小三度

The details as follow: 1.Based on rules about form error in GB, mathematical models of form error are established including straightness error on the base of minimizing zone method、least-squares method and two dots linked method ; flatness error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、diagonal line and three dots method; circularity and cylindricity error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle.

具体内容如下：根据国标中形状误差的相关规定建立了各种要素评定方法的数学模型包括：直线度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、两端点连线法；平面度的最小二乘法、最小区域法、对角线法、三远点法；圆度和圆柱度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、最小外接圆法、最大内切圆法。

Comparative study with triple module redundancy system and dual module hot standby system shows: the security of strategy 1 is greatest, but its reliability is lowest. The reliability of strategy...

与三模冗余和双机热备系统的对比研究表明，策略1的安全度最大，可靠度最小；策略2的可靠度最大，安全度在修复率为0.9时大于三模冗余和双机热备系统，在修复率为0时略低于三模冗余系统，而高于双机热备系统。

The following points are emphasized:The operation models of adiabatic and diabatic distillation have been set up and the operation block, thermodynamics model and mathematical model in the simulation have been determined as well;(2)Based on the simulation and exergy analysis with Aspen Plus program, shortcut distillation design—DSTWU model and rigorous distillation design—RADFRAC model, the author has determined the heat duty, exergy losses and the distribution of exergy losses along the adiabatic column, which will help the simulation and optimization of the diabatic distillation;(3)Diabatic distillation under various operation conditions has been simulated by using energy balance method and exergy analysis;(4)How the different mixture and the various degree of separation, number of trays and feed location influence exergy saving in diabatic distillation have also been discussed;(5)On the basis of the total exergy losses along the column, different schema of the heat transfer distribution along the column have been compared and analyzed;they can be classified in three categories: heat duty equipartition approach, empirical approach, separation degree matching approach. In conclusion, different heat transfer distribution along the column will have effect on total exergy losses. In particular, most satisfactory results have been obtained by using separation degree matching approach. In order to diminish the exergy losses, heat transfer distribution should meet the needs of the request of separation degree.And on this premise, the author makes his suggestion in increasing the proportion of heat supplied to the tray with minimum exergy losses and decreasing the proportion of heat supplied to the tray with the maximum exergy losses.

本文对透热精馏过程进行了模拟并对其节能效果的影响因素做了较为全面的分析和深入的研究，主要研究内容如下：(1)建立了常规精馏和透热精馏过程的模拟操作模块、热力学模型以及数学模型；(2)利用化工模拟软件Aspen Plus并分别采用DSTWU简捷模型和RADFRAC严格计算模型对常规精馏进行模拟计算和有效能分析，确定常规精馏塔的公用工程热负荷、有效能损失及有效能损失在塔内的分布，为透热精馏的模拟和优化提供数据参考；(3)对不同物系在不同分离度条件下进行透热精馏的模拟，分别采用能量衡算法和有效能分析法进行计算和分析；(4)探讨了各种因素如物系的选择、不同分离度、塔板数、进料位置对透热精馏节能效果的影响；(5)以全塔总有效能损失为比较基准，对热量在塔内的三种分布方案即热负荷平均分配法、经验法和分离度匹配法进行了对比分析并得出结论：塔内热量的不同分布方案对于全塔总有效能损失会产生影响，其中以分离度匹配法的节能效果最为理想，为减少有效能的损失，应使塔内的热量分布满足各塔板的分离度要求，并在此前提下，尽量减小有效能损失大的塔板的热负荷和增加有效能损失小的塔板的热负荷。

In general, the dipole components are located at the zero potential plane, called null plane. However, for 3D topographic mapping, many zero potential points can be detected. Instead of testing all the possible points, the proposed approach is to fit the selected zero potentials in terms of a linear plane, i.e. null plane, via least square approach.

