小

By using the least square method and the weighted functionmethod of nonparametric estimation together, this paper defines the wavelet estimators of β and g.

本文采用了半参数估计常用的办法之一——最小二乘法结合非参数权函数估计法定义了参数分量和非参数分量的估计，这里的权函数不是通常所采用的核权函数或近邻权函数，而是由小波方法所得到的权函数，我们称它为小波权函数。

Exive least-squares solutions, antire?exive least-squares solutions, bisymmetric least-squaressolutions, symmetric and antipersymmetric least-squares solutions, symmetric or-thogonal symmetric least-squares solutions, symmetric orthogonal antisymmetricleast-squares solutions and their optimal approximation to the linear matrix equa-tion AX = B, and solve them successfully. 2. For Problem II, we can convert it to another problem of finding the least-squares solutions with the least norm of a new consistent matrix equation. Onthe base of the solutions of Problem I we can apply the iterative method to get

本文所构造的迭代法的优点在于先利用法方程变换将求矩阵方程的最小二乘解转化为求一个相容矩阵方程的解的问题，再利用迭代法对于任意给定的初始矩阵进行迭代，均可在有限步内迭代出所求问题的一个解；可将问题II转化为求新方程的极小范数解的问题，同样用迭代法求解，从而系统且全面地解决了问题I、II在约束矩阵类如中心对称、中心反对称、自反矩阵、反自反矩阵、双对称、对称次反对称、对称正交对称、对称正交反对称矩阵中的最小二乘解及其最佳逼近问题。

In case of high input dimension system model, taking norm of input vector as the input of wavelet network instead of using tensor product method to construct wavelet network ,which could solve the problems of high computation and curse of dimensionality.

在模型结构方面，对于多维输入输出系统建模，本文放弃选用传统的标量积确定小波基函数的方法，将输入矢量的范数作为小波网络基函数的输入变量，从而避免了高维输入所带来的可用小波基数量巨大和计算复杂的缺点。

The results showed that there were three minimum values in the second derivative spectrums of normal person, in contrast there were four minimum values in most diabetic second derivative spectrums, the diabetic urine had one minimum value more than normal urine during the range from 550 nm to 570 nm.

发现健康人的二阶导数光谱都有三个极小值，与之形成对比的是绝大多数糖尿病患者的二阶导数光谱却有四个极小值，糖尿病患者的尿样在550 nm～570 nm区间范围内比健康人多出一个极小值。

A fault diagnosis based on wavelet and PNN was introduced, which firstly uses Mexican Hat wavelet to transform diagnosis signal and extract energy normalized vector, then uses PNN to output fault as a classifier.

针对煤矿主通风机故障与征兆对应关系复杂的特点，以及利用传统BP网络进行故障诊断存在训练速度慢、易陷入局部极小的缺点，提出基于小波和概率神经网络的故障诊断方法：先利用时频两域有紧支撑能力的MexicanHat小波变换故障信号并提取能量归一化故障特征向量；然后将概率神经网络作为诊断决策分类器，输出故障模式。

In this paper, small batch bulk PP/ nucleator, small batch bulk PP/CaCO3 and small batch bulk PP/ nucleator /CaCO3 were studied systematically.

本文分别研究了小本体PP／β成核剂、小本体PP／CaCO_3、小本体PP／β成核剂／CaCO_3三类复合体系。

The results obtained from three different methods—the conventional numerical differentiation, the discrete wavelet transform method and the proposed continuous wavelet transform method were compared, it was demonstrated that the results are similar for signals without noise, but the signal-to-noise ratio of the result obtained by the CWT method is improved greatly comparing with the former two methods for noisy signals.

通过数值微分法、离散小波变换法及连续小波变换法对模拟信号的求导结果表明：对于无噪音的信号，三种方法的结果相似，而对于含有噪音的信号，连续小波变换法所得结果的信噪比明显高于前两种方法。

This thesis is divided into six parts. The first chapter is preface, the current status of research in the inverse problems for parabolic partial differential equations is reported; the second chapter is "regularization methods for numerical differentiation and their applications ", in this chapter we investigate many regularization methods from a viewpoint of regularization theory and algorithm, some applications in the inverse problems for parabolic partial differential equations are given; the third chapter is "spectral regularization methods". Based on Fourier analysis, within the framework of regularization theory, we apply the spectral methods to some ill-posed problems. Many numerical experiments are done in order to show the validity of the methods; the fourth chapter is devoted to wavelet dual least squares method and a revised wavelet method; in the fifth chapter,we combine finite difference method with method of lines and apply it to the backward heat conduction problem in time; in the sixth chapter "identification problems for unknown source ", the essence and the degree of two problems related to source identification are pointed out, at the same time, some numerical methods are reported.

本文分为六个部分，第一章前言简要分析了国内外抛物型偏微分方程反问题的研究现状；第二章数值微分的正则化及其应用从正则化理论和算法的角度出发，考察了许多正则化方法，还给出了数值微分在抛物型偏微分方程反问题的一些应用；第三章谱正则化方法是在Fourier分析的基础上，在一般正则化理论的框架下，给出了这种方法在各种不适定问题中的应用，数值实验表明谱方法是有效的；第四章研究了小波对偶最小二乘方法和改进的小波方法；第五章主要研究了有限差分方法结合线方法在时间反向热传导问题中的应用；第六章是未知源识别问题，主要指出了两类未知源问题的不适定程度和不适定本质，同时报告了一些数值方法。

Wings of nutlet ca. as wide as nutlet; female inflorescence less than 1 cm in diam.; peduncle 8-15 mm; branchlets densely resinous glandular.

约的小坚果的翅和小坚果一样宽；雌花序直径不到1厘米；花序梗8-15毫米；浓密的小枝树胶腺。

Sequence in the third middle member of Shahejie Formation in a well of Shengli oilfield, the SP data were processed by two-scale wavelet transform using quadric spline wavelet. With this transformation the logging data were expended from one dimensional depth space into two dimensional depth-scale space and wavelet coefficient curves on different scales were obtained.

以胜利油田某井沙三上亚段第Ⅲ层序为例，选用二次样条小波，对该井段SP测井数据进行二进小波变换，将一维测井数据拓展为二维深度－尺度空间，得到不同尺度上的小波系数曲线。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。