小脑内的

In the brain of adult rat, the positive immunohistochemical product of lSL-l (ISL-l-positive) was mainly located in the neuronal nucleus and found in discrete regions except to brain cortex, such as the Purkinje cell layer and the granular cell layer of cerebellum, the granular cell layer and the pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus, the mitral cell layer, the internal and external plexiform layer, the granular cell layer and the granular cell layer of olfactory bulb and so on, and several nuclei of the hypothalamus, midbrain and pons, such as claustrum, anterior olfactory nucleus, accumbens nucleus, caudate-ptamen, pallidum, substantia nigra, striatum, islands of Callaje, mammillary nucleus, anterior pretactal nucleus, habenular nucleus, amygdaloid nucleus, cuneate nucleus, rubral nucleus, gigantocellular reticular nucleus and so on.

在正常成年大鼠脑中，同源框基因islet-1表达产物（ISL-1）免疫组织化学阳性物质广泛分布于除大脑皮层外的神经细胞的细胞核内，ISL-1阳性神经元密集分布于小脑Purkinje细胞层和颗粒细胞层、海马的颗粒细胞层和锥体细胞层、嗅球的内丛层、外丛层、颗粒细胞层及僧帽细胞层等，另外在丘脑、中脑和桥脑的一些重要神经元核团均有分布，如，屏状核、前嗅核、伏核、尾壳核、苍白球、黑质、纹状体、Calleja岛、乳头体核、前顶盖前核、缰核、杏仁核、楔束核、红核网状巨细胞核等。

Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for images of CT,MRI and DSA of 12 patients with intracranial venous angiomas.In all cases,7 cases male,5 cases female,age ranged from 8 years old to 72 years old.All patients underwent the examinations of CT,MRI and/or DSA.Results All 12 patients had single lesion.In these cases,there were 6 cases （50%） located in cerebella,6 cases （50%） located in cerebra including 3 cases （25%） in lobus frontalis and 3 cases （25%） in lobus parietalis.Most patients had slight clinical symptoms and were detected the lesions accidentally when they were examined for other diseases.Compared the imaging features of CT,MRI and DSA,conventional CT scan was negative,but there were characteristic images which was "dendritic" sign in contrast-enhanced CT and MRI,and typical findings of "caput medusae"sign in venous phase of DSA.

结果 颅内静脉血管瘤均为单发；6例（50%）位於幕下小脑实质内，6例（50%）位於幕上额叶（3例25%）、顶叶（3例25%）脑实质内；患者临床症状轻微，多为合并其他病变检查时偶然发现；CT、MRI及DSA的影像比较，CT平扫为阴性，CT增强扫描与MRI平扫呈特征性表现，即树枝征，DSA静脉期可见典型表现蛇头征。

By immunohistochemistry and semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis, we were the first to demonstrate that AdM mRNA and immunoreactive AdM exists in the rat brain distributed in cerebral cortex, paraventricular tissues, hypothalamus, mesencephalon, medulla oblongata and cerebellum, and AdM mRNA was also found in the human brain.

应用免疫组织化学和半定量RT-PCR方法，首次发现在大鼠的脑内，包括大脑皮层、室旁组织、下丘脑、中脑、延髓和小脑均有AdM mRNA及AdM的免疫活性物质存在；在人脑内也含有AdM mRNA。

Objective: To study the changes of the intrinsic electrophysiological characteristics of cerebellar Purkinje cells during the stage of the elevation of intracellular Ca(superscript 2+) through micro-injected of IP3 receptor excitomotor of Purkinje cells in cerebellar vermis.

目的：通过向细胞内微量注射IP3受体激动剂诱发细胞内高钙，探讨细胞内高钙对小鼠小脑浦肯野细胞内在电生理特性变化的影响。

The stress distribution widespreadly and unequivalently in brain tissue, which mainly effect by the cerebelar tentorium, cerebral falx, and unregular geometry of cranial bone .