一般来说，电偶极的位置都在零电位面上，为了取得零电位面，本研究在三度空间拓朴图映射中找出多点零电位点，然后采用最小平方法，找出一个线性平面通过这些零电位点当做零电位面。

In this paper, the author selected three often used ways — the traditional TOPSIS , grey correlative integrative model and TOPSIS , and the least deviation on subordinative degree — to compare the optimization plans of a provincial main road net.

本文选择了使用率较高的传统的逼近于理想解法、灰关联与理想解法的组合法及最小隶属度偏差法等三种方法对某省干线公路网规划方案的优选进行了比较，其优选结果出现了差异。

With the geometry, theory of errors and optimization principle used and the related national standard referred, a novel 3DLSA for evaluating the spatial straightness errors was proposed, so as to evaluate the spatial straightness errors effectively and to gain the error values with higher accuracy. Then,a mathematical model of the 3DLSA was deduced, true three-dimensional fitting of the spatial line was theoretically carried out.

为了有效地评定空间直线度误差，并得出正确度较高的误差值，运用几何学、误差理论和最优化原理，参照相关国家标准，提出了评定空间直线度误差的三维最小二乘算法（3DLSA），推导了3DLSA算法的数学模型，实现了空间直线的三维拟合。

This factory's main products cre:double-spoke hand mheels,five-pointed-star-shaped knobs,arrow-shped handles,Tshaped handies,ect.,more than thity series,over two hundred special rubbr pats,nylonplasdic parts,it is also possible for this facty to produce and make all kinds of non-atsndard operating parts and special-shapediai-shpepedsealing parts according to the requireements of the customers.

弓行拉手、内波纹手轮、背波纹手轮、圆轮缘手轮、双幅条手轮、双柄手轮、小波纹手轮、镀铬手轮、手柄球、长手柄套、转动手柄、可折手柄、可调位手柄、方形拉手、椭圆拉手、星形手柄、碟形手柄、三角箭形把手、椭圆手柄套、铣床手轮、GB4141.23波纹手轮、小手轮、平面手轮、带可折手柄满幅手轮、表盘满幅手轮、把手、十字把手、压花把手、通孔把手、定位把手、T形把手、直纹把手、捏手、三棱把手、偏转旋钮、手柄套、小转动手柄、锥柱手柄、球头手柄、单柄对重手柄、双柄对重手柄、外方卡盘扳手、摇手柄、手柄座、锁紧手柄座、圆盘手柄座、4501分度盘、4502大把手、586刻度盘、工作灯、手柄杆、压配式油标、旋入式六角圆形油标、长型油标、圆形长拉手、等三十多种系列，二百多种规格，满足不同用户的需要，生产制造各种机械封件，特种橡胶件，尼龙塑料件，也可根据用户需要，生产制造各种非标操作件，异形密封件。

On the basis of three dimensional viscous numerical simulation on the internal flow field in the vaned diffuser of a centrifugal compressor,the influence of shaper parameters on the pneumatic performance in low solidity vaned diffuser is compared.

通过对一离心压缩机叶片扩压器内部流场进行三维粘性数值模拟，对比分析了小稠度扩压器的主要形状参数对气动性能的影响。

The research object to three grades 33 schoolchildren in one elementary school, and "the shape creativity comments the meter" and "the shape creativity examination volume" as the main tool to study, developing four kinds of teaching documents, after pretesting result test letter effect and the revision, carring on four month-long teaching experiments.

研究对象为某国小三年级33位学童，以「造形创造力测验卷」与「造形创造力评量表」为主要研究工具，发展四种教案，以预试结果考验信效度并修正后，进行为期四个月的教学实验。

An arbitrary shaped line current on a horizontal plane is divided into many small line segments and approximated by Hertzian diploes, then both the near and far EM-field of the line curennt is approximated by the summation of the complete near and far fields of Hertz dipoles.

水平面上任意形状线电流分割为许多小段之电流，每一小段之电流近似为赫芝偶极，则在三度空间任意座标平面上无论远近之电磁场即可以赫芝偶极之远近完整电磁场加总合成近似之。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失