小三度

The area ratios of 980/1022, 980/1047,(980+1047)/1022 and 980/(1022+1047) cm^(-1) were decreased as the degree of acetification increased which indicated that acetification induced a decrease of crystallinity of starch. And the crystal structure changed from A-type to V-type. For the cross-linking of POCl3, the area ratios of 980/1022, 980/1047,(980+1047)/1022 and 980/(1022+1047) cm^(-1) were also decreased as the degree of cross-linking but the decrease was little compared to that of acetification. The result indicated that cross-linking of POCl3 had little effect on the starch crystal structure.

随着醋酸酯化取代度的增大，980/1022、980/1047、(980+1047)/1022和980/(1022+1047)的相对峰面积的比值均呈现下降趋势，表明醋酸酯化改性会导致淀粉结晶程度降低，结晶形态从A型转变为V型；随着交联度的增大，980/1022、980/1047、(980+1047)/1022和980/(1022+1047)的相对峰面积比值均呈现下降趋势，但下降程度较小，表明三氯氧磷交联对淀粉结晶结构影响不明显。

The results show that all these three factors are helpful to increase the alcoholysis degree,but the influence from the amount of alkali contributes the greatest,and the influence from the reaction temperature is the least.

结果表明，三种参数的增加都会使产物的醇解度增加，其中碱物质的量比的影响最大，其次是反应时间，反应温度对产物醇解度的影响最小，几种参数对醇解反应的影响是交互的，当其中一种参数发生变化时，其它几种参数的影响能力会随之发生改变。

The Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets in the pool for periodic auction and continuous auction which formed Mean, Maximum, Minimum, Standard deviation, Skewness and Kurtosis have a consistent pattern.

三沪深两市在集合竞价和连续竞价下形成的收益率均值、中值、最大值、最小值、标准差、偏度、峰度有一致的规律。

By using the Neighbor-joining method, a dendrogram was obtained based on genetic distances. The bootstrap values were evaluated for each crunode of the dendrogram by means of bootstrap test. The results showed that the mean heterozygosity of the whole native egg-typing duck breeds population was lower than those of native chicken breeds and goose breeds, suggesting that the genetic diversity in those duck breeds population is relativly rare and should be strengthened. The rank of the heterozygosity was consistent with that of the polymorphism information content. The results of the genetic distances between them indicated that the differentiation occurred long time ago. In the dendrogram, Weishan pocked, Youxian pocked, Huainan pocked, Guangxi pocked and Jingjiang pocked were classified into one goup, Chaohuand Enshi pocked were the second group, Liancheng white, Putian black, Jinding, Shanma, Sansui and Shaoxing were the flnra grong.

结果表明：我国所有蛋鸭品种全部群体的平均杂合度较低，其遗传多样性相对贫乏，各保种场要加强多样性的保护；各品种的平均多态信息含量的高低与群体平均杂合度的顺序完全一致；遗传距离的计算说明了13个品种的遗传距离较远，分化时间较长；13个地方蛋鸭品种被聚类为3个类，微山麻鸭、攸县麻鸭、淮南麻鸭、广西小麻鸭、荆江麻鸭聚为一类；巢湖鸭和恩施麻鸭聚为一类；福建省的鸭种连城白鸭、莆田黑鸭、金定鸭、山麻鸭与三穗鸭、绍兴鸭聚为一类。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

It's the first time that from the angle of computational mathematics combined with the structure model of parallel machine, the parallel degree of the relevant algorithms in orthopaedics clinic engineering modeling system, such as piecewise cubic Lagrange interpolation formula, piecewise cubic Hermite's interpolation formula, cubic spline, Chebyshev multinomial fitting algorithms, least square method and contour curve multinomial algorithms, were discussed.

论文首次从计算数学的角度并结合并行机的结构模式出发，讨论了在骨科临床工程造型系统中可能涉及的如分段三次拉格郎日插值公式、分段三次埃尔米特插值公式、三次样条函数、切比雪夫多项式拟合算法，最小二乘法以及轮廓曲线多项式求值算法的并行度。

The results showed that the aluminum plates had a much better effect than zinc plates in identifying crystalline free silica. The all open-faced samples had good uniformity in the filter no matter how many middles were used, but not so good for the closed-faced sampling. The calibration curve had a good correlation coefficient (r=0.995). Due to different industrial operating patterns, the distribution of crystalline free silica concentration varied by the industrial environment. The dust consisted of 10- 30% of crystalline free silica in all samples obtained from the foundry environments. The crystalline free silica was accounted for less than 10% in the respirable dusts.

