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The study has focused on: 1 The research background and the current state of the power measurement were analyzed systematically, and then wavelet-based power measurement algorithm was certified feasible for astable signals; 2 We developed a new method of RMS and power measurement based on Dmeyer wavelet. After that three other wavelet measurement approaches were compared with Dmeyer wavelet-based measurement approach. Then the impact on measurement errors of amplitude frequency property and energy leakage of wavelet filter banks were deeply researched, and some measures were proposed to reduce it; 3 We developed a new strategy of power measurement algorithm based on lifting wavelet, which had calculation advantage compared with the first wavelet, so that it was more suitable for the realization of hardware; 4 The running system of wavelet-based power measurement algorithm based on DSP was proposed, and then it was realized on ICETEK-VC5416-A EVM board; 5 Existing problems and the further research direction of wavelet-based power sub-band measurement algorithm was discussed.

本文对基于小波变换的功率测量算法展开深入的分析研究，主要内容有：1）系统地分析了功率分解测量的研究背景、国内外的研究现状，并从能量守恒的角度验证了小波功率分频带测量算法在非平稳信号条件下的可行性；2）首次提出了Dmeyer小波变换有效值与功率的测量方法，进而通过对该方法与3种已经提出的小波测量方法的对比分析，深入研究了小波滤波器组的幅频特性和能量泄漏特性对测量误差的影响，并针对电网谐波的特点提出了减小影响的相关措施；3）首次提出了二代小波功率测量算法，对比一代小波功率分频带测量算法，它大大减少了算法实现的运算量及内存的需求量，从而更适合于硬件的实时实现；4）提出了小波功率分频带测量算法的DSP实现方案，并在ICETEK-VC5416-A EVM板上进行了实现；5）探讨了小波功率分频带测量算法目前仍存在的问题，并提出了进一步的研究方向。

The results of three cladistic methods showed: the consanguinities of different genera in a same tribe were closer, such as Chalcis and Conura, Trigonurella, Megalocolus and Trigonura; the consanguinities of genera between different tribes were farther, such as Chalcis and Brachymeria, Dirhinus and Hallichella; Chalcis, Conura, Brachymeria and Epitranus were the most primitive relatively, Tainaniella and Oxycoryphe were the most evolutional, the consanguinities were the farthest between the former and the latter; the genera with the closest consanguinities were: Tainaniella and Oxycoryphe, Proconura and Nipponochalcidia, Chalcis and Conura, Megalocolus and Trigonura, they were regarded as 4 pairs of sister groups.

三种支序分析方法一致支持的结果为：同一族内成员之间亲缘关系较近，如小蜂属和卡诺小蜂属，微三角小蜂属、细尾小蜂属和三角小蜂属之间；不同族内成员相互之间的亲缘关系则较远，如小蜂属和大腿小蜂属之间，角头小蜂属和截胫小蜂属之间；小蜂属、卡诺小蜂属、大腿小蜂属和脊柄小蜂属相对最为原始，而泰内小蜂属和背突小蜂属最为进化，前者和后者之间的亲缘关系最远；亲缘关系最近的有：泰内小蜂属和背突小蜂属，泊卡小蜂属和日本小蜂属，小蜂属和卡诺小蜂属以及细尾小蜂属和三角小蜂属，它们各自之间都构成姊妹群关系。

Research emphasis is put on thefollowing aspects:First,study of multiwavelet basis(e.g.periodic vector,interpolation vector,multi-dimensional vector)suitable for different practical demands.Second,from perspective of operatorapproximation order,study of normal function approximation operator,contrast and comparison ofwavelet operator and multiwavelet operator and their respective applicable fields.And further,onbasis of the above,exploration of approaches of multiwavelet analysis application in function spacetheoretical research,and higher-lever,more convenient approaches for multi-function spaceapproximation theoretical research.Third,by fully employing unique features of multiwavelet,research action of multiwavelet analysis in the construction of L〓space non-conditionalbasis.Fourth,research such as transient signal analysis,image edge extraction,datacompression,fractal signal analysis.

其一，研究适宜于不同实际问题需要的向量小波基（如周期向量小波、插值向量小波、高维向量小波等）；其二，从算子逼近阶的角度研究一般函数逼近算子、小波算子和向量小波算子的异同点以及较优适用领域；在此基础上，探索将向量小波分析应用于函数空间理论研究的途径，寻找更高层次、更便捷地研究多元函数空间逼近理论的方法；其三，充分利用向量小波所独具的完美性质，探索在〓空间〓无条件基的构造中，向量小波分析的价值；其四，对向量小波适用的信号瞬态分析、图像边缘分析、数据压缩保真、分形信号分析等领域应给予特别的重视。

