小脑

The results show as follows:(1) immunoreactive neurons of NPY in pigeon cerebellum tire mainly located in the Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellar cortex, especially in the top of Purkinje cell in cerebellar folia:(2) a few neuropeptide Y immunoreactive neurons are observed in the central nuclei of cerebellar white matter .which is different from silky fowl, chick and rat;(3) none of neuropeptide Y immunoreactive neurons are found both in the molecular and granular layer.

结果显示：(1)小脑内神经肽Y(neuropeptide Y，NPY)阳性神经元主要存在于小脑皮质的蒲肯野氏细胞层，且以小叶顶端的蒲肯野氏细胞阳性明显；(2)小脑白质中央核可见到少量阳性神经元，不同于乌鸡、肉鸡及大鼠；(3)分子层、颗粒层未见阳性反应细胞。

Some branches of AICA and PICA supply the brainstem, and labyrinthine artery supplies the meatal segment of the facial nerve, hence, the main trunks of AICA and PICA and labyrinthine artery should not be injured in the operation.

由于小脑前下动脉和小脑后下动脉发出分支供应脑干，迷路动脉供应面神经，所以小脑前下动脉和后下动脉的主干及迷路动脉在外科手术中不应损伤。

The myelinization of cerebellar white matter,middle cerebellar peduncles,anterior limb of internal capsule,splenium and genu of corpus callosum,centrum semiovale,the white matter in parietal-occipital area and frontal-temporal area were documented at birth to 5,2～4,3～7,3～5,4～7,2～7,3～9 and 4～12 months old,respectively.

髓鞘形成至成熟时间：小脑上下脚、桥脑背侧、丘脑腹外侧和内囊后肢后部出生时已成熟，小脑自出生至5个月，小脑中脚2～4个月，内囊前肢3～7个月，胼胝体后部、膝部分别是3～5个月、4～7个月，半卵圆中心2～7个月，枕顶叶白质3～9个月，额颞叶白质4～12个月。

However, recent neuroanatomical researches have revealed direct and bidirectional connections (i.e., the cerebellar-hypothalamic neural circuits) between the cerebellum and the hypothalamus, the high autonomic center for regulation of the visceral functions.

一般认为小脑是一个皮层下的运动调节中枢，但近年来的神经解剖学研究揭示小脑与内脏功能调节中枢下丘脑之间存在交互的直接纤维联系，即小脑－下丘脑神经环路。

Objective: To provide anatomic data for treating tumors in the posterior and middle tentorial incisural space through comparing anatomic features of the median and paramedian infratentorial-supracerebellar approaches. Methods: 10 formalin-fixed cadaveric specimens were dissected in steps by using the standard median and paramedian infratentorial-supracerebellar approaches under operating microscope respectively.

目的：通过正中和旁正中幕下小脑上入路的解剖学比较研究，为手术治疗小脑幕中和后切迹间隙的肿瘤提供解剖学基础方法：取10例福尔马林固定的尸头标本在手术显微镜下分别模拟正中和旁正中幕下小脑上入路进行逐步解剖，观察和比较不同手术入路所暴露的视野范围，描述重要解剖结构之间的关系。

Results Tentorial bridging veins of the cerebellum had less interference with the keyhole approach. Galen vein and its tributary could be dissected in security. With this approach, the anatomic structures in the pineal region could be exposed and easy to enter the third ventricle. The operation area could be amplified upward and forward by splitting the tentorium.

结果 小脑天幕面桥静脉对幕下小脑上锁孔入路无影响；Galen静脉系统可被安全解剖；幕下小脑上锁孔手术能充分暴露松果体区的Galen静脉系统、松果体、四叠体等；可经帆间池进入第三脑室；天幕切开能增加向上向前的手术范围。

Results Among the 32 patients, 14 had lesions in left cerebellar hemisphere, 11 in right cerebellar hemisphere, 2 in both hemispheres, 3 in superior vermis cerebell...

结果：32例患者的病灶位于左小脑半球14例，右小脑半球11例，双小脑半球2例，上蚓部3例，下蚓部2例。

The cerebellar hemispheres oppose one another in the midline due to absence of vermis.

由于缺乏小脑蚓部，双侧小脑半球在中线上不连续，峡部和中脑前后径较小，这可能是由于小脑上脚缺乏十字交叉的纤维束。

The largest cisterna magna measurement should be no more than 10 mm in depth and no less than 2 mm.(7) The fourth ventricle should not communicate with the cisterna magna, after 18 weeks, in a standard plane, but should be separated by the intact cerebellar vermis.

小脑延髓池深度最大径线应不大于10mm，且不小于2mm.18周后，在标准切面上，第四脑室不应与小脑延髓池相交通，而应由完整的小脑蚓部相分隔。

ObjectiveTo gain insight into the mechanism of iodine and thyroid hormone action in brain development. We have observed the difference of cerebellar morphology between iodine deficient dam rats and the normal ones and have tested whether congenital iodine deficiency could regulate immediate early gene proteins c -fos, c - jun and growth - associated protein - 43 ( GAP - 43) in pup cerebellums.

目的 本研究通过低碘饲料建立碘缺乏大鼠模型，观察子代大鼠在小脑发育期由于缺碘导致的小脑组织形态学改变及c-fos，c-jun蛋白和生长相关蛋白-43(GAP-43)表达变化，为探明碘缺乏影响小脑发育的致病机理提供实验依据。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

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如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。