封建制度的

Ancient understanding in complicity can be traced back to 3,000 years in China.

在中国古代对共同犯罪的认识可以追溯到三千年前，到了唐代，对共同犯罪制度又有了进一步的发展，明确提出了共同犯罪的定义，并详细规定了关于共同犯罪的种类、共犯人的分类及各自的责任、处罚原则等，使封建刑法的共犯制度趋于完整。

Led by Cai Yuanpei and his associates in the eary yeare of the Republic of China, the educational reform aiming at effacement of the feudal influence and diversification of educational values brought forth the new aim and system of eduation.

它标志着在中国延续两千多年的封建君主专制制度的终结和资产阶级共和制度的诞生，是中国从传统社会向近代社会转变过程中的一个重要里程碑，极大地推动了中国教育近代化的历史进程。

He identified the beginning of agriculture and establishment of feudality as the first wave; industrial revolution and establishment of capitalism, the second; and technology, intellectual economy, post-industrial time, the third. He said the third wave would change the US and the world as a whole, and affect the development of human history.

1980年，世界著名的未来学家阿尔文·托夫勒在他的《第三次浪潮》一书中，对于人类经济社会发展的历史重新进行了界定：他把人类历史上开始发展农业、建立封建制度称为"第一次浪潮"，把工业革命、建立资本主义制度称为"第二次浪潮"，而现在世界正在经历着以知识经济为代表的"第三次浪潮"，它将彻底改变美国以至世界的一切，影响人类历史的发展。

The surviveand development of CA law system can not leave the certain material life condition andcertain production pattern, so, different CA ecology reflects different economy foundation: Traditional accusatorial action based on the ethics order is co-related with the originaleconomy ecology; Traditional inquisitorial action based on the administrative order isco-related with developed cultural economy ecology. The difference of western economyecology and eastern economy ecology leads to the different genes though them faced thesame traditional inquisitorial action. The modern CA based on the law order lies on thedeveloped commercial economy, the mature market economy and modern citizen societybring about the modern CA ecology whose task is resolve the action contradiction withration.

刑事诉讼法律制度的生存和发展同样不能离开特定社会的物质生活条件，生产力水平与生产方式等条件，因此，不同的刑事诉讼生态反映的是完全不同的经济基础：以伦理秩序为特征的弹劾式诉讼与原始经济生态密不可分；而以行政秩序为特征的纠问式诉讼与较为发达的农业经济生态互为依存，当然也正是由于西方封建经济生态与东方社会封建经济生态的巨大差异导致同样的纠问式诉讼孕育着不同的系统突变基因；以法律秩序为特征的现代刑事诉讼则立基于高度发达的商品经济生态基础之上，比较成熟的市场经济环境和现代市民社会的形成不断地催生着以理性解决严重刑事冲突的现代刑事诉讼生态。

He intended to redress an injustice for his generation and to complain of the androphagous feudal system.

家·后记》不难看出，作者写《家》是要吐露他二十几年对于一个不合理制度的&积愤&，替一代人伸冤，是要控诉那吃人的封建制度。

The causation of the cosmical escape are all types . such as labor style turned collective farming to petty farmer farming ; clan lived together turned to a family lived alone ; feodal bureaucracy instead the hereditary ; the annex of the earth ; natural calamity ;the corruption of the officials ; chaos caused by war and so on .

引起大规模逃亡犯罪出现的表层原因有土地兼并、苛捐杂税、自然灾害、吏治腐败、战乱侵扰等等：而深层原因则在于社会劳动方式从村社集体耕作变为小农独立耕作、基层经济组织由宗族为单位变为小家庭独立生产、政治制度由封建官僚代替世卿世禄等经济、政治制度的变化。

Although his conception of history was feudally historical idealism, Xun Zi carried on and developed Confucius'thought of ruling the state with proprieties and ceremonies; he criticized and absorbed those scholars'thoughts in pre-Qin times; he made a thorough research into the deep intension of the propriety and ceremony system from humane and historic angle, meanwhile he expanded the system's extension from the latitude of society, politics, human life, and m...

尽管其历史观具有浓厚的唯心主义色彩，但是他继承并发展了孔子儒家以礼治国的思想，批判总结先秦诸子思想又多有融合，从人文和历史的高度挖掘礼仪制度的深层蕴涵，从社会、政治、人生、道德等纬度全面开拓礼仪制度的广泛外延，从而构筑了博大精深的儒家礼学思想体系，奠定了上古殷周文化模式向中古封建文化模式转型的理论基础。

In this period,the Chinese prison system experienced a course of evolution from emergence to development,including the appearance of prison,the formation of penological ideas and the establishment of prison administration system.

其间，我国的封建监狱制度，包括监狱的设置、狱政思想的形成以及监管制度的建立，历经了一个由产生到发展的演化过程，具有丰富的内涵及特征。

In Europe, Feudalism was mainly a system of holding land in exchange for military service and a form of local and decentralized government.

在欧洲，封建制度主要指的是一种用土地所有权来交换军事服务的制度，是一种地方自治和政府分散统治形式。

So he turned political, began working against feudal autocracy and struggle for democracy. Early in 1842, he wrote an article - Part political essays,"Prew assessment of the soil to check books," The censorship of books critical to expose the entire national territory Proudhon the reactionary nature of the system.

于是他转向政治，开始从事反对封建专制和争取民主的斗争。1842年初，他写了第—篇政论文章《评普鲁土的书报检查令》，通过对书报检查制度的批判，揭露整个普鲁土国家制度的反动本质。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。