The results showed that:(1) The characteristic frequency of IC neurons of house mouse was increased with increasing recording depth, and the masker intensity used was positive relevant to the IC neurons\' minimum threshold. When the minimum threshold was high, the masker intensity needed was loud, vice versa.(2) According to the masking rate at MT+10dB of IC neurons to frequency modulation and tone burst, the IC neurons were classified as three types: type I neurons ( 72/113, 63.7%), in which the masking effect of TB was better than frequency modulation ;type II neurons (32/113, 28.3%), in which the masking effects of the two maskers were same; type III neurons( 9/113, 8.0%), in which the masking effect of FM was better than TB.(3) Type I neurons, the minimum threshold of which was low, but the Q_(10) and DR values of which were large; in type III neurons, the minimum threshold was high, the Q_(10) and DR values were narrow; in type III neurons, the MT Q_(10) and DR values were in between.(4) Both FM and TB could make the MT of type I neurons shift upward distinctively, but the effect of TB was more significant than FM.(5) The Q_(10) values of type I neurons became narrower under the influence of TB, were unaffected under the influence of FM.

结果显示：(1)小鼠下丘神经元的特征频率随着记录深度的增加而增高，掩蔽声强度与神经元的最小阈值呈正相关，即对高最小阈值的神经元进行掩蔽时需要的掩蔽声强度高，对低最小阈值神经元进行掩蔽需要的掩蔽声强度低：(2)根据调频声(frequency modulation， FM)和短纯音(tone burst， TB)对下丘神经元阈上10dB处反应的掩蔽，将小鼠IC神经元分为三类：Ⅰ类神经元(72/113，63.7％)，短纯音的掩蔽效果比调频声更好；Ⅱ类神经元(32/113，28.3％)，两者对神经元声反应的掩蔽率相同；Ⅲ类神经元(9/113，8.0％)，调频声的掩蔽效果更好；(3)Ⅰ类神经元的最小阈值低、Q_(10)值和动态范围大，Ⅲ类神经元最小阈值高、Q_(10)值和动态范围小，Ⅱ类神经元的最小阈值、Q_(10)值和动态范围介于Ⅰ和Ⅲ类神经元之间；(4)短纯音和调频声都可以使Ⅰ类神经元声反应的最小阈值明显上移，但短纯音使神经元最小阈值的上移更显著：(5)短纯音使Ⅰ类神经元的Q_(10)值变小，调频声使神经元的Q_(10)值增大不显著，短纯音与调频声对神经元Q_(10)的影响差别显著；(6)短纯音与调频声都使神经元的动态范围减小，并且作用显著，但短纯音的效果更显著：(7)短纯音与调频声都使神经元反应的潜伏期延长，效果显著，但TB的延长作用更为显著；(8)随着探测声强度的升高，短纯音和调频声对Ⅰ类神经元声反应的掩蔽率都降低，但在各个探测声强度短纯音的掩蔽率都比调频声高。

In chapter 4, the Newlands harmonic wavelet is improved and a new type of wavelet with better time-frequency characteristic is constructed. Frequency band of signal can be divided arbitrary with the improved harmonic wavelet so that the phenomena of aliasing are reduced. Several typical fault signals in Electromechanical System are analyzed with it. In addition to the improved harmonic wavelet in chapter 4, a new half-complex wavelet is presented to improve the complex wavelet, which is given by Chaari.O. A unilateral recursive algorithm is derived to improve the real-time characteristic. A parameter n is imported to make the time-frequency and filtering characteristics of it better and its ability of extracting fault feature is enhanced.

第四章通过对Newland谐波小波的改进构造频域紧支撑、时域性能良好的新型小波函数，可实现信号频带的任意划分，从而减少频带混叠现象，采用改进的谐波小波对多种典型的机电系统故障信号进行了分析；以Chaari.O复小波为基础构造了一个半复小波，从提高复小波算法的实时性出发，推导了半复小波单向递推算法，通过给原小波设置可调参数的方法，实现了一种能满足小波基本条件的复值小波，可以通过参数的调整调节小波滤波器在Hilbert空间的时频特性和相应的滤波性能，以加强半复小波对故障特征的提取能力。

Result:As compared with the model group, the effect of small dose group and middle dose group of osteopractic total flavone on TBV% of shankbone increased significantly; the effect of small dose group and middle dose group of osteopractic total flavone on TRS% of shankbone reduced significantly and TFS%, AFS%, MAR, BFR of shankbone reduced obviously; the effect of middle dose group of osteopractic total flavone on OSW and mAR reduced obviously, the effect of small dose group of osteopractic total flavone on them had the tendency of reducing, but there was no statistical significance.