结果显示，因为铝板对於结晶型游离二氧化矽具有较良好的补正系数，因此做为本研究的基底标准吸收校正的校正元素；SKC铝制旋风分离器搭配开匣式滤纸匣於一阶中环、二阶中环、三阶中环均有良好之均匀度，反之，搭配闭匣式滤纸匣其均匀度均不佳；分析检量线具有良好线性关系(r=0.995)，因作业型态不同，作业环境会有不同的浓度分布，综观作业环境中可呼吸性结晶型游离二氧化矽之含量均小於10%以下，总粉尘结晶型游离二氧化矽之含量约为10 – 30%之中。

The results revealed that screwdrivers with triangle shaped handle could help subjects produce the maximum torque. Besides, using screwdrivers with hexagon shaped handle spent the least time, generated the minimum biceps muscle activity, and bad the least subjective fatigue rating. Moreover, wearing an anti-static glove or being barehanded can produced the maximum torque and spent the least time as well. Experiment 2 evaluates the handle diameter of screwdriver (30 mm, 34 mm or 38 mm) and operation plan. The results showed that the torque increased with the increase of the radius, the operation time and the brachioradialis muscle activity also increased with the increase of the radius.

本 研究共分为三次实验，实验一分析握把造型(八角形、锐角六角形、圆角六角形、枪型、圆角三角形)与手套(棉质手套、防静电手套、赤手)的影响，结果显示三角形造型握把可产生最大扭力，六角形造型握把的锁附螺丝时间最短、二头肌肌肉活动度最低、主观整体疲劳评比最低，防静电手套与赤手状态的扭力最大并且锁附螺丝时间最短；实验二比较握把直径(30 mm、34 mm、38 mm)与作业面的影响，结果显示直径越大扭力越大，但直径越小锁附螺丝时间则越短，且肱桡肌肌肉活动度越低。

The thesis also discussed the synthetic influence of above factors on dynamic diagenesis in detail and graded dynamic diagenesis into three types, which were respectively thermally dynamic diagenesis, tectonically dynamic diagenesis and hydrokinetic diagenesis, and then the types of diagenesis controlled by dynamic factors had been studied: 1 thermally dynamic diagenesis, clarified the ration relationship by the conception of the thermally evolving track and the thermally maturity, 2 tectonically dynamic diagenesis, changed the porosity of reservoir mainly by tectonically movement;3 . hydrokinetic diagenesis, changed the physical and chemical properties resist-press intensity of the rock by the participating of liquid.

在研究以上控制因素的基础上，将成岩动力作用分为热动力、构造动力、流体动力成岩作用三种类型：1、热动力成岩作用，运用热演化轨迹和热成熟度的概念研究与成岩作用之间的定量关系，砂岩孔隙度随热成熟度增加而呈指数减小；2、构造动力成岩作用，盆地构造变形可以使砂岩的孔隙体积在相对短的时间内产生明显的变化，构造滑脱推覆作用比水平侧向挤压作用压实减孔量小，可保留更多的孔隙度；3、流体动力成岩作用，化学成岩反应是在流体参与下完成的，它改变了岩石的物理化学性质，改变了岩石的抗压强度。

The shoaling wave height is related to wave steepness. Comparing with wave theories the shoaling coefficient of small amplitude wave theory_ which is not related to wave steepness, disagrees with experimental reset. The experimental result has the trend with Stokes third order shoaling theory, but Stokes wave theory overestimates the shoaling coefficient .

波浪之浅化波高与波浪尖锐度有关，微小振幅波理论中浅化波高与波浪尖锐度无关与实测值不符，实验结果在定性上与Stokes波三阶浅化理论有相同之趋势，但在定量上实验之浅化系数较小，理论值有高估的现象。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失