小羽

Herbs perennial; leaves pinnate or pinnately or palmately lobed; flowers numerous in a terminal panicle or corymb, small.

多年生草本叶羽状的或成羽状或掌状浅裂；花多数在一顶生的圆锥花序或伞房花序，小。

Leaves with ultimate segments 0.3–1 mm broad, margin glabrous, lobes lacerate, acute; primary umbel not overtopped by laterals; bracteoles oblanceolate, 3-lobed to pinnate/pinnatifid at apex, apex acute; petals white to pink; fruit 6–10 mm.

叶具末回裂片0.3-1毫米宽，边缘无毛，撕裂状，锐尖的裂片；不被laterals 超过的初级的伞形花序；小苞片倒披针形，对羽状/羽状半裂的在先端3浅裂，先端锐尖；花瓣白色到粉红色果6-10毫米 20 Pleurospermum benthamii 宝兴棱子芹

Leaves tufted; stipes 15-30 cm long, densely scaly at base, glabrous above; sterile lamina about 60 cm long and 20 cm wide, simply pinnate; pinnae numerous, alternate or subopposite, linear-lanceolate, the largest about 12 cm long and 1 cm wide, base cordate, apex acuminate, margin finely toothed; veins close, forking once or twice and forming areoles near the midrib; fertile lamina similar to sterile ones, but somewhat reduced, about 8 cm long and 0.4 cm wide, lower surface almost entirely covered with sporangia.

叶簇生；叶柄长15-30厘米，基部密被鳞片，向上近光滑；不育叶片长约60厘米，宽20厘米，一回羽状；羽片多数，互生或近对生，线状披针形，最长者长达12厘米，宽约1厘米，顶端长渐尖，基部心形，边缘有细密锯齿；叶脉1-2次分叉，近中脉形成网眼；能育叶与不育叶相似，但较小，长约8厘米，宽约0.4厘米，下部满布孢子囊。

The differentiation states of costae indicates the ways they absorb and transport water, and their ability adapting to the dry conditions, which was elucidated by the following examples: Brachythecium plumosum, because of its thin cell-walls in the costae and the absence of hydrome, assistant and steroid cells, can absorb water and nutrition under shady and moist conditions; Plagiomnium rostratum, though often grows in shady and wet condition, has hydrome and steroid cells, a feature similar to those of xeric mosses, which endows it to grow in the conditions with periodical drought stress during its life cycle; Hygrohypnum luridum is characterized by its slender leaves with only one layer of cells, the thin cell-walls, the absence of filaments on the leaf surface, and the fewer layer cells in the costae, the absence of hydrome and steroid cells. These features make it adaptable to aquatic environments. For Pogonatum inflexum and Atrichum undulatum, their ventral surfaces covered with lamella, while for Racomitrium japonicum, Thuidium cymbifolium, Macromitrium ferriei, Diphyscium fulvifolium, Barbula unguiculata and Ceratodon purpureus, their leaves are strongly mammillose or papillos. Such appendiculate structures made them adaptable to thy conditions.

例如，荫湿生环境下的羽枝青藓Brachythecium plumosum，其中肋细胞胞壁较薄，无导水主细胞和副细胞的分化，也没有厚壁细胞分化，能够在阴湿环境下吸收水分和养分；钝叶匍灯藓Plagiomnium rostratum具有与旱生藓类植物相似的中肋结构，叶片较厚，中肋具导水主细胞，中肋背面具厚壁细胞，这些特点使该种藓类植物能够分布于间隙性干旱胁迫的环境中；水灰藓Hygrohypnum luridum叶片纤细柔弱，仅1层细胞，细胞胞壁薄，叶表无附属结构，中肋细胞层数少，无导水主细胞分化，也没有厚壁细胞，这些特点使得水灰藓'能够生长在水生环境中；东亚小金发藓Pogonatum inflerum和波叶仙鹤藓Atrichum undulatum的叶腹面覆盖着栉片，东亚砂藓Racomitrium japonicum、大羽藓Thuidium cymbifolium、福氏蓑藓Macromitrium ferriei、东亚短颈藓Diphyscium fuhifolium、扭口藓Barbula unguiculata和角齿藓Ceratodon purpureus的叶片表面有乳头状突起或疣状物，这些附属结构使它们能够适应于旱生的环境中。

Basal leaves numerous, petiolate; blade long-ovate to oblong, 3-pinnatisect; pinnae shortly petiolulate; ultimate segments linear, entire, margins narrowly reflexed, apex acute, both surfaces glabrous.

基生叶多数，具叶柄；叶片长卵形到长圆形，3回羽状全裂；羽片具短的小叶柄；末回裂片线形，全缘，边缘狭，先端锐尖，两面无毛。

Leaf blade oblong or lanceolate, 1–4 × 0.5–1 cm, 1-pinnate; pinnae 3–5 pairs, remote, ovate-lanceolate, 2–8 × ca. 4 mm, entire or 1–3-crenellate.

叶片长圆形或披针形， 1-4 * 0.5-1 厘米，1回羽状；羽片3-5 对，稀疏，卵状披针形， 2-8 *约4毫米，全缘或具小圆齿。

Upper leaves smaller, sessile, pinnate, pinnae lanceolate.

上部叶片小，无梗，羽状，羽片。

Spikelets with 1 floret (to 3 in Duthiea ), terete or laterally compressed, disarticulating above glumes; rachilla extension usually absent (present in Stephanachne , Sinochasea , and Duthiea ); glumes equaling or longer than floret, persistent, hyaline to membranous, 1–7-veined; floret callus obtuse to pungent; lemma rounded on back, membranous to leathery, firmer than glumes, often indurated at maturity, 3–9-veined, often enclosing palea, apex entire or 2-toothed, awned from apex or between teeth; awn straight or geniculate, glabrous, pubescent or plumose; palea subequal to lemma, hyaline to membranous, usually 2-veined (5–7-veined in Psammochloa ) but not keeled, apex usually acute.

小穗具1小花(对3在Duthiea里)，圆柱状的或侧面压扁，高于颖片脱节；小穗轴扩展通常无(在Stephanachne，Sinochasea 和Duthiea里提出)；颖片等长或更长于小花，宿存，到膜质，1-7脉；对刺激愚蠢的小花结茧；外稃在后面上绕行，膜质到革质，比颖片坚定，芒直或者膝曲，无毛，青春期或者羽状；内稃近等长于外稃，透明的到膜质，通常2脉的(在Psammochloa里的5-7脉)但不是翻转，先端通常厉害。

Leaves 3-pinnate; rays of terminal and lateral umbellules subequal; bracteoles 2-pinnate.

叶3回羽状；顶生和侧生小伞形花序的伞辐近等长；小苞片2回羽状。

Leaves 2-pinnate; bracteoles 3-lobed or 1-pinnate, subequal or exceeding flowering umbellules.

叶2回羽状；小苞片3浅裂或者1回羽状，近等长或者超过的开花小伞形花序。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。