结果 ：对胫骨骨小梁体积百分比的影响，与模型组比较，骨碎补总黄酮小剂量组和中剂量组的TBV %明显增高；对胫骨骨小梁吸收表面百分比的影响，与模型组比较，骨碎补总黄酮小剂量组、中剂量组的TRS %显著降低；对胫骨骨小梁形成表面百分比，活性生成表面百分比，骨小梁矿化率和骨小梁骨生成率的影响，骨碎补总黄酮小剂量组、中剂量组的TFS %，AFS %，MAR ，BFR较模型组皆明显降低；对胫骨类骨质平均宽度和骨皮质矿化率的影响，骨碎补总黄酮中剂量组的OSW和mAR与模型组比较，明显降低；骨碎补总黄酮小剂量组与之相比，有下降的趋势，但无统计学意义。

Spikelets all alike, somewhat laterally compressed, with 1 to several fertile florets; rachilla usually disarticulating below each floret, occasionally strictly 3 florets with lower 2 staminate or barren and of different appearance from upper fertile floret, then disarticulating above glumes and florets falling together; glumes persistent, often equal to spikelet or at least longer than first floret, commonly membranous with broad, shining, hyaline margins; floret callus bearded; lemmas hyaline to leathery, 3- to several-veined ( Coleanthus 1-veined), apex entire or denticulate, awned from back, rarely awnless; awn usually geniculate with twisted column; palea hyaline, subequaling or much shorter than lemma.

全部一样的小穗，有点侧面压扁，具1到数个能育的小花；脱节的通常小穗轴在下面每小花，偶尔严格加雄蕊或者无意义的更低的2的3小花和上面肥沃小花的不同外表，然后脱节的上述颖片和小花结合起来；宿存的颖片，等于小穗或长于前小花，宽的膜质具，发亮，透明边缘的通常的至少的通常；公然反对的小花结茧；透明的外稃到革质，3-到数枚脉(Coleanthus 1脉)，先端全缘或具小齿，从背面，很少awnless那里具芒；用盘旋的柱子通常膝曲的芒；透明的内稃，近相等或者远短于外稃。

Audio denoising is the pre-step in the audio processing,and wavelet domain denoising has been a main research area.In order to give people a summary knowledge of wavelet domain audio denoising,based on many literatures,this paper attempts to make a survey of wavelet domain audio denoising.First,it introduces wavelet transformation and the characteristics,and gives the optimal selecting and dealing criterion of wavelet domain denoising,the basis wavelet selection.Second,describes five classical methods of audio denoising,for example,threshold,multi-wavelet,wavelet packet,modulus maximum and scale correlation,then introduces their development.Third,introduces a new algorithm based on modulus maximum and scale trading theory.At the end,the future trend of wavelet domain audio denoising is pointed out.

音频降噪是音频处理前期的必要步骤，小波域降噪是其中一个重要的研究方向，为了使人们对小波域音频降噪有概括了解，在对小波域音频降噪相关文献进行分析和理解的前提下，首先介绍了小波变换及其特性，同时阐述了小波降噪的最优选取和处理准则，及对音频进行小波变换时小波基的选取原则；然后评述了用于音频降噪的阈值，多小波、小波包、模极大值和尺度相关法等5类方法及各自的发展；接着介绍在前人基础上，提出新的基于模极大值和尺度理论的降噪算法；最后探讨了小波域音频降噪的发展方向。

You want to leave the soil nice and loose for the roots of the fly trap. When you start to transplant, you want to be very careful of the leaves of the plant. Gently taking the plant out of its pot…and you want to remove quite a bit of the soil from around the roots of the plant. Here we can see that the actual root ball of the Venus Fly Trap is extremely small. The roots are very shallow, and they really don't need a whole lot of space for their roots. Here is the rye zone of the plant, which is really the core of the Venus Fly Trap, this white fleshy part. So we are going to make a small hole for this fly trap, place it down in the soil and just bring the soil right around the plant. Nice and easy. You don't want to pack it down too hard. We are going to repeat this part process for each one of these plants.

我们将玻璃瓶倒入大约四分之一的介质，而您必须要确定不要倒入太多的介质，您要为小捕的根部维持良好又松弛的介质，当您开始移植时，您要小心的保持维护住小捕的叶子，优雅小心的将小捕从旧盆中拿出，并且移除掉一些围绕在根系外多余的土壤，从这里我们可以实际看到小捕根部的土球非常的小，这些根非常的短小，而且他们完全不需要太大的空间，这是小捕最核心的球茎部位，这白色的基部，接下来我们要为小捕挖一个小洞，安置小捕后把介质好好的盖在植株根部简单又容易，您不需要把他压的太紧，我们就依照这样的方式来移植每一颗小捕，在您移植完全部的小捕后，要记得给他们喷上优质的水喔！

More than for my拙见, I am not a doctor, my son just turned 3 years old, his grandmother and小姨妈are paediatrics specialists, in order to son, I have learned a lot with them knowledge and hope to help you.

以上为我的拙见，我不是医生，我儿子刚满3岁，他奶奶和小姨妈都是儿科专家，为了儿子，我跟她们学了很多知识，希望能帮到你。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。