结论脑内质点应力差值致脑组织剪应变损伤，猫颅骨不规则的几何形状、小脑幕、大脑镰结构是导致旋转暴力向脑内传递广泛而不均一的主要原因。

We introduced improved primary mixed glial culture and different-attachment method to isolate and purify the OPCs, the cells were proliferated in serum-free medium, flow cytometry and immunohischemistry methods were employed to estimate the purity of cultured OPCs. Their abilities of differentiation and expression of trophic factors were identified by RT-PCR and immunostaining. Several methods including TUNEL and MTT were adopted to estimate the protective effects of conditioned culture medium from oligodendrocyte lineage cells on the primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Intravitreal transplant of OPCs, combined with retrograde fluorescent labeling the superior colliculus and intraorbital optic nerve transection, were used to investigate the protective effects of OPCs on the axotomized RGCs in vivo. Intravitreal transplantof OPCs or NSCs on the newborn rats, and retinal transplant of OPCs on the young rats were performed, to observe the myelin formation in the retina at different stages after cellular transplantation. Optic nerve transection was carried out on some rats with myelinated retinae, to study the influence of myelination on the injuried RGCs.

为此，本研究采用改良的胶质细胞混合培养与差速贴壁方法获得大鼠OPCs，使用无血清培养基进行扩增、培养，用免疫组织化学和流式细胞技术对培养细胞的纯度进行鉴定，对少突胶质系细胞表达部分营养因子的情况进行检测；采用TUNEL、MTT等方法对少突胶质系细胞条件培养基对原代培养小脑颗粒神经元的保护作用进行检测；将OPCs移植入成年SD大鼠玻璃体内，利用上丘逆行荧光标记技术，观察眼内移植的OPCs对眶内视神经切断时的视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用及其持续时间；将OPCs或NSCs移植入新生和幼年SD大鼠玻璃体或视网膜内，观察不同时期视网膜内髓鞘形成与分布特点，分析髓鞘的超微结构，并观察眼内髓鞘形成对损伤神经节细胞的保护作用。

A case of primary TH lymphoma involving the splenium of the corpus callosum and the parietal lobes was presented in a 64 year-old woman with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure.

脑内T细胞淋巴瘤是一种很少见的脑内恶性肿瘤，它的病灶主要在胼胝体、小脑以及大脑的前叶或颞叶：有时后，病灶可延伸到脑室周围的白质与基底核。

Results: ADC in MS group was increased in all regions of NAWM compared to controls(P＜0.05),significantly higher in the body of corpus callosum, internal capsule, periventricular WM, frontal WM, parietal WM and occipital WM(P＜0.01). FA value in MS group was decreased in the body of corpus callosum, internal capsule, periventricular WM, frontal WM, parietal WM and occipital WM(P＜0.05), the genu and splenium of CC,middle cerebellar peduncle showed an insignificant trend of lower FA.

结果：MS组的正常表现脑白质的ADC值均高于对照组(P＜0.05)，以胼胝体体部、内囊、侧脑室旁及额、顶、枕叶脑白质更为显著(P＜0.01)；MS组的FA值与对照组比较，胼胝体体部、顶、额、枕叶白质及内囊、侧脑室旁发现明显降低(P＜0.05)，以后4个部位更为显著(P＜0.01)，而胼胝体膝部、压部和小脑结合臂有降低趋势，但无统计学意义。

Results: Brain metastatic tumor were localized on cerebral hemisphere in 13 patients, on cerebellums in 2 patients and on both cerebral and cerebella hemispheres in 5 patients. The metastasis numbers shown by conventional images were 19, 3 and 13 cases respectively and the numbers found by enhanced images were 25, 5, and 19 cases respectively.

结果：单纯幕上双侧大脑半球内发现病灶的有13例，平扫发现19个病灶，增强扫描发现25个病灶；单纯幕下双侧小脑半球内发现孤立病灶2例，平扫3个病灶，增强扫描发现5个病灶，幕上幕下同时发现病灶的5例，平扫发现13个病灶，增强扫描发现19个病灶。

It can be concluded that theophylline can prevent cerebellar granule neurons from apoptosis induced by depolarizing concentration of KCL deprivation in culture.

认为茶碱对撤去极化浓度氯化钾诱发小脑颗粒神经元的凋亡有保护作用，此作用产生除与其升高小脑颗粒神经元内cAMP有关外，还有其它机理。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。