小梁结构

Results Early signs of ANFH using CT showed that, in 38 femoral heads 31 cases, there were radiate star shape of high-density osteosclerosis of the trabeculae in 13 femoral head.

结果：早期ANFH的CT表现：31例38个股骨头，其中13个股骨头骨小梁呈放射状高密度的"星状征"，骨小梁境界清楚、锐利，属Ⅰ期；25个股骨头表现为骨硬化，骨小梁结构消失、模糊不清，骨密度减低及囊性改变，属Ⅱ期；并有5个股骨头在Ⅱ期影像学改变基础上出现软骨下骨折及轻微塌陷，属Ⅲ期。

Results Early signs of ANFH using CT showed that, in 26 femoral heads in 21 cases, there were radiate star shape of high-density osteosclerosis of the trabeculae in 8 femoral head.

结果 CT早期表现：2 1例 2 6个股骨头，其中 8个股骨头骨小梁呈放射状密度增高的"星状征"，骨小梁境界清楚、锐利属Ⅰ期；18个股骨头表现为骨硬化，骨小梁结构消失、模糊不清，骨密度减低及囊性改变，属Ⅱ期；并有 3个股头在Ⅱ期影像改变基础上出现软骨下骨折及轻微塌陷，属Ⅲ期。

Results Early signs of ANFH using CT showed that, in 38 femoral heads 31 cases, there were radiate star shape of highdensity osteosclerosis of the trabeculae in 13 femoral head.Twentyfive femoral heads showed osteosclerosis and trabeculae structure disappearing and vague,incoordinately lowostedensity area and cyst change.There were fracture under the cartilage and light subsid in 5 cases.

结果：早期ANFH的CT表现：31例38个股骨头，其中13个股骨头骨小梁呈放射状高密度的"星状征"，骨小梁境界清楚、锐利，属Ⅰ期；25个股骨头表现为骨硬化，骨小梁结构消失、模糊不清，骨密度减低及囊性改变，属Ⅱ期；并有5个股骨头在Ⅱ期影像学改变基础上出现软骨下骨折及轻微塌陷，属Ⅲ期。

Results Early signs of ANFH using CT showed that, in 38 femoral heads 31 cases, there were radiate star shape of highdensity osteosclerosis of the trabeculae in 13 femoral head.Twentyfive femoral heads showed osteosclerosis and trabeculae structure disappearing and vague,incoordinately lowostedensity area and cyst change.There were fracture under the cartilage and light subsid in 5 cases.The cases in stage Ⅰwere given decompression, while the pationtsresul in stageⅡand stageⅢ were given decompression and ostetransplant.

结果：早期ANFH的CT表现：31例38个股骨头，其中13个股骨头骨小梁呈放射状高密度的"星状征"，骨小梁境界清楚、锐利，属Ⅰ期；25个股骨头表现为骨硬化，骨小梁结构消失、模糊不清，骨密度减低及囊性改变，属Ⅱ期；并有5个股骨头在Ⅱ期影像学改变基础上出现软骨下骨折及轻微塌陷，属Ⅲ期。

objective to evaluate early signs of avascular necrosis of femoral head in adult by ct and to guide clinical treatment.methods the cases with suspicious diagnose of anfh were scaned in the both hip joints by x ray and ct to find the early signs of anfh with ct.results early signs of anfh using ct showed that, in 38 femoral heads 31 cases, there were radiate star shape of high density osteosclerosis of the trabeculae in 13 femoral head.twenty five femoral heads showed osteosclerosis and trabeculae structure disappearing and vague,incoordinately low ostedensity area and cyst change.there were fracture under the cartilage and light subsid in 5 cases.the cases in stage ⅰwere given decompression, while the pationtsresul in stageⅱand stageⅲ were given decompression and ostetransplant.conclusion ct results show that the sign of the high osteodensity and low osteodensity and cyst change can disply early anfh.

