小神经

BP neural network based on adaptive UKF is introduced in this paper for the standard BP neural network has slow converges, local minimum value and weak generalization ability.

针对BP神经网络收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部极小值点和泛化能力差等问题，基于自适应Kalman滤波理论，提出一种自适应非线性滤波训练BP神经网络的方法。

Focusing on the disadvantages in the BP neural network such as low convergence rate,easily falling into local minimum point and weak global search capability,a new method that used GA to train BP neural networks to gain best weights was presented.

针对传统的BP算法存在收敛速度比较慢、容易陷入局部极小值以及全局搜索能力弱等缺陷，提出了神经网络与遗传算法。结合的方法，采用遗传算法。练BP神经网络，优化网络权值。

Mushroom bodies and antennal lobes in Oxycetonia jucunda were conspicuous. Calyces and lobes of the mushroom bodies.were much developed. In contrast, calyces of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum and Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata were extremely undeveloped. However, the postretinal fibres and circumpharyngeal nerves of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum were highly developed. In the three beetles, 5-HT immunoreactivity was present in all neuropils of the brain and the suboesophageal ganglion. The pattern of 5-HT immunoreactivity and the localization of immunoreactive somata which often clustered into groups were similar among these beetles, while the immunoreactivity intensity was distinct, especially in the lamina.

结果显示，分类地位相近的三种甲虫脑结构大小相差悬殊：小青花金龟脑结构相对发达，蕈形体结构显著，具有发达的冠和叶，嗅叶发达；马铃薯瓢虫和榆紫叶甲的冠极度退化，嗅叶相对不发达；但榆紫叶甲具有十分发达的网膜后纤维和围咽神经。5-HT阳性纤维在三种甲虫的所有神经纤维网中几乎都有分布，且反应模式相似，但各神经纤维网特别是神经节层染色强度差异显著。5-HT阳性胞体有成群分布现象，且在三种甲虫脑中的空间分布位置基本一致。

Result :There was no significant difference between sexes,ages and sides.The fibrillation potential amplitude was maximum at 3 to 4 months after denervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle or at 5 to 6 months after denervation of the thyroarytenoid muscle and still remained at certain level for years in some patients.Significant difference was showed in complete and incomplete nerve injuries groups,but changes of amplitude with time in incomplete nerve injuries group were small.

结果：不同性别、年龄及不同侧的纤颤电位波幅间的差异无显著性，失神经环杓后肌纤颤电位波幅均值在病程2～＜4个月时最高，而失神经甲杓肌纤颤电位波幅均值在病程4～＜6个月时最高，相当一部分患者的纤颤电位波幅晚期仍维持一定水平，并且神经完全损伤者和不完全损伤者各时间纤颤电位波幅均有显著性差异，而神经不完全损伤者各时间幅度变化小。

In NBS, lesions therefore appear secondary to the small vessel vasculitis, and the anatomy of those intraaxial venous structures explains the dominant involvement of the upper brain stem and diencephalic structures.

神经白塞病患者的病灶系小血管炎所致，因此，脑内静脉结构的解剖学特点可以解释神经白塞病常易累及脑干上部和间脑结构。

Methods One side of sciatic nerve of 60 SD rats was treated by small gaps briding, another side was treated by epineurial repair.

通过动物实验，对60只SD大鼠的一侧坐骨神经采用小间隙静脉桥接法吻合，另一侧用采用神经外膜吻合，观察神经修复效果。

BACKGROUND: In this study we evaluated the minimum stimulatingcurrent associated with intraneural needle placement and sonographicappearance of intraneural injection.

背景：本实验作者评估了神经内刺激针最小刺激电流神经内注射的超声像图。

Perineural and intraneural involvement by small vessels was common.

邻近小血管处，易见肿瘤累犯神经膜或神经内。

I think WHO grade I dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor is the most likely diagnosis, but one would like to see isolated floating neurons in the microcysts in addition to the small oligodendrocyte-like cells and neuropil-like fibrillary matrix.

我考虑可能是WHOI级的DNT（胚胎发育障碍的神经上皮肿瘤）。但DNT中除了少突胶质细胞样的小细胞和神经毡样胶质纤维基质外，还应该见到微囊中漂浮的神经元。

Intra-articular injections, medial branch nerve blocks, and neurolysis of medial branch nerves have been described in managing chronic neck pain of facet joint origin.

关节内注射，内侧支神经阻滞，内侧支神经松解术也可以用于治疗颈椎小关节源性慢性疼痛。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。