, so the relation is generally regarded as species-specific.

榕树-榕小蜂的互惠共生是植物与其传粉者间相互作用的最极端的特例，几乎每一种榕树均由榕小蜂科的一种特定昆虫传粉，而它们的小蜂也只能在此特定榕树种的花内养育它们的幼虫，构成了高度的种专一性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。