摘 要］目的：探讨成人股骨头缺血性坏死的早期ct征象并指导临床治疗。方法：对临床疑诊anfh的全部病例均行x线平片及ct检查，分析anfh的早期ct征象。结果：早期anfh的ct表现：31例38个股骨头，其中13个股骨头骨小梁呈放射状高密度的"星状征"，骨小梁境界清楚、锐利，属ⅰ期；25个股骨头表现为骨硬化，骨小梁结构消失、模糊不清，骨密度减低及囊性改变，属ⅱ期；并有5个股骨头在ⅱ期影像学改变基础上出现软骨下骨折及轻微塌陷，属ⅲ期。治疗结果：ⅰ期行钻孔髓内减压术，ⅱ、ⅲ期行钻孔减压植骨术。

Months later, BMD in Sham and OVX-2 were (1.22±0.07)g/cm2 and (0.86±0.09)g/cm2. BMD in OVX-2 decreased by 29.5% compared with that in Sham group. Histomorphologically, trabecular bone decreased significantly in OVX-2 group compared with that in control groups.

组织学切片观察发现，去势12个月后，绵羊椎体松质骨骨小梁明显稀疏，局部存在骨小梁骨折及骨缺损，而对照组骨小梁结构完整，呈圆形或椭圆形拱形结构。

Microscope examination:in group A,at 2 weeks,a few inflamatory cells appeared in the holes with many osteoblasts and ostoid appeared around the drilled holes.At 8 weeks,marrow formed in the drilled holes in group B,at 2 weeks,there were a large amount of osteoblasts in the drilled holes and some ostoid formed around thc drilled holes.At 4 weeks,the drilled holes were full of trabeculae.At 8 weeks,the trabeculae matured with the marrow appeared in the intertrabecular space.

组织学结果：2周时A组钻孔区出现少许炎症细胞，边缘出现较多成骨细胞并有骨组织形成，至8周时，钻孔区内形成骨髓组织，只在边缘形成骨小梁结构。2周时B组钻孔区有大量的成骨细胞，边缘有较多骨组织形成，4周时钻孔区内充满重生骨小梁结构，8周时钻孔区内骨小梁成熟，小梁有骨髓组织填充。

Microscope examination:in group a,at 2 weeks,a few inflamatory cells appeared in the holes with many osteoblasts and ostoid appeared around the drilled holes.at 8 weeks,marrow formed in the drilled holes in group b,at 2 weeks,there were a large amount of osteoblasts in the drilled holes and some ostoid formed around thc drilled holes.at 4 weeks,the drilled holes were full of trabeculae.at 8 weeks,the trabeculae matured with the marrow appeared in the intertrabecular space.

组织学结果：2周时a组钻孔区出现少许炎症细胞，边缘出现较多成骨细胞并有骨组织形成，至8周时，钻孔区内形成骨髓组织，只在边缘形成骨小梁结构。2周时b组钻孔区有大量的成骨细胞，边缘有较多骨组织形成，4周时钻孔区内充满新生骨小梁结构，8周时钻孔区内骨小梁成熟，小梁有骨髓组织填充。［结论］骨髓基质干细胞对兔股骨头缺血性坏死有良好的修复作用。

The trabecularism is important necrosis diagnosis. Medical specialists are interested in the improvement of minutia detection by image enhancement method of high-pass. The new fast high-pass filter can enhance the trabecularism in clinical applications. Its fast characteristic is helpful in clinic, and it performs better than Butterworth filter method does for image enhancement in clinical applications.

股骨头X线片中的骨小梁结构对于诊断与治疗股骨头坏死疾病有着非常重要的参考价值，用合适的高通滤波算法来增强骨小梁的细节检测能力是令人感兴趣的，实验表明，这一高通滤波算法适合于增强股骨头图象的骨小梁结构，它的快速特点使它适合在临床中使用。

The data of femur biodymamics showed that acupuncture and moxibustion could increase the biggest load, modulus of elasticity, the biggest flexibility. The data of shank bone morphometry showed that acupuncture and moxibustion could increase percentage of bone trabecula bulk, lessen percentage of bone trabecula absorption and restoration, slow the rate of bone trabecula mineralization. Slices indicated that the structure of bone trabecula became basically complete.

股骨骨生物力学参数显示，针灸可提高OP症大鼠股骨最大载荷、弹性模量和最大挠度；胫骨骨组织形态计量学指标显示，针灸可增加骨小梁体积百分比，减少骨小梁吸收表面百分比和骨小梁形成表面百分比，降低骨小梁矿化沉积速率；胫骨骨组织切片显示，针灸后大鼠骨小梁结构已基本完整。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。